Beyond Good and Evil — Page 11

Vocabulary

真理

shinri — Truth; the ultimate reality or fact.

へ

e — Particle indicating direction or destination toward.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns.

愛

ai — Love; deep affection toward someone or something.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

すべて

subete — All; everything; the entirety of something.

持ち

mochi — Holding; possessing; carrying something with one.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneously performing two actions.

も

mo — Also; even; too; inclusive or emphatic particle.

あなたがた

anatagata — You (plural); a formal plural second-person pronoun.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the sentence topic.

あまりにも

amari ni mo — Far too much; excessively; to an extreme degree.

長く

nagaku — For a long time; lengthily; in a prolonged manner.

執拗

shitsuyō — Persistent; stubborn; tenaciously clinging to something.

に

ni — Particle indicating location, time, direction, or agent.

そして

soshite — And then; and; connecting sequential or additional ideas.

催眠術

saiminjutsu — Hypnotism; the art or technique of inducing hypnosis.

的

teki — Suffix meaning -like, -ish, or pertaining to.

な

na — Adjectival particle connecting na-adjectives to nouns.

硬直性

kōchokusei — Rigidity; stiffness; inflexibility of thought or body.

もって

motte — With; by means of; using something as a method.

自然

shizen — Nature; the natural world; occurring naturally without artifice.

誤って

ayamatte — Mistakenly; erroneously; in an incorrect or wrong manner.

すなわち

sunawachi — That is to say; namely; in other words.

見る

miru — To see; to look at; to observe something visually.

よう

yō — Like; as if; in order to; seeming manner or appearance.

自ら

mizukara — Oneself; by oneself; personally and independently acting.

強制

kyōsei — Compulsion; coercion; forcing someone to do something.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru; doing; connecting verb phrases.

て

te — Te-form conjunctive particle connecting sequential actions.

き

ki — Past auxiliary indicating action up to present moment.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating completed action or state.

ため

tame — Because of; for the sake of; due to a reason.

もはや

mohaya — No longer; already past; indicating irreversible change.

別様

betsuyō — Otherwise; differently; in another way or manner.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer turning verbs into noun phrases.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also marks contrast or emphasis.

でき

deki — Can do; be able; stem of dekiru meaning capability.

なく

naku — Without; not existing; negative conjunctive form of nai.

なって

natte — Having become; te-form of naru indicating transformation.

いる

iru — To be; to exist; used for animate beings' existence.

その

sono — That; that particular; demonstrative adjective near listener.

うえ

ue — Above; on top of; furthermore; in addition to.

さらに

sara ni — Furthermore; even more; additionally; in addition.

何か

nanika — Something; some kind of thing; an unspecified entity.

底

soko — Bottom; depth; the lowest or deepest part of something.

知れ

shire — Known; fathomable; potential form of shiru, to know.

ぬ

nu — Negative auxiliary (classical) meaning not; unable to.

傲慢

gōman — Arrogance; haughtiness; an overbearing attitude toward others.

さ

sa — Nominalizing suffix turning adjectives into abstract nouns.

狂人

kyōjin — Madman; lunatic; a person considered mentally deranged.

じみた

jimita — Resembling; seeming like; having characteristics of something.

希望

kibō — Hope; wish; a desire or aspiration for something better.

与えて

ataete — Giving; granting; te-form of ataeru meaning to bestow.

自分

jibun — Oneself; self; a reflexive pronoun referring to the subject.

自身

jishin — Oneself; personally; used for emphasis on self-involvement.

専制

sensei — Despotism; autocracy; absolute authoritarian rule over others.

支配

shihai — Control; domination; ruling over people or a territory.

できる

dekiru — To be able to; can; to become possible or feasible.

故

yue — Reason; therefore; because; classical causal conjunction.

主義

shugi — Principle; ideology; an -ism or doctrine one follows.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle; conditional if particle.

自己

jiko — Self; one's own self; used in formal or philosophical context.

で

de — At; in; by means of; particle indicating place or method.

ある

aru — To be; to exist; used for inanimate objects' existence.

また

mata — Also; again; moreover; connecting additional related ideas.

れる

reru — Passive or potential auxiliary suffix attached to verbs.

許す

yurusu — To forgive; to allow; to permit someone to do something.

だろう

darō — Probably; I suppose; expressing conjecture or supposition.

主義者

shugisha — An advocate or adherent of a particular ideology or principle.

