Beyond Good and Evil — Page 9

Vocabulary

相反

xiāngfǎn — On the contrary; opposite in nature or direction.

在

zài — At, in, on; indicates location or ongoing action.

哲学家

zhéxuéjiā — Philosopher; a person who studies philosophy professionally.

身上

shēnshang — On one's body or person; pertaining to someone.

绝对

juéduì — Absolute, unconditional; completely without exception.

没有

méiyǒu — Do not have; there is not; lacking something.

任何

rènhé — Any; whichever; used in negative or conditional sentences.

非

fēi — Non-; not; negation prefix indicating the opposite.

个人

gèrén — Individual person; personal; relating to oneself.

的

de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification.

东西

dōngxi — Thing, object; stuff; something in general.

尤其是

yóuqí shì — Especially; particularly; most notably in this case.

他

tā — He, him; third-person singular masculine pronoun.

道德观

dàodéguān — Moral view; ethical perspective or values one holds.

提供

tígōng — To provide, supply, or offer something to someone.

了

le — Particle indicating completed action or changed situation.

一个

yī gè — One; a single item or instance of something.

确定

quèdìng — Certain, definite; to confirm or ascertain something.

而

ér — And, yet, but; connects contrasting or sequential clauses.

决定性

juédìngxìng — Decisive; having a determining or conclusive nature.

证明

zhèngmíng — To prove, demonstrate; evidence confirming a fact.

说明

shuōmíng — To explain, illustrate; clarification of a matter.

是

shì — To be; is, am, are; affirmative linking verb.

谁

shuí — Who; which person; interrogative pronoun for people.

也就是说

yě jiùshì shuō — That is to say; in other words; meaning namely.

本性

běnxìng — Innate nature; one's fundamental character or essence.

中

zhōng — In, within, among; the middle or interior of something.

最

zuì — Most; superlative adverb indicating highest degree.

深层

shēncéng — Deep level; profound layer underlying surface appearance.

冲动

chōngdòng — Impulse, urge; acting on sudden emotional drive.

彼此

bǐcǐ — Each other, one another; mutual relation between parties.

之间

zhījiān — Between, among; in the space or relation separating things.

以

yǐ — With, by means of; using a particular method or order.

何种

hé zhǒng — What kind of; which sort or type of something.

顺序

shùnxù — Order, sequence; the arrangement of items in succession.

排列

páiliè — To arrange, order; place items in a specific sequence.

可以

kěyǐ — Can, may; expressing permission or capability to do.

多么

duōme — How; to what degree; exclamatory intensifier of quality.

恶毒

èdú — Malicious, vicious; spitefully harmful in intent.

啊

a — Ah; exclamatory particle expressing emotion or emphasis.

我

wǒ — I, me; first-person singular pronoun.

所

suǒ — Particle used before verbs to nominalize or emphasize action.

知道

zhīdào — To know, be aware of; having knowledge of something.

什么

shénme — What; interrogative pronoun asking about identity or nature.

比

bǐ — Than; compared to; used in comparative sentences.

对

duì — Toward, regarding; directed at a person or thing.

及其

jí qí — And its; together with his or her followers.

门徒

méntú — Disciple, follower; student devoted to a teacher's teaching.

开

kāi — To make or play; initiate an action such as a joke.

那个

nà ge — That one; referring to a specific previously mentioned thing.

玩笑

wánxiào — Joke, jest; humorous or teasing remark made playfully.

更为

gèng wéi — Even more; to a greater degree than previously stated.

辛辣

xīnlà — Pungent, biting; sharp and cutting in tone or style.

称

chēng — To call, name, refer to someone as something.

他们

tāmen — They, them; third-person plural pronoun for people.

为

wéi — As, to be; used to indicate a title or role.

谄媚者

chǎnmèi zhě — Flatterer, sycophant; one who flatters to gain favor.

就

jiù — Then, just; indicating immediacy, concession, or emphasis.

其

qí — Its, his, their; third-person possessive pronoun.

本义

běnyì — Original meaning; the literal or primary sense of a word.

而言

éryán — In terms of; speaking from a particular standpoint.

这个

zhège — This one; referring to a nearby or mentioned item.

词

cí — Word, term; a unit of language conveying meaning.

表面上

biǎomiàn shàng — On the surface; apparently; superficially without deeper truth.

意为

yì wéi — Meaning; used to indicate what a word signifies.

因此

yīncǐ — Therefore, thus; indicating a logical consequence or result.

帮凶

bāngxiōng — Accomplice; one who assists in wrongdoing or crime.

与

yǔ — And, with; connecting nouns or indicating accompaniment.

马屁精

mǎpì jīng — Bootlicker, flatterer; someone excessively fawning and obsequious.

除此之外

chú cǐ zhī wài — Besides this; in addition to what was already mentioned.

它

tā — It; third-person singular pronoun for non-human things.

还

hái — Still, also, in addition; indicating continuation or addition.

相当于

xiāngdāng yú — Equivalent to; amounting to; roughly equal in meaning.

