A Modest Proposal: For preventing the children of poor people in Ireland, from being a burden on their parents or country, and for making them beneficial to the publick — Page 12

Vocabulary

Esto

This; used to refer to something nearby or just mentioned.

aumentaría

Would increase; conditional form of aumentar.

el

The; masculine singular definite article.

cuidado

Care, caution; attention given to someone or something.

y

And; basic coordinating conjunction joining words or clauses.

la

The; feminine singular definite article.

ternura

Tenderness, affection; gentle and loving feeling toward another.

de

Of, from; preposition indicating origin, possession, or relationship.

las

The; feminine plural definite article.

madres

Mothers; female parents who care for children.

hacia

Toward; preposition indicating direction or orientation.

sus

Their, his, her; possessive adjective for third person.

hijos

Children, sons; offspring of a parent.

cuando

When; conjunction introducing time-related clauses.

tuvieran

They had; imperfect subjunctive of tener.

certeza

Certainty; the state of being absolutely sure.

un

A, an; masculine singular indefinite article.

sustento

Sustenance, livelihood; means of support or nourishment.

por

For, by, through; versatile preposition with many uses.

vida

Life; the existence of a living being.

para

For, in order to; preposition indicating purpose or recipient.

los

The; masculine plural definite article.

pobres

Poor; lacking sufficient money or resources.

infantes

Infants, young children; very young human beings.

provisto

Provided, supplied; past participle of proveer.

en

In, on, at; preposition indicating location or time.

cierta

Certain, a certain; indicating something specific but unspecified.

manera

Manner, way; the method or style of doing something.

público

Public; relating to the community or general population.

beneficio

Benefit, profit; advantage or gain received from something.

anual

Annual; occurring or calculated once every year.

ellas

They; third-person plural feminine subject pronoun.

lugar

Place, location; a particular area or spot.

gasto

Expense, expenditure; money spent on something.

Pronto

Soon, quickly; in a short time or without delay.

veríamos

We would see; conditional form of ver.

una

A, an; feminine singular indefinite article.

honesta

Honest, decent; characterized by integrity and fairness.

emulación

Emulation, rivalry; effort to match or surpass another.

entre

Between, among; preposition indicating a position amid others.

mujeres

Women; adult female human beings.

casadas

Married; women who are legally joined in matrimony.

sobre

About, over, on; preposition indicating topic or position.

cuál

Which; interrogative pronoun asking for a specific choice.

podría

Could, would be able to; conditional form of poder.

llevar

To carry, to bring; to transport something to a place.

al

To the; contraction of a and el.

mercado

Market; place where goods are bought and sold.

niño

Child, boy; a young human being.

más

More, most; comparative or superlative adverb.

gordo

Fat, plump; having a large amount of body weight.

Los

The; masculine plural definite article.

hombres

Men; adult male human beings.

llegarían

They would come to; conditional form of llegar.

a

To, at; preposition indicating direction or purpose.

estimar

To esteem, to value; to regard someone with respect.

esposas

Wives; female spouses in a marriage.

durante

During; throughout the course of a period of time.

tiempo

Time, weather; a measurable duration or period.

su

His, her, its, your; singular third-person possessive adjective.

embarazo

Pregnancy; the period of carrying a developing child.

tanto

So much, as much; adverb expressing degree or comparison.

como

As, like, how; used in comparisons or explanations.

estiman

They esteem, they value; third-person plural of estimar.

ahora

Now; at the present moment in time.

yeguas

Mares; adult female horses.

preñadas

Pregnant; used for female animals carrying offspring.

vacas

Cows; adult female cattle kept for milk or meat.

o

Or; conjunction presenting an alternative choice.

cerdas

Sows; female pigs kept for breeding or slaughter.

están

They are; third-person plural present tense of estar.

punto

Point, moment; here means about to in a phrase.

parir

To give birth; to deliver offspring, said of animals.

no

No, not; negation word used to deny or refuse.

se

Reflexive pronoun; used for reflexive or passive constructions.

atreverían

They would dare; conditional form of atreverse.

golpearlas

To hit them; to strike female objects or persons.

patearlas

To kick them; to strike them with the foot.

es

Is; third-person singular present tense of ser.

práctica

Practice, habit; a repeated or common action.

demasiado

Too much, excessively; beyond what is acceptable or needed.

frecuente

Frequent; happening or occurring often.

temor

Fear, dread; a feeling of anxiety about danger.

aborto

Abortion, miscarriage; premature end of a pregnancy.

