Coniston — Volume 01 — Page 5

Vocabulary

何

nani / nан — What; used to ask about something unknown.

を

wo / o — Direct object particle marking the object of a verb.

建てる

tateru — To build or construct a structure.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or indirect object.

しろ

shiro — Imperative form of suru; do it (command).

あいつ

aitsu — That person over there; informal, slightly rude pronoun.

は

wa — Topic marker particle indicating the sentence's topic.

きっちり

kicchiri — Exactly, precisely, neatly without any gap or error.

だろう

darou — Probably; expresses conjecture or supposition.

よ

yo — Sentence-ending particle asserting or emphasizing information.

と

to — Quotation particle; also means 'and' or 'with'.

言い

ii (iu / yuu stem) — Saying; conjunctive stem of the verb 'to say'.

が

ga — Subject marker particle identifying the grammatical subject.

近く

chikaku — Nearby; the vicinity or close proximity of a place.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns or clauses.

小さな

chiisana — Small, little; attributive adjective modifying a noun.

革

kawa — Leather or hide; animal skin processed into material.

工場

koujou — Factory or plant; a place where goods are manufactured.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a destination.

向かう

mukau — To head toward, to face or proceed in a direction.

見送っ

miokut(te) — Saw off; watched someone leave or depart.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating a completed action.

社会

shakai — Society; the organized community of people living together.

的

teki — Suffix meaning '-ic' or '-al', forming adjectival nouns.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

身分

mibun — Social status or rank; one's standing in society.

という

to iu — Called; used to define or explain a preceding term.

もの

mono — Thing; also a nominalizer conveying explanation or reason.

存在

sonzai — Existence; the state of existing or being present.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru; also lists reasons or actions.

また

mata — Also, again, moreover; connecting additional information.

有益

yuueki — Useful, beneficial, profitable; providing practical value.

比喩

hiyu — Metaphor or analogy; a figurative comparison in language.

として

to shite — As, in the capacity of; indicating a role or function.

国教

kokkyou — State religion; officially established religion of a country.

会

kai — Association, meeting, or gathering; an organized group.

でも

demo — Even, also; indicates inclusion or introduces contrast.

呼べる

yoberu — Can call or name; potential form of the verb 'to call'.

こと

koto — Thing, fact, matter; nominalizer turning verbs into nouns.

ここ

koko — Here; refers to this place or current location.

記し

shirushi / kisshi — Note down, record; to write or mark something formally.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential or related actions.

おこう

okou — Let's do and keep it that way; volitional of oku.

依然

izen — Still, as before; unchanged from a previous state.

組合

kumiai — Union or guild; an association of workers or members.

教会

kyoukai — Church; a Christian place of worship or congregation.

町

machi — Town or neighborhood; a local urban community area.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means used.

あり

ari — Is/exists; conjunctive form of aru (to be/exist).

その

sono — That; demonstrative adjective referring to something nearby.

執事

shitsuji — Deacon or butler; a steward serving in a church or household.

や

ya — And (among others); lists items without exhaustive implication.

高位

koui — High rank or status; occupying an elevated position.

聖職者

seishokusha — Clergy member; a person ordained for religious service.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people indicating a group.

国家

kokka — Nation, state; an organized political country or government.

柱

hashira — Pillar, column; a supporting post or foundational figure.

も

mo — Also, too; inclusive particle adding to what was said.

あっ

at(te) — Was/existed; conjunctive past form of aru.

我々

wareware — We, us; formal first-person plural pronoun.

いる

iru — To be, to exist; used for animate subjects.

時代

jidai — Era, age, period; a span of historical time.

から

kara — From; particle indicating starting point in time or place.

さほど

sahodo — Not so very; not particularly (used with negatives).

遠く

tooku — Far away; adverbial form indicating great distance.

ない

nai — Not; negative auxiliary indicating absence or negation.

以前

izen — Before, previously; a time prior to the present.

実際

jissai — Actually, in reality; referring to real facts or practice.

政教

seikyou — Politics and religion; affairs of state and church combined.

分離

bunri — Separation; the act of dividing or splitting apart.

起こり

okori — Occurrence, origin; the beginning or cause of something.

牧師

bokushi — Pastor or minister; a Protestant Christian religious leader.

呼ば

yoba — Called; passive or conditional stem of the verb yobu.

れ

re — Passive auxiliary suffix indicating an action done to subject.

い

i — Continuative form of iru; being in a state.

師

shi — Master, teacher, or professional; suffix denoting expertise.

