A Modest Proposal: For preventing the children of poor people in Ireland, from being a burden on their parents or country, and for making them beneficial to the publick — Page 14

Vocabulary

Portanto

por-TAN-too — Therefore; used to introduce a logical conclusion.

que

keh — That, which, or what; very common connector word.

ninguém

nin-GENG — Nobody, no one; refers to absence of any person.

me

meh — Me; first-person singular object pronoun.

fale

FAH-leh — Speak; subjunctive/imperative form of falar.

de

deh — Of, from; very common Portuguese preposition.

outros

OH-troos — Others; masculine plural of outro meaning other.

expedientes

ex-peh-dee-EN-tes — Expedients; means or methods used to achieve goals.

De

deh — Of, from; preposition starting a new clause here.

tributar

tree-boo-TAR — To tax; to impose a financial levy on something.

os

oosh — The; masculine plural definite article in Portuguese.

nossos

NOH-soos — Our; masculine plural possessive pronoun in Portuguese.

ausentes

ow-ZEN-tes — Absent ones; people who are not present or away.

em

eng — In, at, on; common Portuguese preposition of location.

cinco

SEEN-koo — Five; the cardinal number between four and six.

por

por — By, per, for; common Portuguese preposition of means.

libra

LEE-bra — Pound; unit of currency or weight measurement.

não

nowng — No, not; primary negation word in Portuguese.

usar

oo-ZAR — To use; to make use of something or someone.

nem

neng — Nor, neither; negation connecting two refused options.

roupas

HOH-pas — Clothes; garments worn on the body, plural form.

mobiliário

mo-bee-lee-AH-ree-oo — Furniture; movable objects used to furnish a space.

doméstico

do-MES-tee-koo — Domestic; relating to the home or household.

exceto

ex-SEH-too — Except; excluding a particular item or case.

o

oo — The; masculine singular definite article in Portuguese.

for

for — Be; future subjunctive form of ser in Portuguese.

nossa

NOH-sa — Our; feminine singular possessive pronoun in Portuguese.

própria

PROH-pree-a — Own; emphasizing personal ownership, feminine singular form.

produção

pro-doo-SOWNG — Production; the act of making or manufacturing goods.

e

ee — And; the most basic coordinating conjunction in Portuguese.

manufatura

ma-noo-fa-TOO-ra — Manufacture; goods made by industrial or artisanal processes.

rejeitar

heh-zhay-TAR — To reject; to refuse to accept or use something.

completamente

kom-pleh-ta-MEN-teh — Completely; in an entirely thorough or total manner.

materiais

ma-teh-ree-AH-ees — Materials; substances or items used in making things.

instrumentos

ins-troo-MEN-toos — Instruments; tools or devices used for a purpose.

promovem

pro-MOH-veng — Promote; third-person plural present of promover.

luxo

LOO-shoo — Luxury; great comfort and extravagance beyond necessity.

estrangeiro

es-tran-ZHAY-roo — Foreign; belonging to or coming from another country.

curar

koo-RAR — To cure; to heal or remedy a problem or illness.

a

a — The; feminine singular definite article in Portuguese.

extravagância

ex-tra-va-GAN-see-a — Extravagance; excessive spending or wasteful indulgence.

do

doo — Of the; contraction of de + o in Portuguese.

orgulho

or-GOOL-yoo — Pride; feeling of deep satisfaction or arrogant self-importance.

da

da — Of the; feminine contraction of de + a in Portuguese.

vaidade

vay-DAH-deh — Vanity; excessive pride in one's appearance or achievements.

ociosidade

o-see-o-zee-DAH-deh — Idleness; the state of being habitually lazy or inactive.

dos

doosh — Of the; masculine plural contraction of de + os.

jogos

ZHOH-goos — Games; activities played for entertainment or competition.

nossas

NOH-sas — Our; feminine plural possessive pronoun in Portuguese.

mulheres

mool-YEH-res — Women; adult female persons, plural form in Portuguese.

introduzir

in-tro-doo-ZEER — To introduce; to bring something new into a situation.

uma

OO-ma — A, an; feminine singular indefinite article in Portuguese.

