A Modest Proposal: For preventing the children of poor people in Ireland, from being a burden on their parents or country, and for making them beneficial to the publick — Page 1

Vocabulary

慎ましい

tsutsumashii — Modest, humble, living simply and frugally

提案

teian — A proposal or suggestion put forward

アイルランド

Airurando — The country Ireland, island nation in Europe

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns

貧しい

mazushii — Poor, lacking money or material resources

人々

hitobito — People, referring to multiple persons collectively

子どもたち

kodomotachi — Children, plural form of child

が

ga — Subject-marking particle indicating the grammatical subject

その

sono — That, demonstrative adjective referring to something nearby

親

oya — Parent or parents of a child

や

ya — And, listing particle connecting nouns loosely

国

kuni — Country, nation, or one's homeland

重荷

omoni — A heavy burden or load to bear

と

to — And, with; quotation or companion particle

なら

nara — Conditional particle meaning if or in that case

ない

nai — Negative auxiliary indicating something does not exist

よう

you — In order to; expresses purpose or likeness

に

ni — Directional or purpose particle with multiple uses

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru; to do and also

また

mata — Also, again, or furthermore connecting ideas

彼ら

karera — They, third-person plural pronoun

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object

公共

koukyou — Public, relating to the community or society

利益

rieki — Benefit, profit, or advantage gained

なる

naru — To become, to turn into something else

する

suru — To do, general-purpose action verb

ため

tame — For the sake of, in order to achieve

博士

hakase — Doctor, holder of doctoral academic degree

著

cho — Authored by; written by a specific person

年

nen — Year, unit of time measurement

この

kono — This, demonstrative adjective for nearby things

大きな

ookina — Large, big in size or scale

町

machi — Town, city, or urban neighborhood area

歩く

aruku — To walk, to travel on foot

地方

chihou — Region, rural area, or local district

旅

tabi — A journey, trip, or travel experience

とって

totte — For, from the perspective of someone

通り

toori — Street, avenue, or road in a town

道路

douro — Road, paved path for vehicle travel

小屋

koya — Hut, small simple shelter or shack

戸口

toguchi — Doorway, entrance to a building or home

女性

josei — Woman, female person or women in general

乞食

kojiki — Beggar, person who begs for money or food

たち

tachi — Plural suffix added to nouns or pronouns

で

de — At, by, with; indicates location or means

溢れ

afure — Overflow, to be filled to excess

三人

sannin — Three people, a group of three persons

四人

yonin — Four people, a group of four persons

あるいは

aruiwa — Or, alternatively; presenting another possibility

六人

rokunin — Six people, a group of six persons

子ども

kodomo — Child, young person not yet an adult

連れ

tsure — Companion, someone accompanying another person

皆

mina — Everyone, all people in a group

ぼろ

boro — Rags, tattered worn-out clothing or fabric

まとい

matoi — Wearing, being wrapped or clothed in something

通行人

tsuukounin — Passerby, person walking past on the street

ひとり

hitori — One person, alone, a single individual

施し

hodokoshi — Charity, alms given to those in need

求めて

motomete — Seeking, requesting, or asking for something

いる

iru — To be, to exist; ongoing action auxiliary

光景

koukei — Scene, sight, or view of something witnessed

目

me — Eye; also used to mean one's gaze or sight

は

wa — Topic-marking particle highlighting the sentence topic

実に

jitsu ni — Truly, indeed, really emphasizing a statement

憂鬱

yuuutsu — Melancholy, depression, or gloomy feeling

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjective to noun

こと

koto — Thing, fact, or nominalizer for verb phrases

ある

aru — To exist, to be present; there is something

これら

korera — These, plural demonstrative pronoun for nearby things

母親

hahaoya — Mother, a female parent of a child

正直

shoujiki — Honest, truthful, or straightforward in character

生計

seikei — Livelihood, means of earning one's living

立てる

tateru — To establish, to set up or make something

働く

hataraku — To work, to labor for income or purpose

も

mo — Also, even; inclusive additive particle

でき

deki — Can, be able to; stem of dekiru

ず