給料

kyuuryou — Salary or wages; regular payment for work performed.

支払う

shiharau — To pay; to hand over money owed for goods or services.

やめ

yame — Stop, quit; stem of yameru meaning to cease doing something.

バス

Basu — Bus; public transport vehicle, or a proper name (Bass).

父

chichi — Father; one's own male parent.

職人

shokunin — Craftsman or artisan; a skilled manual trade worker.

かつて

katsute — Once, formerly; referring to a past time or experience.

若気

wakage — Youthful spirit; the recklessness associated with youth.

至り

itari — Rashness; peak or culmination, often in set phrases.

派

ha — Sect, faction, school; a group sharing beliefs or style.

説教

sekkyou — Sermon; a religious speech or moral lecture delivered publicly.

川

kawa — River; a large natural stream of flowing water.

洗礼

senrei — Baptism; the Christian rite of initiation using water.

受ける

ukeru — To receive or undergo; to accept something directed at you.

許し

yurushi — Forgiveness or permission; approval or pardon granted.

これ

kore — This; demonstrative pronoun referring to something nearby.

信仰

shinkou — Faith, religious belief; devotion to a religion or creed.

全て

subete — All, everything; the entirety without exception.

至っ

itat(te) — Reached, arrived at; conjunctive past form of itaru.

など

nado — Et cetera, and so on; particle listing examples loosely.

全く

mattaku — Completely, entirely; used to emphasize a total state.

なく

naku — Without, not having; conjunctive negative form of nai.

他

hoka — Other, another; something or someone different or additional.

理由

riyuu — Reason or cause; the explanation behind an action or event.

より

yori — Than, from; comparative or source-indicating particle.

階層

kaisou — Social stratum or class; a layer within a hierarchy.

ほぼ

hobo — Almost, roughly; close to but not quite complete.

最

sai — Most, -est; superlative prefix indicating the highest degree.

底辺

teihen — Bottom rung, base; the lowest level of society or structure.

位置

ichi — Position, location; the place where something is situated.

キツネ

kitsune — Fox; a cunning wild canine animal in Japanese culture.

ガチョウ

gachou — Goose; a large domesticated or wild waterfowl bird.

繰り返し

kurikaeshi — Repetition; doing or saying something over and over.

目

me — Eye; also used as a suffix for ordinal numbers or rank.

まだ

mada — Still, not yet; indicating an ongoing or incomplete state.

遠ざかる

toozakaru — To move away, to recede; becoming increasingly distant.

背中

senaka — Back (of body); the rear side of a person's torso.

追っ

ot(te) — Chasing; conjunctive form of ou meaning to follow or pursue.

集会

shuukai — Assembly, meeting, gathering; a group convening for a purpose.

所

tokoro — Place, location; a spot or point in space or context.

建設

kensetsu — Construction, building; the process of erecting structures.

大きな

ooki na — Big, large; attributive form modifying a following noun.

日焼け

hiyake — Suntan or sunburn; skin darkening caused by sun exposure.

腕

ude — Arm; the upper limb, also meaning skill or ability.

こすり

kosuri — Rubbing; the action of scrubbing or rubbing a surface.

頭

atama — Head; the uppermost part of the human body.

かい

kai — Question particle (informal); seeking confirmation or answer.

振り向く

furimuku — To turn around; to look back over one's shoulder.

かぶっ

kabut(te) — Wearing on head; conjunctive form of kaburu (to put on).

顔

kao — Face; the front part of a person's head.

合わせ

awase — Combining, matching; bringing things or people together.

対比

taihi — Contrast; the comparison of differences between two things.

作家

sakka — Author, writer; a person who writes literary works professionally.

好む

konomu — To like, to prefer; to have a fondness for something.

手法

shuhou — Technique or method; a particular way of doing something.

ある

aru — To be, to exist; used for inanimate objects or existence.

おい

oi — Hey!; informal interjection to get someone's attention.

間

aida / ma — Interval, between, space; a gap in time or space.

ほど

hodo — About, to the extent of; indicating degree or approximation.

あろう

arou — Probably is; volitional/conjectural form of aru.

まず

mazu — First of all, to begin with; indicating initial step.

第

dai — Ordinal prefix meaning 'number' (first, second, etc.).

一

ichi / hito — One; the first number or indicating first in order.

娘

musume — Daughter; a female child in relation to her parents.

二十

nijuu / hatachi — Twenty; the number 20 or age of twenty years.

歳

sai — Years old; counter suffix used with a person's age.