A Tale of Two Cities — Page 10

Vocabulary

彼

kare — He; that man; third-person masculine pronoun.

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.

自分

jibun — Oneself; refers to the speaker or subject.

自身

jishin — Oneself; emphasis on the person themselves.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

正直

shoujiki — Honest; truthful; straightforward in character.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

商人

shounin — Merchant; trader; person who sells goods.

と

to — Particle meaning 'as' or 'and'; quotation marker.

称する

shousuru — To call oneself; to claim a title or name.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle in Japanese.

好き

suki — Like; fond of; having a preference for something.

で

de — Particle indicating location, means, or cause.

あっ

a(tte) — Conjugated form of aru; to be or exist.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending in Japanese.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or time.

も

mo — Also; even; too; inclusive particle in Japanese.

かかわら

kakawara(zu) — Stem of despite; regardless of a situation.

ず

zu — Negative verb ending meaning without doing something.

それ

sore — That; refers to something near the listener.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the subject discussed.

ほとんど

hotondo — Almost; hardly; nearly all or nothing.

商売

shoubai — Business; trade; commercial activity or transaction.

呼べ

yobe — Potential or imperative form of yobu, to call.

ない

nai — Negative form; does not exist or is not.

もの

mono — Thing; object; something tangible or abstract.

だっ

da(tte) — Casual past copula; it was; connective form.

道具

dougu — Tool; instrument; equipment used for a task.

背もたれ

semotare — Backrest; the back support of a chair.

壊れ

koware — Broken; damaged; in a state of disrepair.

椅子

isu — Chair; seat; furniture for sitting.

切り詰め

kiritsume — To cut down; trim; reduce by cutting.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential verb actions.

作っ

tsuku(tte) — Made; constructed; conjunctive form of tsukuru.

木

ki — Wood; tree; timber material from trees.

腰掛け

koshikake — Stool; simple seat without back support.

その

sono — That; the; demonstrative adjective modifying a noun.

幼い

osanai — Young; infantile; very small child or juvenile.

毎朝

maiasa — Every morning; each morning without exception.

父親

chichioya — Father; one's male parent.

傍ら

katawara — Beside; alongside; next to someone or something.

歩き

aruki — Walking; the act of moving on foot.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneous action conjunction.

最も

mottomo — Most; extremely; superlative degree adverb.

近い

chikai — Near; close; not far in distance.

銀行

ginkou — Bank; financial institution for money transactions.

窓

mado — Window; opening in a wall with glass.

下

shita — Below; under; the lower position or area.

まで

made — Until; up to; as far as a point.

運ん

hako(nde) — Carried; transported; conjunctive form of hakobu.

いっ

i(tte) — Going; conjunctive form of iku, to go.

そこ

soko — There; that place; a location near listener.

通りかかる

toorikakaru — To happen to pass by a place.

乗り物

norimono — Vehicle; conveyance; any mode of transportation.

から

kara — From; because; particle indicating origin or cause.

拾い集め

hiroi atsume — To gather up; collect scattered items together.

最初

saisho — First; the beginning; earliest in a sequence.

ひとつかみ

hitotsukemi — A handful; one grasp of something held.

藁

wara — Straw; dried stalks of grain plants.

何でも屋

nandemo-ya — Jack-of-all-trades; someone who does anything.

足

ashi — Foot; leg; lower limb of the body.

寒さ

samusa — Cold; coldness; the feeling of low temperature.

湿気

Humidity; moisture; dampness in the air.

守る

mamoru — To protect; defend; guard someone or something.

ため

tame — For the sake of; in order to achieve.

加える

kuwaeru — To add; to include; to supplement something.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer turning verbs into nouns.

その日

sonohi — That day; on the day in question.

形成

keisei — Formation; forming; creating a shape or structure.

さ

sa — Nominalizing suffix or casual sentence-ending particle.

れる

reru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb ending.

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective for nearby noun.

持ち場

mochiba — Post; one's assigned station or position.

おい

oi — Hey; casual exclamation to get attention.

そのもの

sono mono — Itself; the very thing; exactly that entity.

