Cranford — Page 1

Vocabulary

monsieur

muh-syuh — French title of respect for a man; Mr.

Seriez

suh-ryay — Second person plural conditional of être; would you be

vous

voo — Second person plural or formal pronoun; you

par

par — Preposition meaning by or through

Une

oon — Feminine indefinite article; a or an

dame

dam — A woman or lady of refinement

versant

ver-sahn — Pouring; present participle of verser

du

dü — Contracted article meaning of the

thé

tay — The beverage tea

Avec

ah-vek — Preposition meaning with

vingt

van — The number twenty

cinq

sank — The number five

illustrations

ee-lüs-trah-syohn — Pictures or images accompanying a text

en

ahn — Preposition meaning in or by

couleur

koo-lur — Color or hue of something visible

Motif

mo-teef — A decorative design or recurring artistic element

décoratif

day-ko-rah-teef — Adjective meaning decorative or ornamental

Londres

lohn-druh — The French name for London, England

TABLE

tah-bluh — Table, as in table of contents

DES

day — Plural partitive article meaning of the

MATIÈRES

mah-tyair — Matters or subjects; table of contents heading

CHAPITRE

shah-pee-truh — A chapter in a book

NOTRE

noh-truh — Possessive adjective meaning our

SOCIÉTÉ

so-syay-tay — Society or social group of people

LE

luh — Masculine definite article meaning the

CAPITAINE

kah-pee-ten — A military or naval officer of rank captain

UNE

oon — Feminine indefinite article meaning a or an

HISTOIRE

ees-twahr — A story, history, or narrative account

D'

duh — Elided preposition de meaning of or from

AMOUR

ah-moor — Love, romantic affection between people

AUTREFOIS

oh-truh-fwah — Adverb meaning formerly or in past times

VISITE

vee-zeet — A visit or call made to someone

À

ah — Preposition meaning to, at, or in

UN

uhn — Masculine indefinite article meaning a or an

VIEUX

vyuh — Adjective meaning old, before masculine noun

CÉLIBATAIRE

say-lee-bah-tair — An unmarried person; bachelor or spinster

VIEILLES

vyay — Feminine plural adjective meaning old

LETTRES

let-ruh — Letters written and sent by someone

PAUVRE

poh-vruh — Adjective meaning poor or unfortunate

LES

lay — Plural definite article meaning the

VISITES

vee-zeet — Plural noun meaning visits or callers

MADAME

mah-dam — Title of respect for a woman; Mrs. or madam

LA

lah — Feminine definite article meaning the

COMTESSE

kohn-tes — A countess, noblewoman holding title of count

PANIQUE

pah-neek — A sudden overwhelming feeling of fear

FIANCÉS

fyahn-say — Engaged couple or betrothed persons

CESSATION

ses-ah-syohn — A stopping or ending of an activity

DE

duh — Preposition meaning of or from

PAIEMENT

pay-mahn — Payment of money owed to someone

AMIS

ah-mee — Plural noun meaning friends

DANS

dahn — Preposition meaning in or inside

BESOIN

buh-zwahn — Need or necessity; dans le besoin means in need

HEUREUX

uh-ruh — Adjective meaning happy or fortunate

RETOUR

ruh-toor — A return or coming back home

PAIX

pay — Peace, absence of conflict or war

LISTE

leest — A list or enumeration of items

ILLUSTRATIONS

ee-lüs-trah-syohn — Plural of illustration; pictures in a book

Un

uhn — Masculine indefinite article meaning a or an

magnifique

mah-nyee-feek — Adjective meaning magnificent or splendid

parapluie

pah-rah-plwee — An umbrella used for protection from rain

familial

fah-mee-lyal — Adjective meaning family or familial

soie

swah — Silk fabric or the material itself

rouge

roozh — Adjective meaning red in color

Se

suh — Reflexive pronoun meaning oneself or themselves

rendant

rahn-dahn — Going or making one's way somewhere

docilement

do-seel-mahn — Adverb meaning docilely or submissively

à

ah — Preposition meaning to, at, or toward

son

sohn — Possessive adjective meaning his, her, or its

pâturage

pah-tü-razh — A pasture or grazing land for animals

S'

suh — Elided reflexive pronoun se before vowel

efforçant

eh-for-sahn — Striving or making an effort to do something

de

duh — Preposition meaning of, from, or about

l'