zu — Negative verb ending meaning without doing or unable

やむなく

yamu naku — Unavoidably, having no other choice but

全て

subete — All, everything, the entirety of something

時間

jikan — Time, hours, a period of duration

無力

muryoku — Powerless, helpless, lacking strength or ability

赤子

akago — Baby, infant, very young child

食糧

shokuryou — Food, provisions, or food supply for sustenance

さまよう

samayou — To wander, to roam without a clear destination

費やし

tsuyashi — Spending or consuming time, money, or energy

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential actions

おり

ori — Continuing state; humble form of iru

成長

seichou — Growth, development of a person or organism

つれ

tsure — As, in accordance with a changing condition

仕事

shigoto — Work, job, or occupation one performs

盗賊

touzoku — Thief, bandit, or criminal who steals

か

ka — Question particle or or expressing alternatives

愛する

aisuru — To love, to feel deep affection for someone

故国

kokoku — Homeland, one's native country of origin

離れて

hanarete — Separated from, away from a place or person

王位

oui — The throne, royal position or kingship

戦う

tatakau — To fight, to battle or struggle against something

さもなくば

samonakuba — Otherwise, or else if that does not happen

へ

e — To, toward; directional particle indicating destination

自ら

mizukara — Oneself, personally doing something by oneself

売り渡す

uriwatasu — To sell off, hand over completely to another

いずれか

izureka — Either, whichever one of several options

腕

ude — Arm, upper limb of the human body

中

naka — Inside, middle, among a group or space

背中

senaka — Back, the rear side of the human torso

足元

ashimoto — At one's feet, the ground near one's feet

まとわりつく

matowari tsuku — To cling to, to hang around someone persistently

夥しい

夥しい — Enormous in number, a great multitude of things

数

kazu — Number, count, or quantity of something

そして

soshite — And then, furthermore connecting sequential ideas

頻繁

hinpan — Frequent, happening many times repeatedly

父親

chichioya — Father, male parent of a child

王国

oukoku — Kingdom, a country ruled by a king or queen

現在

genzai — The present time, current moment or situation

嘆かわしい

nagekawashii — Deplorable, lamentable, deeply regrettable situation

状況

joukyou — Situation, circumstances, or current state of affairs

において

ni oite — In, at, regarding a particular context or place

さらなる

saranaru — Further, additional, even greater than before

苦悩

kunou — Anguish, suffering, or deep mental distress

種

tane — Seed, source, or cause of something

なって

natte — Becoming, having turned into a certain state

という

to iu — Called, known as; quotation or naming expression

あらゆる

arayuru — Every, all possible kinds or types of things

立場

tachiba — Position, standpoint, or one's situation in life

同意

doui — Agreement, consent, or approval of a proposal

ところ

tokoro — Place, point, or circumstance; just about to

私

watashi — I, me; first-person singular pronoun

思う

omou — To think, to feel, to believe something

それゆえ

soreyue — Therefore, for that reason, consequently

国家

kokka — The state, nation as a political entity

健全

kenzen — Healthy, sound, in good condition overall

有益

yuueki — Beneficial, useful, or producing good results

構成員

kouseiin — Member, constituent part of an organization

公正

kousei — Fair, just, impartial in treatment or judgment

安価

anka — Cheap, inexpensive, low in cost or price

容易

youi — Easy, simple, not requiring much effort

方法

houhou — Method, way, or means of doing something

見つけ出し

mitsukeidashi — Finding out, discovering something that was hidden

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb indicating completed action

者

mono — Person, one who does or is something

救済者

kyuusaisha — Savior, rescuer, one who saves others

として

to shite — As, in the capacity or role of something

像

zou — Statue, image, or sculptural representation

建て

tate — Building, erecting a structure or monument

られる

rareru — Passive auxiliary indicating action done to subject

ほど

hodo — To the extent that, as much as something

対して

taishite — Toward, in relation to, against something or someone

貢献

kouken — Contribution, service rendered for a greater cause

果たし

hatashi — Fulfilling, accomplishing a duty or task

言える

ieru — Can say, be able to assert something truthfully

あろう

arou — Probably is; volitional or presumptive form of aru