A Study in Scarlet — Page 5

Vocabulary

彼

kare — He; him; third-person masculine pronoun

は

wa — Topic marker particle indicating the subject

解剖学

kaibōgaku — Anatomy; the study of body structure

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target

精通

seitsū — Being well-versed or thoroughly familiar with something

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru; connects clauses or actions

て

te — Conjunctive particle linking verbs or actions

いる

iru — To exist; to be (for animate things)

と

to — Particle meaning 'and', 'with', or quotation marker

思い

omoi — Thought; feeling; belief or impression

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating formality

一流

ichiryū — First-class; top-ranking; elite quality

の

no — Possessive or attributive particle linking nouns

化学者

kagakusha — Chemist; a scientist specializing in chemistry

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or 'as'

も

mo — Particle meaning 'also', 'too', or 'even'

あり

ari — Conjunctive form of aru; to be or exist

しかし

shikashi — However; but; expressing contrast or contradiction

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun

知る

shiru — To know; to become aware of something

限り

kagiri — As far as; limit; to the extent of

体系的

taikeiteki — Systematic; organized according to a structured plan

な

na — Adjectival particle connecting na-adjectives to nouns

医学

igaku — Medicine; the study and practice of medical science

授業

jugyō — Class; lesson; formal academic instruction

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object

受け

uke — To receive; to take (a class or test)

た

ta — Past tense verb ending; indicates completed action

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases

一度

ichido — Once; one time; a single occasion

ませ

mase — Polite negative auxiliary verb stem (ません)

ん

n — Negative ending; contraction of ない or ぬ

研究

kenkyū — Research; study; academic or scientific investigation

とりとめ

toritome — Coherence; consistency; used in とりとめない (rambling)

なく

naku — Negating adverb form; without; not having

風変わり

fūgawari — Eccentric; odd; unconventionally unusual in character

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is', 'am', or 'are'

が

ga — Subject marker or conjunctive particle meaning 'but'

教授

kyōju — Professor; university faculty member of high rank

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings

驚かせる

odorokaseru — To surprise; to astonish someone intentionally

よう

yō — Like; in a way that; expressing manner or aim

奇抜

kibatsu — Bizarre; strikingly original or outlandish in nature

知識

chishiki — Knowledge; information acquired through learning

大量

tairyō — Large quantity; a great amount of something

蓄え

takuwae — Savings; stored supply; accumulated reserve

い

i — Conjunctive or stem form of iru or i-adjectives

何

nani / nani — What; which; interrogative pronoun for things

目指し

mezashi — Aiming for; targeting; aspiring toward a goal

か

ka — Question particle placed at end of sentences

尋ね

tazune — To ask; to inquire; to question someone

なかっ

nakatt(a) — Past negative form; did not; was not

聞い

kiī — To listen; to ask; conjunctive form of 聞く

いいえ

iie — No; a polite negative response

気

ki — Spirit; mood; feeling; inclination or mind

向い

mukai — Facing; turning toward; inclined in a direction

とき

toki — Time; moment; when a certain situation occurs

十分

jūbun — Sufficient; enough; adequately; fully satisfactory

話し

hanashi — Talk; story; speech; act of speaking

くれ

kure — Give (to me); imperative of くれる (to give)

普段

fudan — Usually; ordinarily; in everyday circumstances

打ち解け

uchitoke — To open up; to become friendly or relaxed with someone

させる

saseru — Causative form; to make or let someone do something

簡単

kantan — Simple; easy; not difficult or complicated

人物

jinbutsu — Person; individual; character of notable standing

ぜひ

zehi — By all means; definitely; strongly desired

お会い

oai — Polite form of meeting someone in person

たい

tai — Desire suffix; want to do something

もの

mono — Thing; object; also expresses emotion or longing

言っ

itt(e) — Said; conjunctive past form of 言う (to say)

