A Modest Proposal: For preventing the children of poor people in Ireland, from being a burden on their parents or country, and for making them beneficial to the publick — Page 2

Vocabulary

但

dàn — But, however; introduces a contrasting clause.

我

wǒ — I, me; first-person singular pronoun.

的

de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification.

意图

yìtú — Intention, purpose; what one aims to achieve.

远

yuǎn — Far, distant; by a large margin.

不止

bùzhǐ — Not limited to; more than a certain amount.

于

yú — At, in, to; classical preposition indicating location or scope.

仅仅

jǐnjǐn — Merely, only; emphasizes a small or limited extent.

为

wèi — For, on behalf of; indicates purpose or beneficiary.

公开

gōngkāi — Public, open; done openly without concealment.

乞讨者

qǐtǎozhě — Beggar; person who solicits charity from others.

子女

zǐnǚ — Children, sons and daughters; one's offspring.

提供

tígōng — To provide, supply; offer something for use.

帮助

bāngzhù — Help, assistance; support given to someone.

其

qí — Its, their; third-person possessive pronoun (formal).

范围

fànwéi — Scope, range; the extent or boundary of something.

要

yào — To want; will; must; indicates necessity or future.

广泛

guǎngfàn — Wide, broad, extensive; covering a large area or scope.

得多

deduō — Much more; indicates a significantly greater degree.

将

jiāng — Will, shall; indicates future tense (formal).

涵盖

hángài — To cover, encompass; include within a range.

所有

suǒyǒu — All, every; refers to the entirety of something.

达到

dádào — To reach, attain; achieve a certain level or goal.

一定

yīdìng — A certain, fixed; definite amount or degree.

年龄

niánlíng — Age; the number of years a person has lived.

婴儿

yīng'ér — Infant, baby; very young child not yet walking.

这些

zhèxiē — These; refers to a group of nearby things or people.

父母

fùmǔ — Parents; father and mother collectively.

实际上

shíjìshàng — In fact, actually; indicates the true situation.

与

yǔ — And, with; connects nouns or clauses (formal).

那些

nàxiē — Those; refers to a group of distant things or people.

在

zài — At, in, on; indicates location or ongoing action.

街头

jiētóu — Street corner, roadside; public streets in a city.

向

xiàng — Toward, to; indicates direction of an action.

我们

wǒmen — We, us; first-person plural pronoun.

乞讨

qǐtǎo — To beg; ask strangers for money or food.

施舍

shīshě — Alms, charity; giving money or food to the needy.

人

rén — Person, people; human being.

一样

yīyàng — Same, alike; identical in nature or degree.

几乎

jīhū — Almost, nearly; very close to but not quite.

没有

méiyǒu — Do not have; there is no; negates possession or existence.

能力

nénglì — Ability, capability; power to do something.

抚养

fǔyǎng — To raise, bring up; care for a child until adulthood.

他们

tāmen — They, them; third-person plural pronoun.

就

jiù — As for, then; indicates focus or logical consequence.

自己

zìjǐ — Oneself, self; reflexive pronoun referring to the subject.

而言

éryán — As for, speaking of; formal phrase indicating perspective.

多年来

duō nián lái — For many years; over a long period of time.

一直

yīzhí — Always, continuously; without stopping or changing.

思考

sīkǎo — To think deeply, ponder; reflect carefully on a problem.

这一

zhè yī — This; specifies a particular item or issue (formal).

重要

zhòngyào — Important, significant; of great value or consequence.

问题

wèntí — Question, problem, issue; matter requiring attention.

并

bìng — And, also; connects parallel actions or clauses (formal).

仔细

zǐxì — Careful, thorough; paying close attention to details.

权衡

quánhéng — To weigh, balance; compare options before deciding.

了

le — Particle indicating completed action or changed state.

各位

gèwèi — Everyone, all of you; respectful plural address.

规划者

guīhuàzhě — Planner; person who designs or organizes schemes.

提出

tíchū — To put forward, propose; raise an idea or suggestion.

种种

zhǒngzhǒng — Various, all sorts of; many different kinds.

方案

fāng'àn — Plan, scheme; a proposed course of action.

始终

shǐzhōng — Always, from start to finish; consistently throughout.

发现

fāxiàn — To discover, find; realize or notice something.

计算

jìsuàn — Calculation; the act of computing or figuring numbers.

上

shàng — On, above; in the area of; used after nouns for aspect.

存在

cúnzài — To exist; there is; the state of being present.

严重

yánzhòng — Serious, severe; of great negative significance.

错误

cuòwù — Error, mistake; something incorrectly done or calculated.

诚然

chéngrán — Admittedly, it is true; concedes a point before contrasting.

一个

yīgè — One, a; basic numeral-measure word combination.

刚刚

gānggāng — Just now, just; very recently; immediately before.

