Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem — Page 11

Vocabulary

Hat

Has; third person singular of 'haben'

die

The; definite article for feminine or plural nouns

Stärke

Strength; physical or mental power

von

Of, from; common preposition indicating origin or belonging

dreißig

Thirty; the number 30

Männern

Men; dative plural of 'Mann'

Beteiligt

Participates; takes part in an activity

sich

Himself/herself/itself; reflexive pronoun

an

At, on, to; common preposition of location or direction

einem

A, an; dative singular indefinite article

mit

With; preposition indicating accompaniment

Kommt

Comes; third person singular of 'kommen'

gegen

Against; preposition indicating opposition

das

The; definite article for neuter nouns

Monster

Monster; a terrifying or dangerous creature

zu

To, at; preposition or infinitive marker

Hilfe

Help, aid; assistance given to someone in need

Besiegt

Defeats; overcomes an opponent in battle

und

And; basic coordinating conjunction

seine

His; possessive pronoun for masculine owner

Mutter

Mother; female parent

Wird

Becomes, will be; auxiliary or copular verb

danach

Afterwards, after that; temporal adverb

König

King; male ruler of a kingdom

der

The; definite article for masculine or genitive nouns

Versucht

Tries, attempts; makes an effort to do something

im

In the; contraction of 'in dem'

hohen

High, advanced; adjective in inflected form

Alter

Age, old age; number of years lived

einen

A, an; accusative singular indefinite article

Drachen

Dragon; a mythical fire-breathing creature

töten

To kill; to cause the death of someone

wird

Is, becomes; auxiliary verb for passive or future

erschlagen

Slain, struck dead; killed by a blow

großen

Great, large; adjective in inflected form

Ehren

Honours; respect or high esteem given to someone

begraben

Buried; interred in the ground after death

Sein

His; possessive pronoun, or 'to be' as infinitive

usw

Etc.; abbreviation of 'und so weiter' (and so on)

Gegner

Opponent, adversary; someone who fights against another

berühmten

Famous, renowned; well-known in inflected form

Ein

A, an, one; indefinite article or numeral

regiertes

Ruled; governed by a leader, in inflected form

Volk

People, folk, nation; a community or ethnic group

berühmtes

Famous; well-known, in neuter nominative form

Halsband

Necklace, collar; ornamental band worn around the neck

einst

Once, formerly; at a past or future time

den

The; definite article in accusative or dative plural

gehörte

Belonged; was owned by someone in the past

Vorfahre

Ancestor; a person from whom one is descended

anderen

Other, others; different or additional in inflected form

Monstern

Monsters; terrifying creatures, dative plural form

Krieger

Warrior, fighter; a person skilled in combat

getötet

Killed; caused to die, past participle of 'töten'

Dänen

Danes; the Danish people in the Beowulf narrative

Untertanen

Subjects; people under a ruler's authority

seinen

His; possessive pronoun in accusative or dative form

Nachkommen

Descendants; those who come after in a lineage

daher

Therefore, hence; for that reason

oft

Often; frequently, many times

genannt

Called, named; referred to by a particular name

Andere

Other; different, additional names or things

Namen

Names; words used to identify people or things

für

For; preposition indicating purpose or recipient

sie

They, she, them; personal pronoun

sind

Are; third person plural of 'sein'

Vater

Father; male parent

verspottet

Mocks, ridicules; makes fun of someone scornfully

dem

The; definite article in dative masculine or neuter

Helden

Hero, heroes; a person of great courage or legend

des

Of the; genitive definite article for masculine/neuter

Gedichts

Of the poem; genitive of 'Gedicht'

weithin

Far and wide, widely; known over a large area

bekannter

Well-known; famous, in comparative or inflected form

Heiratet

Marries; enters into a marriage relationship

Tochter

Daughter; a female child of a parent

Nachdem

After; conjunction introducing a temporal clause

er

He; third person singular masculine pronoun

hat

Has; third person singular present of 'haben'

flieht

Flees; runs away from danger or consequences

aus

From, out of; preposition indicating origin or exit

seinem

His; possessive pronoun in dative masculine form

Land

Land, country; territory or nation

vor

Before, in front of; preposition of time or place

Schwester

Sister; a female sibling

wahrscheinlich

Probably, likely; with reasonable certainty

Gattin

Wife, spouse; a married woman

Schweden

Sweden/Swedes; the country or its people

unter

Under, among; preposition of position or subordination

letzter

Last; final in a sequence or series

Kampf

Battle, fight, struggle; a physical or figurative conflict

stattfand

Took place; occurred, past tense of 'stattfinden'

Sohn

Son; a male child of a parent

Bruder

Brother; a male sibling

Der

The; definite article masculine nominative or relative pronoun

Verweis

Reference, allusion; a mention pointing to something else

auf

On, upon, to; preposition of surface or direction

diese

These, this; demonstrative pronoun or adjective

Brüder

Brothers; male siblings, plural of 'Bruder'

ist

Is; third person singular present of 'sein'

vage

Vague; unclear, imprecise, not well defined

unterschiedlich

Differently, variously; in different ways by interpreters

verstanden

Understood; comprehended, past participle of 'verstehen'