A Modest Proposal: For preventing the children of poor people in Ireland, from being a burden on their parents or country, and for making them beneficial to the publick — Page 14

Vocabulary

Daher

Therefore; used to indicate a logical conclusion.

möge

May (subjunctive); expresses a wish or hope.

mir

Me/to me; dative form of the pronoun 'ich'.

niemand

Nobody; refers to no person at all.

von

From/of; common preposition indicating origin or belonging.

anderen

Other/others; referring to different people or things.

sprechen

To speak; to communicate verbally with someone.

davon

Of it/thereof; referring to something previously mentioned.

unsere

Our; first-person plural possessive pronoun.

mit

With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means.

fünf

Five; the cardinal number between four and six.

pro

Per; indicating a rate or ratio for each unit.

Pfund

Pound; unit of weight or British currency.

zu

To/at; versatile preposition or infinitive particle.

besteuern

To tax; to impose a financial levy on something.

weder

Neither; used in 'weder...noch' (neither...nor) construction.

Kleidung

Clothing; garments worn to cover the body.

noch

Nor/still/yet; used in negations or comparisons.

verwenden

To use; to employ something for a purpose.

außer

Except/besides; excluding something from a statement.

solchen

Such; referring to previously described things or people.

die

The/which/that; definite article or relative pronoun.

aus

From/out of; preposition indicating origin or material.

unserem

Our (dative); possessive pronoun in dative case.

eigenen

Own; belonging to oneself, not from outside.

Anbau

Cultivation; growing of crops or plants domestically.

und

And; basic coordinating conjunction linking elements.

unserer

Our (genitive/dative); possessive pronoun in genitive case.

Herstellung

Production/manufacture; the process of making goods.

stammen

To originate/come from; to derive from a source.

Materialien

Materials; substances used in making or building things.

Instrumente

Instruments/tools; devices used for a specific purpose.

ausländischen

Foreign; relating to or coming from another country.

Luxus

Luxury; great comfort or expensive, non-essential items.

fördern

To promote/support; to encourage development of something.

vollständig

Completely/fully; in an entire or thorough manner.

abzulehnen

To reject/decline; to refuse or turn something down.

Stolz

Pride; a feeling of satisfaction in one's achievements.

Eitelkeit

Vanity; excessive concern with one's own appearance.

bei

At/with/among; preposition indicating location or association.

unseren

Our (accusative/dative plural); possessive pronoun plural form.

Frauen

Women/wives; adult female persons or spouses.

bekämpfen

To combat/fight against; to actively oppose something.

einen

A/an (accusative masculine); indefinite article accusative form.

Sinn

Sense/meaning; a feeling, purpose, or faculty of perception.

für

For; preposition indicating purpose, benefit, or duration.

Sparsamkeit

Frugality/thrift; careful management of money or resources.

Klugheit

Prudence/wisdom; the quality of being sensible and clever.

Mäßigung

Moderation; avoidance of excess in behavior or consumption.

einzuführen

To introduce/implement; to bring something into use.

lernen

To learn; to acquire knowledge or a skill.

unser

Our; first-person plural possessive pronoun base form.

Land

Country/land; a nation or piece of territory.

lieben

To love; to feel deep affection for someone or something.

worin

Wherein/in which; relative adverb indicating a location.

wir

We; first-person plural subject pronoun.

uns

Us/ourselves; first-person plural object or reflexive pronoun.

selbst

Ourselves/itself; reflexive intensifier or pronoun.

den

The (accusative/dative); definite article in oblique cases.

Bewohnern

Inhabitants/residents; people who live in a place.

unterscheiden

To distinguish/differentiate; to tell apart two or more things.

Fraktionen

Factions; groups with differing opinions within a larger body.

aufzugeben

To give up/abandon; to stop pursuing or relinquish something.

nicht

Not; basic negation word in German sentences.

länger

Longer/any longer; comparative of 'lang', used in negations.

wie

Like/how/as; used in comparisons or questions.

handeln

To act/trade; to take action or engage in commerce.

einander

Each other/one another; reciprocal pronoun for mutual actions.

ermordeten

Murdered; past tense of ermorden, to kill intentionally.

genau

Exactly/precisely; used to affirm accuracy or agreement.

in

In/into; preposition indicating location or direction.

dem

The (dative); definite article in dative case.

Moment

Moment; a very brief period of time.

als

When/as/than; used in time clauses or comparisons.

ihre

Their/her; third-person possessive pronoun.

Stadt

City/town; an urban settlement or municipality.

eingenommen

Taken/captured; past participle of einnehmen, to seize.

wurde

Was/became; past tense of werden, auxiliary for passive.

ein

A/one; indefinite article or the numeral one.

wenig

A little/few; indicating a small amount of something.

vorsichtig

Careful/cautious; acting with care to avoid danger.

sein

To be/his; infinitive of the verb 'to be'.