同じ

onaji — Same; identical; equal in nature or quality.

くらい

kurai — About; approximately; to the extent of something.

広く

hiroku — Widely; broadly; adverb form of wide.

知ら

shira — Stem of shiru; to know or be aware.

れ

re — Passive verb suffix indicating an action received.

おり

ori — Humble or neutral form of iru; to be.

また

mata — Also; again; furthermore; additionally in a sentence.

ほぼ

hobo — Almost; approximately; nearly completely.

内側

uchigawa — Inside; inner side; interior of something.

向い

mukai — Facing; opposite direction; turned toward something.

いる

iru — To be; to exist; used for animate beings.

よう

you — Seems like; appears; manner or resemblance.

九時

kuji — Nine o'clock; the ninth hour of the day.

十五分前

juugofun mae — Fifteen minutes before; a quarter to the hour.

張り

hari — Setting up; spreading; pitching a camp.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward somewhere.

入っ

hai(tte) — Entered; going in; conjunctive form of hairu.

いく

iku — To go; to move toward a destination.

老人

roujin — Old person; elderly man; aged individual.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.

三角

sankaku — Triangle; triangular shape; three-cornered form.

帽子

boushi — Hat; cap; head covering of any style.

挨拶

aisatsu — Greeting; salutation; polite acknowledgment of someone.

する

suru — To do; to perform; general-purpose action verb.

十分

juubun — Sufficient; enough; adequate amount of something.

時間

jikan — Time; hours; duration of a period.

もっ

mo(tte) — Having; holding; conjunctive form of motsu.

風

kaze — Wind; breeze; moving air in the atmosphere.

強い

tsuyoi — Strong; powerful; forceful in nature or degree.

三月

sangatsu — March; the third month of the year.

朝

asa — Morning; the early part of the day.

就い

tsui — Taking up; assuming a post or position.

立っ

ta(tte) — Standing; conjunctive form of tatsu, to stand.

い

i — Abbreviated form of iru; to be present.

通り抜け

toorinuke — Passing through; going from one side to another.

突撃

totsugeki — Charge; assault; rushing forcefully at someone.

行い

okonai — Conduct; deed; action performed by someone.

親切

shinsetsu — Kindness; friendliness; being considerate to others.

目的

mokuteki — Purpose; goal; objective of an action.

とっ

to(tte) — Taking; for; conjunctive form of toru.

小さ

chiisa — Small; little; diminutive in size or scale.

通りすがり

toorisugari — Passing by; a chance encounter while walking.

少年

shounen — Boy; young male; a youth or adolescent.

身体的

shintaiteki — Physical; bodily; relating to the physical body.

精神的

seishinteki — Mental; psychological; relating to the mind.

激しい

hageshii — Intense; violent; fierce in degree or manner.

傷害

shougai — Injury; bodily harm; physical damage to someone.

与える

ataeru — To give; to grant; to inflict on someone.

没頭

bottou — Immersion; absorbed in; devoting oneself completely.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru; doing; and also.

とき

toki — When; time; the moment something occurs.

そう

sou — So; like that; appearing to be a certain way.

互い

tagai — Mutual; each other; reciprocal relationship between two.

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly; severely; to a great negative degree.

似

ni — Resembling; similar to; stem of niru, resemble.

父

chichi — Father; one's own father; male parent.

息子

musuko — Son; one's male child or offspring.

往来

ourai — Street traffic; comings and goings of people.

黙っ

dama(tte) — Silently; without speaking; conjunctive form of damaru.

眺め

nagame — View; gaze; looking at something from a distance.

二人

futari — Two people; a pair or couple of individuals.

頭

atama — Head; the uppermost part of the body.

それぞれ

sorezore — Each; respectively; every one individually.

両目

ryoume — Both eyes; the two eyes together.

近づけ

chikazuke — Bringing close; moving near; imperative of chikazukeru.

一対

itsui — A pair; a couple; two matching items together.

猿

saru — Monkey; primate; ape-like animal.

かなり

kanari — Considerably; quite; fairly; to a notable degree.