A Study in Scarlet — Page 1

Vocabulary

氏

shi — Mr./Ms.; formal honorific title for a person.

年

nen — Year; used as a counter for years.

私

watashi — I; first-person singular pronoun.

は

wa — Topic marker particle indicating the sentence topic.

大学

daigaku — University; institution of higher education.

で

de — At/in; particle indicating location of an action.

医学

igaku — Medical science; the study of medicine.

博士

hakase / hakushi — Doctor; holder of a doctoral degree.

号

gō — Degree; title or designation conferred officially.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating the direct object.

取得

shutoku — Acquisition; obtaining a qualification or license.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of する; and/then (connecting actions).

陸軍

rikugun — Army; land-based military forces.

の

no — Possessive/linking particle connecting nouns.

外科

geka — Surgery; branch of medicine involving operations.

医

i — Doctor; physician or medical practitioner.

に

ni — To/as; particle indicating direction, role, or purpose.

定め

sadame — Determination; deciding or setting something officially.

られ

rare — Passive auxiliary; indicates action done to the subject.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending.

課程

katei — Course; academic program or curriculum.

修了

shūryō — Completion; finishing a course or program.

する

suru — To do; general-purpose action verb.

ため

tame — For the purpose of; in order to do something.

へ

e — To; directional particle indicating movement toward a place.

赴い

omomui — Proceeded; traveled to a destination, often formal.

そこ

soko — There; refers to a previously mentioned place.

後

nochi / go — After; following a certain event or time.

正式

seishiki — Official; formal and proper in status or manner.

第五

daigo — Fifth; ordinal number indicating fifth position.

槍

yari — Spear; a long pointed weapon used in combat.

騎兵

kihei — Cavalry; soldiers who fight on horseback.

連隊

rentai — Regiment; a military unit larger than a battalion.

軍医

gunʼi — Military doctor; physician serving in the armed forces.

助手

joshu — Assistant; a person who helps another in their work.

と

to — And/as; particle for listing or indicating a role.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential actions.

配属

haizoku — Assignment; being assigned to a particular post or unit.

さ

sa — Passive/causative suffix connecting to auxiliary verb.

れ

re — Passive auxiliary verb form; receiving an action.

その

sono — That; demonstrative adjective referring to something nearby.

当時

tōji — At that time; referring to a specific past period.

駐屯

chūton — Garrison; stationing troops at a particular location.

おり

ori — Was/were; polite progressive/existential verb form.

が

ga — Subject marker particle or conjunctive 'but'.

合流

gōryū — Joining up; merging with a group or stream.

前

mae — Before; prior to an event or in front of something.

第

dai — Ordinal prefix; used to form numbered sequences.

二次

niji — Second; second occurrence or iteration of something.

戦争

sensō — War; large-scale armed conflict between nations.

勃発

boppatsu — Outbreak; sudden eruption of war or conflict.

い

i — Existential verb stem; being, existing.

上陸

jōriku — Landing; coming ashore from a ship.

際

sai — On the occasion of; at the time of an event.

部隊

butai — Unit; a military group or troop formation.

山道

yamamichi — Mountain path; a road or trail through mountains.

越え

koe — Crossing over; passing across a mountain or barrier.

進軍

shingun — Advance; moving military forces forward toward enemy.

すでに

sudeni — Already; something has occurred before expected time.

敵地

tekichi — Enemy territory; land controlled by opposing forces.

奥深く

okufukaku — Deep within; far into the interior of a place.

入っ

hait(te) — Entered; moved into or penetrated a place.

いる

iru — To be; existential verb for animate beings.

こと

koto — Fact/thing; nominalizer turning verbs into noun phrases.

知っ

shit(te) — Knew/knowing; having knowledge of something.

しかし

shikashi — However; conjunction expressing contrast or contradiction.

同じ

onaji — Same; identical or similar in nature or quality.

状況

jōkyō — Situation; the current state of affairs or circumstances.