Gewissen

Conscience; the inner sense of right and wrong.

nichts

Nothing; not anything at all.

verkaufen

To sell; to exchange goods or services for money.

lehren

To teach; to instruct or impart knowledge to someone.

wenigstens

At least; indicating a minimum acceptable amount or degree.

gewisses

A certain; referring to an unspecified but notable quality.

Maß

Measure/degree; a standard or extent of something.

an

At/on/to; preposition indicating position or direction.

Mitgefühl

Compassion/sympathy; sharing and understanding others' feelings.

gegenüber

Opposite/toward; indicating position or attitude toward something.

ihren

Their (dative/accusative); possessive pronoun oblique form.

zeigen

To show; to display or demonstrate something to someone.

Und

And; coordinating conjunction connecting words or clauses.

schließlich

Finally/ultimately; indicating the last point in a series.

Geist

Spirit/mind; the intellectual or spiritual essence of something.

der

The/of the; definite article or relative pronoun.

Ehrlichkeit

Honesty; the quality of being truthful and transparent.

des

Of the (genitive); definite article in genitive case.

Fleißes

Of diligence; genitive of Fleiß, meaning hard work.

Geschicks

Of skill/dexterity; genitive of Geschick, meaning ability.

wenn

If/when; conditional or temporal subordinating conjunction.

nun

Now/well; indicating current time or a discourse marker.

Beschluss

Resolution/decision; a formal or official determination made.

gefasst

Passed/adopted; past participle of fassen regarding decisions.

werden

To become/will; auxiliary verb for future or passive.

könnte

Could; subjunctive II of können, expressing possibility.

nur

Only/just; limiting to a single thing or amount.

einheimische

Domestic/local; belonging to or produced in one's own country.

Waren

Goods/merchandise; products available for sale or trade.

kaufen

To buy; to acquire something in exchange for money.

sich

Themselves/oneself; reflexive pronoun for third person.

sofort

Immediately; without any delay, right away.

zusammenschließen

To unite/join together; to form a collective group.

würden

Would; conditional auxiliary verb in subjunctive II.

um

In order to/around; preposition or part of infinitive clause.

beim

At the/when; contraction of 'bei dem'.

Preis

Price/prize; the cost of something or an award.

Qualität

Quality; the standard or degree of excellence of something.

betrügen

To cheat/deceive; to trick someone dishonestly for gain.

bislang

So far/until now; referring to the time up to now.

nie

Never; at no time, not ever.

dazu

To that/for that; referring to a previously mentioned purpose.

bewegen

To move/persuade; to cause physical or emotional movement.

ließen

Let/allowed; past tense of lassen, to let or allow.

auch

Also/even/too; additive particle used for emphasis or inclusion.

einzigen

Single/only (one); referring to one and no other.

fairen

Fair; just, equitable, and reasonable in dealings.

Vorschlag

Proposal/suggestion; an idea put forward for consideration.

Handel

Trade/commerce; buying and selling of goods or services.

machen

To make/do; to create or perform an action.

obwohl

Although/even though; concessive subordinating conjunction.

man

One/people; impersonal pronoun referring to people generally.

sie

She/they/them; third-person singular or plural pronoun.

oft

Often; frequently, on many occasions.

eindringlich

Urgently/emphatically; in a pressing and earnest manner.

eingeladen

Invited; past participle of einladen, to invite someone.

hat

Has; third-person singular present of haben, to have.

wiederhole

I repeat; first-person singular of wiederholen, to repeat.

ich

I; first-person singular subject pronoun.

Niemand

Nobody; no person at all, used as a noun here.

diesen

This/these (accusative); demonstrative pronoun accusative form.

ähnlichen

Similar; resembling something else in nature or appearance.

bis

Until/by/up to; indicating a time limit or boundary.

er

He; third-person singular masculine subject pronoun.

zumindest

At least; indicating a minimum condition or requirement.

kleinen

Small/little (declined); adjective in an oblique case.

Schimmer

Glimmer/shimmer; a faint or flickering light or sign.

Hoffnung

Hope; a feeling of expectation for something positive.

hegt

Harbors/cherishes; third-person singular of hegen, to nurture.

dass

That; subordinating conjunction introducing a dependent clause.

es

It; third-person singular neuter pronoun.

jemals

Ever; at any time, used in questions or negations.

ernsthaften

Serious/earnest; done with genuine commitment and sincerity.

aufrichtigen

Sincere/genuine; honest and straightforward in intention.

Versuch

Attempt/try; an effort to achieve or accomplish something.

geben

To give/there to be; to provide or offer something.

wird

Will/becomes; third-person singular of werden.

Praxis

Practice; the actual application or use of an idea.

umzusetzen

To implement/put into practice; to carry out a plan.