veia

VAY-a — Vein; a streak or disposition running through something.

parcimônia

par-see-MOH-nee-a — Parsimony; extreme carefulness and frugality with resources.

prudência

proo-DEN-see-a — Prudence; careful good judgment in practical matters.

temperança

tem-peh-RAN-sa — Temperance; moderation and self-restraint in behavior.

aprender

a-pren-DER — To learn; to gain knowledge or a new skill.

amar

a-MAR — To love; to feel deep affection for someone or something.

nosso

NOH-soo — Our; masculine singular possessive pronoun in Portuguese.

país

pa-EES — Country; a nation with its own government and territory.

no

noo — In the; masculine contraction of em + o in Portuguese.

qual

kwahl — Which; relative pronoun referring to a previously mentioned noun.

diferimos

dee-feh-REE-moos — We differ; first-person plural of diferir, to differ.

até

a-TEH — Until, even; preposition indicating limit or emphasis.

mesmo

MEZ-moo — Even, same; used for emphasis or comparison in Portuguese.

habitantes

a-bee-TAN-tes — Inhabitants; people who live in a particular place.

abandonar

a-ban-do-NAR — To abandon; to give up or leave something behind entirely.

animosidades

a-nee-mo-zee-DAH-des — Animosities; strong hostilities or bitter feelings between people.

facções

fak-SOHNGS — Factions; opposing groups within a larger organization.

agir

a-ZHEER — To act; to take action or behave in a certain way.

mais

mahys — More; indicating greater degree or additional quantity.

como

KOH-moo — Like, as, how; conjunction or adverb of comparison.

se

seh — If, oneself; conditional conjunction or reflexive pronoun.

matavam

ma-TAH-vang — Were killing; past imperfect of matar, to kill.

uns

oonsh — Some, ones; masculine plural indefinite pronoun in Portuguese.

aos

owsh — To the; masculine plural contraction of a + os.

exato

eh-ZAH-too — Exact; precisely accurate, without error or approximation.

momento

mo-MEN-too — Moment; a very brief or specific point in time.

sua

SOO-a — His, her, its, your; feminine singular possessive pronoun.

cidade

see-DAH-deh — City; a large and important urban settlement or town.

foi

foy — Was, went; past tense of ser or ir in Portuguese.

tomada

to-MAH-da — Taken; past participle of tomar, seized or captured.

ser

ser — To be; primary verb of permanent identity in Portuguese.

um

oom — A, one; masculine singular indefinite article in Portuguese.

pouco

POH-koo — A little, few; indicating a small amount or degree.

cauteloso

kow-teh-LOH-zoo — Cautious; careful to avoid danger or unwanted consequences.

para

PAH-ra — For, to; preposition indicating purpose or destination.

vender

ven-DER — To sell; to exchange goods or services for money.

consciências

kon-see-EN-see-as — Consciences; inner moral senses of right and wrong.

nada

NAH-da — Nothing; not any thing at all, complete absence.

ensinar

en-see-NAR — To teach; to instruct or impart knowledge to someone.

proprietários

pro-pree-eh-TAH-ree-oos — Proprietors; owners of property, land, or a business.

terras

TEH-has — Lands; areas of ground or territory, plural form.

ter

ter — To have; to possess or hold something in Portuguese.

ao

ow — To the; masculine singular contraction of a + o.

menos

MEH-noos — Less, least; indicating smaller degree or minimum amount.

grau

graw — Degree; a level or measure of something abstract.

misericórdia

mee-zeh-ree-KOR-dee-a — Mercy; compassion shown toward someone in difficulty.

com

kong — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means.

seus

SAYSH — His, her, their, your; masculine plural possessive pronoun.

inquilinos

in-kee-LEE-noos — Tenants; people who rent property from a landlord.

Por

por — By, for; preposition used in many common expressions.