说

shuō — To say, speak, tell; express something verbally.

全都

quán dōu — All, every one; without exception entirely included.

演员

yǎnyuán — Actor, performer; someone who acts in plays or films.

真实

zhēnshí — Real, genuine, authentic; corresponding to actual facts.

因为

yīnwèi — Because, since; introducing the reason for something.

通俗

tōngsú — Popular, colloquial; easily understood by ordinary people.

称谓

chēngwèi — Title, form of address; name used to refer to someone.

后者

hòuzhě — The latter; the second of two previously mentioned items.

才是

cái shì — Is truly; only then is it; emphasizing the real identity.

发出

fāchū — To emit, send out; produce a sound, signal, or statement.

真正

zhēnzhèng — True, genuine, real; not fake or superficial in nature.

恶意

èyì — Malice, ill will; deliberate intention to harm someone.

责难

zénàn — Censure, reproach; to criticize or blame someone severely.

精通

jīngtōng — To be proficient in; master a skill or subject thoroughly.

那种

nà zhǒng — That kind of; that type or sort of thing.

宏大

hóngdà — Grand, magnificent; impressively large in scale or scope.

排场

páichang — Pomp, pageantry; elaborate display of grandeur and ceremony.

舞台

wǔtái — Stage; the platform where theatrical performances take place.

风格

fēnggé — Style; characteristic manner or mode of expression.

感到

gǎndào — To feel, sense; experience an emotion or physical sensation.

恼怒

nǎonù — Irritated, annoyed, angered; feeling strong displeasure.

并不

bìng bù — Not at all; emphatically negating a statement or assumption.

这种

zhè zhǒng — This kind of; this type or sort of something.

这位

zhè wèi — This person; respectful reference to a nearby individual.

来自

láizì — Come from; originating from a particular place or source.

老

lǎo — Old, aged; used to describe advanced age or long experience.

隐居

yǐnjū — To live in seclusion; retire from society into quiet retreat.

小小

xiǎoxiǎo — Tiny, small little; diminutive in size or significance.

花园

huāyuán — Garden; an outdoor area cultivated with plants and flowers.

写了

xiě le — Wrote; completed the act of writing something down.

三百

sānbǎi — Three hundred; the number 300.

卷

juǎn — Volume, scroll; a unit for counting books or writings.

书

shū — Book; a written or printed literary or scholarly work.

也许

yěxǔ — Perhaps, maybe; expressing uncertainty about a possibility.

出于

chūyú — Out of, stemming from; motivated by a particular reason.

愤怒

fènnù — Anger, rage; strong feeling of displeasure or indignation.

雄心勃勃

xióngxīn bóbó — Full of ambition; highly ambitious and driven to succeed.

嫉妒

jídù — Jealousy, envy; resentful desire for another's advantages.

呢

ne — Particle indicating continuation, mild questioning, or reflection.

希腊

Xīlà — Greece; ancient and modern southeastern European nation.

花了

huā le — Spent; used up time, money, or effort on something.

一百

yībǎi — One hundred; the number 100.

年

nián — Year; a unit of time equal to twelve months.

才

cái — Only then; not until; indicating a delayed outcome.

弄清楚

nòng qīngchǔ — To figure out, clarify; make something fully understood.

之神

zhī shén — God of; deity associated with a particular domain.

究竟

jiūjìng — After all, exactly; seeking the definitive truth or answer.

她

tā — She, her; third-person singular feminine pronoun.

真的

zhēn de — Really, truly; used to emphasize sincerity or actuality.

吗

ma — Question particle turning a statement into a yes/no question.

每种

měi zhǒng — Every kind of; each type or variety of something.

哲学

zhéxué — Philosophy; the study of fundamental questions about existence.

都

dōu — All, both; indicating every item in a set is included.

有

yǒu — Have, there is; indicating existence or possession.

这样

zhèyàng — Like this, such; in this manner or of this kind.

时刻

shíkè — Moment, instant; a specific point or period in time.

信念

xìnniàn — Belief, conviction; firmly held principle or faith.

登上

dēng shàng — To ascend, mount; climb up onto a stage or position.

或者

huòzhě — Or; presenting an alternative option or possibility.

用

yòng — To use, employ; make use of something for a purpose.

一句

yī jù — One sentence or phrase; a single utterance or saying.

古老

gǔlǎo — Ancient, old; existing for a very long time historically.

神秘

shénmì — Mysterious, enigmatic; difficult to understand or explain.

格言

géyán — Maxim, motto; a short pithy statement of general truth.

来

lái — To come; used to introduce a following action or purpose.

表达

biǎodá — To express, convey; communicate thoughts or feelings clearly.

驴子

lǘzi — Donkey, ass; a domesticated hoofed working animal.

来了

lái le — Has come, arrived; something or someone has appeared.

美丽

měilì — Beautiful, lovely; pleasing to the senses or mind.

强壮

qiángzhuàng — Strong, robust; physically powerful and well-built in body.