luh/lah — Elided definite article le or la before vowel

attirer

ah-tee-ray — To attract or draw someone toward something

dans

dahn — Preposition meaning in or inside something

la

lah — Feminine definite article meaning the

conversation

kohn-ver-sah-syohn — A spoken exchange between two or more people

Elle

el — Third person feminine singular pronoun; she

fit

fee — Past historic of faire; she made or did

entrer

ahn-tray — To enter or come into a place

le

luh — Masculine definite article meaning the

charretier

shah-ruh-tyay — A carter or driver of a horse-drawn cart

épouvanté

ay-poo-vahn-tay — Adjective meaning terrified or horror-stricken

salon

sah-lohn — A formal sitting room or drawing room

Le

luh — Masculine definite article meaning the

bras

brah — The arm of a person or body

passé

pah-say — Passed or placed around something

autour

oh-toor — Around or surrounding something or someone

taille

tie — Waist or size of a person's body

nous

noo — First person plural pronoun meaning we or us

ses

say — Possessive adjective meaning his, her, its (plural)

adieux

ah-dyuh — Farewells or goodbyes said to someone

Or

or — Conjunction meaning now or well then

quelle

kel — Feminine interrogative adjective meaning what or which

sont

sohn — Third person plural of être; they are

les

lay — Plural definite article meaning the

bourgeons

boor-zhohn — Buds on a plant or tree in spring

frêne

fren — An ash tree found in European forests

mars

mars — The month of March

Je

zhuh — First person singular pronoun meaning I

mis

mee — Past participle of mettre; put or used

ce

suh — Demonstrative adjective meaning this or that

temps

tahn — Time or weather in French usage

profit

pro-fee — Profit or benefit gained from something

pour

poor — Preposition meaning for or in order to

penser

pahn-say — To think or reflect on something mentally

bien

byahn — Adverb meaning well or very

d'

duh — Elided preposition de before a vowel

autres

oh-truh — Adjective or pronoun meaning other or others

choses

shohz — Plural noun meaning things or matters

Que

kuh — Conjunction or pronoun meaning that or what

cette

set — Feminine demonstrative adjective meaning this

femme

fam — A woman or wife

aille

eye — Subjunctive of aller; that she go

au

oh — Contracted article meaning to the or at the

diable

dyah-bluh — The devil; aller au diable means go to hell

tentation

tahn-tah-syohn — Temptation or the urge to do something

confortable

kohn-for-tah-bluh — Adjective meaning comfortable or cozy

fauteuil

foh-tuh-ee — An armchair or upholstered seat with arms

avait

ah-vay — Imperfect of avoir; had, third person singular

été

ay-tay — Past participle of être; been

trop

troh — Adverb meaning too much or too many

forte

fort — Feminine adjective meaning strong or powerful

elle

el — Third person feminine singular pronoun; she or her

Nous

noo — First person plural pronoun meaning we

lui

lwee — Indirect object pronoun meaning to him or her

donnâmes

do-nahm — Simple past of donner; we gave to someone

une

oon — Feminine indefinite article meaning a or an

cuillerée

kwee-yuh-ray — A spoonful of liquid or food

gelée

zhuh-lay — Jelly or a gel-like food or substance

groseilles

groh-zay — Currants or gooseberries, small tart berries

Craignant

kren-yahn — Fearing; present participle of craindre

rumeurs

rü-mur — Rumors or gossip circulating among people

matrimoniales

mah-tree-mo-nyal — Adjective meaning matrimonial or relating to marriage

Lui

lwee — Indirect object pronoun meaning to him or her

demandant

duh-mahn-dahn — Asking or requesting something from someone

prendre

prahn-druh — To take or to have something

soin

swahn — Care or attention given to someone

Des

day — Plural partitive or indefinite article meaning some

indications

an-dee-kah-syohn — Indications or directions given to someone

meurtrières

mur-tryair — Murderous or deadly, feminine plural adjective

et

ay — Conjunction meaning and

sans

sahn — Preposition meaning without

discernement

dee-sern-mahn — Discernment or good judgment in decisions

Tendaient

tahn-day — Imperfect of tendre; they were holding out

leurs

lur — Possessive adjective meaning their (plural)

petits

puh-tee — Plural adjective meaning small or little ones

Qu'

kuh — Elided conjunction or pronoun que before vowel

pensez

pahn-say — Second person plural of penser; you think