あっ

at(te) — Was/being; conjunctive form of ある (to be/exist).

多く

ōku — Many; a large number or quantity of things.

将校

shōkō — Officer; a commissioned officer in the military.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.

とも

tomo — Together with; alongside others.

追い

oi — Chasing; pursuing or following something quickly.

無事

buji — Safely; without harm or incident, successfully.

到達

tōtatsu — Reaching; arriving at a destination or goal.

でき

deki — Could/was able to; potential form of できる.

自分

jibun — Oneself; referring to one's own self reflexively.

直ちに

tadachi ni — Immediately; without delay, right away.

新た

arata — New; fresh or renewed in nature or status.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

職務

shokumu — Duty; official responsibilities or job obligations.

就い

tsui(te) — Took up; assumed a position or role formally.

戦役

sen'eki — Campaign; a military operation or series of battles.

者

mono / sha — Person; suffix indicating a person with a role.

名誉

meiyo — Honor; distinction or prestige earned through achievement.

昇進

shōshin — Promotion; advancement to a higher rank or position.

もたらし

motarashi — Brought about; caused or produced a result.

とっ

tot(te) — For; taking; (as for) from one's perspective.

不運

fuun — Misfortune; bad luck or an unfortunate circumstance.

災難

sainan — Calamity; a serious disaster or unfortunate event.

しか

shika — Only; limiting particle used with negative predicates.

もたらさ

motarasa — Brought (negative form base); caused a result.

なかっ

nakatt(a) — Did not; past negative auxiliary verb form.

旅団

ryodan — Brigade; a military formation larger than a regiment.

から

kara — From; particle indicating origin, cause, or starting point.

外さ

hazusa — Removed from; detached or excluded from a group.

なり

nari — Became; classical or literary form of になった.

悲惨

hisan — Tragic; extremely miserable or disastrous in nature.

戦い

tatakai — Battle; a fight or conflict between opposing sides.

参加

sanka — Participation; taking part in an event or activity.

銃

jū — Gun; a firearm used as a weapon.

弾丸

dangan — Bullet; a projectile fired from a gun.

肩

kata — Shoulder; the joint connecting arm to torso.

受け

uke — Received; sustained or was hit by something.

骨

hone — Bone; the hard structural tissue of a skeleton.

砕か

kudaka — Shattered; broken into pieces by force.

鎖骨

sakotsu — Collarbone; the clavicle connecting shoulder to sternum.

下

shita / ka — Below/under; beneath in position or rank.

動脈

dōmyaku — Artery; a blood vessel carrying blood from the heart.

かすめ

kasume — Grazed; barely touched or skimmed past something.

従卒

jūsotsu — Orderly; a soldier assigned to serve an officer.

示し

shimeshi — Showed; demonstrated a quality or action clearly.

献身

kenshin — Devotion; selfless dedication to a person or cause.

勇気

yūki — Courage; bravery in the face of danger.

なけれ

nakere — If not; conditional negative form of ない.

ば

ba — If; conditional particle expressing hypothetical situations.

凶暴

kyōbō — Ferocious; violent and savage in behavior.

手

te — Hand; the body part at the end of an arm.

落ち

ochi — Falling into; ending up in an undesirable situation.

あろう

arō — Would have been; volitional/speculative form of ある.

彼

kare — He/him; third-person masculine singular pronoun.

荷馬

nima — Pack horse; a horse used to carry loads or cargo.

背

se / せなか (senaka) — Back; the rear side of a body or object.

乗せ

nose — Placed on; loaded or set something onto a surface.

イギリス

Igirisu — Britain/England; the United Kingdom or Great Britain.

軍

gun — Military; armed forces of a nation.

陣地

jinchi — Position; a military base or defensive location.

まで

made — Until/as far as; indicating an extent or limit.

連れ

tsure — Brought along; took someone to a place with you.

戻す

modosu — To return; to bring something back to a place.

成功

seikō — Success; achieving a desired goal or outcome.

だ

da — Is/was; plain form copula indicating a state.