Podrían

They could; conditional form of poder.

enumerarse

To be enumerated; to be listed one by one.

muchas

Many; a large number of feminine plural nouns.

otras

Other; additional or different feminine plural things.

ventajas

Advantages; favorable or beneficial aspects of something.

Por

For, by, through; preposition with many contextual meanings.

ejemplo

Example; an instance used to illustrate a point.

adición

Addition; the act of adding something to something else.

algunos

Some, a few; an unspecified number of masculine nouns.

miles

Thousands; plural of mil, indicating large numbers.

carcasas

Carcasses; the dead bodies of slaughtered animals.

nuestra

Our; first-person plural possessive adjective, feminine singular.

exportación

Export; goods or products sent to another country.

carne

Meat, flesh; the edible tissue of an animal.

res

Beef, livestock; cattle used for meat production.

barril

Barrel; a cylindrical container for storing liquids or goods.

propagación

Propagation, spread; the process of increasing or multiplying.

cerdo

Pig, pork; a domesticated animal raised for meat.

mejora

Improvement; the act of making something better.

arte

Art, skill; a craft or creative ability.

hacer

To make, to do; a fundamental action verb.

buen

Good; shortened form of bueno before masculine singular nouns.

tocino

Bacon; cured and smoked pork belly meat.

tan

So, as; adverb used in comparisons of equality.

necesario

Necessary; required or essential for a purpose.

nosotros

We, us; first-person plural subject pronoun.

dada

Given; past participle of dar, used as adjective.

gran

Great, large; shortened form of grande before nouns.

destrucción

Destruction; the action of causing great and irreparable damage.

cerdos

Pigs; domesticated animals raised primarily for meat.

nuestras

Our; first-person plural possessive adjective, feminine plural.

mesas

Tables; flat-surfaced furniture used for meals.

cuales

Which; relative pronoun referring to previously mentioned things.

son

Are; third-person plural present tense of ser.

comparables

Comparable; able to be likened or considered similar.

sabor

Flavor, taste; the sensation produced by food in the mouth.

ni

Nor, neither; conjunction used in negative constructions.

magnificencia

Magnificence; impressive beauty, grandeur, or splendor.

año

Year; a period of twelve months.

bien

Well, good; adverb indicating quality or manner.

desarrollado

Developed, grown; fully matured or brought to completion.

que

That, which, who; versatile conjunction or relative pronoun.

asado

Roasted; cooked by dry heat in an oven or fire.

entero

Whole, entire; complete and not divided into parts.

lucirá

Will shine, will look good; future tense of lucir.

considerablemente

Considerably; to a notably large or significant degree.

banquete

Banquet; a large formal meal for many guests.

Alcalde

Mayor; the elected head of a city or town.

cualquier

Any, whatever; used before a noun to mean any one.

otro

Other, another; referring to a different or additional thing.

festejo

Festivity, celebration; a joyful public event or party.

Pero

But; conjunction introducing a contrast or exception.

esto

This; neuter demonstrative pronoun referring to something nearby.

muchos

Many; a large number of masculine plural things.

otros

Others; additional or different masculine plural things.

argumentos

Arguments; reasons or evidence supporting a position.

omito

I omit; to leave out or exclude intentionally.

ser

To be; infinitive expressing permanent states or identity.

amante

Lover, devotee; one who loves or is fond of something.

brevedad

Brevity; the quality of expressing things concisely.