último

OOL-tee-moo — Last; final in a sequence or most recent occurrence.

incutir

in-koo-TEER — To instill; to gradually introduce a feeling or idea.

espírito

es-PEE-ree-too — Spirit; an attitude, mood, or immaterial essence within someone.

honestidade

o-nes-tee-DAH-deh — Honesty; the quality of being truthful and morally upright.

diligência

dee-lee-ZHEN-see-a — Diligence; careful and persistent effort in work.

habilidade

a-bee-lee-DAH-deh — Skill, ability; capacity to perform a task well.

comerciantes

ko-mer-see-AN-tes — Merchants; people who buy and sell goods for profit.

quais

kwahys — Which; plural relative pronoun referring to multiple nouns.

resolução

heh-zo-loo-SOWNG — Resolution; a firm decision or determination to do something.

pudesse

poo-DEH-seh — Could; past subjunctive form of poder, expressing possibility.

agora

a-GOH-ra — Now; at the present moment in time.

comprar

kom-PRAR — To buy; to purchase goods or services with money.

apenas

a-PEH-nas — Only, just; limiting to nothing more than stated.

produtos

pro-DOO-toos — Products; goods made or grown for sale or use.

nativos

na-TEE-voos — Native; originating naturally in a particular place or country.

uniriam

oo-nee-REE-ang — Would unite; conditional of unir, to join together.

imediatamente

ee-meh-dee-a-ta-MEN-teh — Immediately; without any delay, at once, right away.

nos

noosh — Us; first-person plural object or reflexive pronoun.

enganar

en-ga-NAR — To deceive; to trick or mislead someone dishonestly.

extorquir

ex-tor-KEER — To extort; to obtain something through force or threats.

preço

PREH-soo — Price; the amount of money required to buy something.

na

na — In the; feminine contraction of em + a in Portuguese.

medida

meh-DEE-da — Measure; degree or extent of something being evaluated.

qualidade

kwa-lee-DAH-deh — Quality; degree of excellence or standard of something.

jamais

zha-MAHYS — Never, ever; emphatic negation referring to any time.

puderam

poo-DEH-rang — Could; past tense third-person plural of poder.

levados

leh-VAH-doos — Led, taken; past participle of levar, to lead.

fazer

fa-ZER — To do, to make; very common basic Portuguese verb.

proposta

pro-POHS-ta — Proposal; a formal suggestion or offer made to someone.

justa

ZHOOS-ta — Fair, just; correct and equitable, feminine singular form.

negociação

neh-go-see-a-SOWNG — Negotiation; discussion aimed at reaching a mutual agreement.

honesta

o-NES-ta — Honest; truthful and fair, feminine singular adjective form.

embora

em-BOH-ra — Although, even though; conjunction introducing a concession.

frequentemente

freh-kwen-teh-MEN-teh — Frequently; happening often or at short regular intervals.

insistência

in-sees-TEN-see-a — Insistence; persistent demands or emphasis on a point.

convidados

kon-vee-DAH-doos — Invited; past participle of convidar, those invited.

isso

EE-soo — That; neuter demonstrative pronoun referring to something nearby.

repito

heh-PEE-too — I repeat; first-person singular present of repetir.

destes

DES-tes — Of these; masculine plural contraction of de + estes.

semelhantes

seh-meh-LYAN-tes — Similar; alike in nature or characteristics, plural form.

tenha

TEN-ya — Have; present subjunctive form of ter in Portuguese.

vislumbre

veez-LOOM-breh — Glimpse; a faint or brief perception or sign of something.

esperança

es-peh-RAN-sa — Hope; a feeling of expectation and desire for good.

algum

al-GOOM — Some, any; masculine singular indefinite adjective or pronoun.

dia

DEE-a — Day; a period of twenty-four hours from midnight.

haverá

a-veh-RAH — There will be; future tense of haver in Portuguese.

tentativa

ten-ta-TEE-va — Attempt; an effort to accomplish something, possibly unsuccessful.

sincera

sin-SEH-ra — Sincere; genuine and honest, feminine singular adjective form.

genuína

zheh-NOO-ee-na — Genuine; truly authentic and real, feminine singular form.

colocá-los

ko-lo-KAH-loosh — To put them; to place or implement a set of ideas.

prática

PRAH-tee-ka — Practice; the actual application or use of an idea.