もし

moshi — If; supposing that; conditional opener

誰か

dareka — Someone; anybody; an unspecified person

同居

dōkyo — Living together; sharing a residence with someone

する

suru — To do; general-purpose action verb

なら

nara — If; conditional particle implying a given situation

勉強

benkyō — Study; learning; academic effort

熱心

nesshin — Enthusiastic; zealous; eager and hardworking

物静か

monoshizuka — Quiet; calm; gentle and unobtrusive in manner

人

hito — Person; human being; individual

いい

ii — Good; fine; nice; acceptable

ね

ne — Sentence-final particle seeking agreement or softening

まだ

mada — Still; yet; not yet; continuing state

騒音

sōon — Noise; loud disruptive sound in the environment

や

ya — And; lists items loosely; also sentence-final particle

興奮

kōfun — Excitement; agitation; being stirred up emotionally

耐える

taeru — To endure; to withstand; to tolerate hardship

ほど

hodo — To the extent that; about; degree or limit

丈夫

jōbu — Sturdy; healthy; robust; physically strong

その

sono — That; demonstrative pronoun referring to nearby thing

両方

ryōhō — Both; the two sides or options together

残り

nokori — Remainder; what is left over; the rest

生涯

shōgai — Lifetime; one's entire life span

すぎる

sugiru — To exceed; too much; going beyond a limit

経験

keiken — Experience; personal knowledge gained through events

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary; part of ました conjugation

から

kara — From; because; after; indicating cause or origin

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun (polite)

ご友人

goyūjin — Your friend (honorific, respectful form)

どう

dō — How; in what way; asking manner or condition

すれ

sure — Conditional form of する (if one does)

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'

でき

deki — Can do; be able to; potential form stem

る

ru — Dictionary-form verb ending (ichidan verbs)

でしょ

deshō — Probably; I suppose; conjecture or soft assertion

う

u — Volitional or conjectural verb ending

きっと

kitto — Surely; certainly; with strong expectation

実験室

jikkenshitsu — Laboratory; room equipped for scientific experiments

よ

yo — Sentence-final particle asserting or emphasizing information

連れ

tsure — To take along; to bring someone with you

答え

kotae — Answer; response; reply to a question

週間

shūkan — Week; period of seven days

場所

basho — Place; location; spot or area

避ける

sakeru — To avoid; to keep away from something

さもなけれ

samonakereba — Otherwise; if not so; or else (formal/literary)

朝

asa — Morning; the early part of the day

晩

ban — Evening; night; the later part of the day

まで

made — Until; up to; as far as a point

働い

hataraī — Worked; conjunctive past form of 働く (to work)

どちら

dochira — Which (of two); polite form of どっち

よろしけれ

yoroshikere — If it is acceptable; conditional of よろしい (polite good)

昼食

chūshoku — Lunch; midday meal

後

ato / go — After; later; behind in time or space

一緒

issho — Together; in company; at the same time

馬車

basha — Horse-drawn carriage; coach pulled by horses

行き

iki — Going; bound for; heading toward a destination

ましょ

mashō — Let's (do); volitional polite form suggestion

もちろん

mochiron — Of course; certainly; naturally without question

会話

kaiwa — Conversation; dialogue; spoken exchange between people

他

hoka — Other; another; different; the rest

話題

wadai — Topic; subject of conversation or discussion

へ

e — Directional particle meaning 'toward' or 'to'

流れ

nagare — Flow; current; stream; the way things proceed

いっ

it(te) — Went; conjunctive past form of 行く (to go)

出

de — To exit; to appear; to come out of

病院

byōin — Hospital; medical facility for treating patients

向かう

mukau — To head toward; to face in a direction

途中

tochū — On the way; in the middle of a journey

同居人

dōkyonin — Roommate; person sharing a living space

しよう

shiyō — Let's do; volitional form of する (to do)

考え

kangae — Thought; idea; opinion; way of thinking

紳士

shinshi — Gentleman; a refined, well-mannered man

つい

tsui — Unintentionally; just; before one realizes

さらに

sara ni — Furthermore; even more; in addition to

いくつか

ikutsuka — Some; several; a few (of something)

詳細

shōsai — Details; particulars; specific information about something