一部

ichibu — A part; a portion; one section of a larger whole.

ない

nai — Not; nonexistent; negative form of aru or adjective.

か

ka — Question particle added to end of interrogative sentences.

しかし

shikashi — However; but; nevertheless; a conjunctive showing contrast.

これ

kore — This; this thing here; proximal demonstrative pronoun.

古く

furuku — Old; anciently; in an old or longstanding manner.

永遠

eien — Eternity; forever; lasting without end or limit.

物語

monogatari — Story; tale; a narrative account of events or experiences.

かつて

katsute — Once; formerly; in the past; at a previous time.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.

起き

oki — Waking; occurring; stem of okiru meaning to happen.

いかなる

ikanaru — Whatever; any kind of; no matter what type.

哲学

tetsugaku — Philosophy; the study of fundamental nature and existence.

あれ

are — That thing over there; distal demonstrative pronoun.

信じ

shinji — Believing; stem of shinjiru meaning to believe or trust.

始め

hajime — Beginning; start; the commencement of an action or period.

途端

totan — The moment; just as; immediately upon doing something.

今日

kyō — Today; this day; the present day we are in.

なお

nao — Still; yet; furthermore; even now continuing or adding.

起きる

okiru — To occur; to happen; to wake up from sleep.

だ

da — Copula; is; am; are; plain form of desu.

常

tsune — Always; usually; constancy; a habitual or normal state.

世界

sekai — World; the earth; global sphere of human existence.

イメージ

imēji — Image; mental picture; impression one holds of something.

従って

shitagatte — Therefore; accordingly; following from a prior reason.

創造

sōzō — Creation; the act of making something new or original.

する

suru — To do; to perform; the basic action verb in Japanese.

それ

sore — That; that thing; a medial demonstrative pronoun.

以外

igai — Other than; except; apart from a specified thing.

この

kono — This; this particular; proximal demonstrative adjective.

衝動

shōdō — Impulse; urge; a sudden strong desire to act.

そのもの

sono mono — Itself; the very thing; emphasizing the thing itself.

あり

ari — Existing; being; classical or formal form of aru.

最も

mottomo — Most; the most; superlative degree of an adjective.

精神

seishin — Spirit; mind; mental or spiritual essence of a being.

権力

kenryoku — Power; authority; political or governmental controlling force.

意志

ishi — Will; volition; the faculty of conscious decision-making.

第一

daiichi — First; number one; the primary or foremost of all.

原因

gen'in — Cause; reason; the origin producing a resulting effect.

真

shin — True; genuine; real; authentic without falseness.

見かけ

mikake — Appearance; outward look; how something seems externally.

いう

iu — To say; to call; to refer to something as.

問題

mondai — Problem; question; issue requiring attention or solution.

現在

genzai — Present; now; the current time or existing state.

全土

zendo — The whole land; all territory; an entire country's soil.

いかに

ikani — How; in what manner; to what degree or extent.

熱心

nesshin — Enthusiasm; zeal; being earnest and eager about something.

巧妙

kōmyō — Clever; skillful; ingeniously crafted or executed with skill.

いや

iya — No; nay; or rather; used to correct or intensify.

狡猾

kōkatsu — Cunning; crafty; slyly manipulative in achieving goals.

さえ

sae — Even; as long as; an emphatic or conditional particle.

扱わ

atsukaawa — Treated; handled; passive stem of atsukau meaning to deal.

れて

rete — Passive te-form suffix indicating being acted upon.

思索

shisaku — Contemplation; deep thought; philosophical reflection or pondering.

注意

chūi — Attention; caution; a warning or careful notice of something.

促す

unagasu — To urge; to prompt; to encourage action or movement.

値する

ataisuru — To be worth; to deserve; to merit a certain value.

背景

haikei — Background; backdrop; the context behind a situation.

だけ

dake — Only; just; nothing more than a specified amount.

聞き取り

kikitori — Listening comprehension; catching spoken words accurately.

何

nani — What; which thing; an interrogative pronoun for objects.

聞き取れ

kikitore — Able to hear; can catch sound; potential of kikitoru.

者

mono — Person; one who does; a being with a certain quality.

確かに

tashika ni — Certainly; surely; indeed; affirming something with confidence.

鋭い

surudoi — Sharp; keen; acute; having a penetrating quality or edge.

耳

mimi — Ear; the organ of hearing; listening ability or sense.

誇る

hokoru — To be proud of; to boast; to take pride in something.