离开

líkāi — To leave, depart; move away from a place or person.

母体

mǔtǐ — Mother's body, womb; the body from which offspring emerges.

孩子

háizi — Child, kid; young person or one's offspring.

可以

kěyǐ — Can, may; indicates permission or possibility.

靠

kào — To rely on, depend on; lean against something.

母乳

mǔrǔ — Breast milk; milk produced by a mother for her infant.

喂养

wèiyǎng — To feed, nourish; provide food to sustain a child.

不需要

bù xūyào — Do not need; no requirement for something.

其他

qítā — Other, else; different from what was mentioned.

营养

yíngyǎng — Nutrition, nourishment; substances needed for health.

花费

huāfèi — Cost, expense; money spent on something.

至多

zhìduō — At most; the maximum possible amount or degree.

不超过

bù chāoguò — Not exceeding; does not go beyond a certain amount.

两

liǎng — Two; used before measure words for the number two.

价值

jiàzhí — Value, worth; the monetary or moral worth of something.

而

ér — And, but, while; connects contrasting or sequential clauses.

母亲

mǔqīn — Mother; female parent of a child.

通过

tōngguò — Through, by means of; achieve something via a method.

合法

héfǎ — Legal, lawful; in accordance with the law.

职业

zhíyè — Occupation, profession; one's regular paid work.

必定

bìdìng — Certainly, surely; bound to happen without doubt.

能够

nénggòu — Be able to, can; have the capacity to do something.

获得

huòdé — To obtain, gain; successfully acquire something.

这笔

zhè bǐ — This sum; refers to a specific amount of money.

钱

qián — Money; currency used for transactions.

或

huò — Or; indicates an alternative option.

以

yǐ — With, by means of; classical preposition indicating manner.

残羹剩饭

cán gēng shèng fàn — Leftovers, scraps; food remaining after a meal.

形式

xíngshì — Form, format; the shape or manner of something.

等值

děngzhí — Equivalent value; equal in worth to something else.

正是

zhèngshì — Exactly, precisely; emphasizes that something is the case.

满

mǎn — Full; to reach a complete amount, as in age.

一周岁

yī zhōusuì — One full year old; completing the first year of life.

提议

tíyì — To propose, suggest; put forward a recommendation.

这样

zhèyàng — Like this, in this way; in such a manner.

一种

yī zhǒng — A kind of, a type of; introduces a category.

方式

fāngshì — Method, way, manner; how something is done.

来

lái — To come; used after verb to indicate purpose.

安置

ānzhì — To place, settle, arrange; find a suitable place for someone.

使

shǐ — To cause, make; bring about a result.

非但

fēidàn — Not only; used with negation for emphasis in contrast.

不会

bùhuì — Will not, won't; indicates something is unlikely to occur.

成为

chéngwéi — To become; transform into something else.

负担

fùdān — Burden, load; a heavy responsibility or financial strain.

也

yě — Also, too; adds information parallel to previous clause.

余生

yúshēng — Remainder of life; the rest of one's lifetime.

中

zhōng — In, within, among; indicates being inside something.

缺衣少食

quē yī shǎo shí — Lacking clothing and food; living in extreme poverty.

反而

fǎn'ér — On the contrary, instead; result opposite to expectation.

数以千计

shù yǐ qiān jì — Numbering in the thousands; an enormous quantity.

食物

shíwù — Food; substances eaten for nourishment.

程度上

chéngdùshàng — To some extent; at a certain level or degree.

解决

jiějué — To solve, resolve; deal with a problem successfully.

衣着

yīzhuó — Clothing, attire; garments worn on the body.

还有

háiyǒu — Also, there is also; introduces an additional point.

另一

lìng yī — Another, one more; a different additional item.

大

dà — Big, great; large in size or significance.

优点

yōudiǎn — Advantage, merit; a positive quality or benefit.

那就是

nà jiùshì — That is, namely; introduces a specific explanation.

它

tā — It; third-person pronoun for objects or animals.

防止

fángzhǐ — To prevent; stop something undesirable from happening.

人为

rénwéi — Artificial, man-made; caused intentionally by humans.

堕胎

duòtāi — Abortion; deliberate termination of a pregnancy.

行为

xíngwéi — Behavior, act, conduct; an action performed by someone.

以及

yǐjí — As well as, and; connects items in a list (formal).

妇女

fùnǚ — Women; adult females, especially in social context.

残杀

cánshā — To massacre, slaughter; kill cruelly and violently.

那种

nà zhǒng — That kind of, that sort of; refers to a specific type.

可怕

kěpà — Terrible, frightening; causing fear or horror.

恶行

èxíng — Evil deed, wicked act; morally reprehensible behavior.

唉

āi — Alas, sigh; exclamation expressing sorrow or regret.