Cranford — Page 13

Vocabulary

feste

feh-steh — Parties or celebrations; festive gatherings

erano

eh-rah-no — Third person plural imperfect of essere: they were

solennità

so-len-ni-tah — Solemnity; formal and serious ceremonial occasions

gravi

grah-vee — Serious, grave, or weighty in character

facevano

fah-cheh-vah-no — Third person plural imperfect of fare: they made

sentire

sen-tee-reh — To feel or to hear; perception verb

signore

seen-yo-reh — Ladies; polite term for adult women

solennemente

so-len-neh-men-teh — Solemnly; in a serious and ceremonious manner

euforiche

eh-oo-fo-ree-keh — Euphoric; feeling intense happiness or excitement

mentre

men-treh — While or whereas; temporal conjunction

sedevano

seh-deh-vah-no — They were sitting; imperfect of sedere

insieme

een-syeh-meh — Together; in company with one another

abiti

ah-bee-tee — Clothes or garments worn on the body

migliori

meel-yo-ree — Best or better; comparative/superlative of buono

appena

ap-peh-nah — As soon as; barely or just

arrivate

ar-ree-vah-teh — Arrived; feminine plural past participle of arrivare

sedemmo

seh-dem-mo — We sat down; first person plural past of sedere

giocare

jo-kah-reh — To play a game or sport

essendo

es-sen-do — Being; gerund of essere used in subordinate clauses

sfortunata

sfor-too-nah-tah — Unfortunate or unlucky; feminine adjective

quarta

kwahr-tah — Fourth; feminine ordinal number

arrivati

ar-ree-vah-tee — Those who arrived; masculine plural past participle

successivi

soo-ches-see-vee — Subsequent or following; coming after in sequence

furono

foo-ro-no — They were; third person plural passato remoto of essere

sistemati

sees-teh-mah-tee — Arranged or seated; past participle of sistemare

immediatamente

im-meh-dyah-tah-men-teh — Immediately; without any delay whatsoever

altro

ahl-tro — Another or other; different additional one

tavolo

tah-vo-lo — Table; piece of furniture with flat surface

poco

po-ko — Little or a little; small amount of something

dopo

do-po — After or afterwards; temporal preposition or adverb

vassoi

vas-soy — Trays; flat containers for carrying food or drinks

tè

teh — Tea; hot beverage made from dried leaves

avevo

ah-veh-vo — I had; first person singular imperfect of avere

visto

vees-to — Seen; past participle of vedere

allestiti

al-les-tee-tee — Set up or prepared; past participle of allestire

ripostiglio

ree-pos-teel-yo — Closet or storage room for keeping miscellaneous items

passavo

pas-sah-vo — I was passing; first person singular imperfect of passare

mattina

mat-tee-nah — Morning; the early part of the day

collocati

col-lo-kah-tee — Placed or positioned; past participle of collocare

ciascuno

chah-skoo-no — Each one; every single individual item or person

centro

chen-tro — Center; the middle point of something

gioco

jo-ko — Game or play; recreational activity

porcellana

por-chel-lah-nah — Porcelain or china; fine ceramic tableware

delicata

deh-lee-kah-tah — Delicate; fragile, fine, or requiring careful handling

guscio

goo-sho — Shell; protective outer casing of egg or nut

uovo

woh-vo — Egg; oval object laid by birds

argenteria

ar-jen-teh-ree-ah — Silverware; collection of silver utensils or objects

tempi

tem-pee — Times; plural of tempo, referring to past eras

scintillava

shin-til-lah-vah — It sparkled or glittered; imperfect of scintillare

lucidatura

loo-chee-dah-too-rah — Polishing; the act of making something shine brightly

vivande

vee-vahn-deh — Foods or dishes; items served as nourishment

modesta

mo-des-tah — Modest; simple, unassuming, or plain in nature

varietà

vah-ryeh-tah — Variety; a range of different types or kinds

Mentre

men-treh — While; conjunction linking simultaneous actions

ancora

an-ko-rah — Still or yet; continuing state or action

tavoli

tah-vo-lee — Tables; plural of tavolo, furniture for dining or games

Capitano

kah-pee-tah-no — Captain; military or naval officer of rank

signorine

seen-yo-ree-neh — Young ladies or misses; polite term for unmarried women

entrarono

en-trah-ro-no — They entered; third person plural passato remoto of entrare

potevo

po-teh-vo — I could; first person singular imperfect of potere

vedere

veh-deh-reh — To see; to perceive visually

modo

mo-do — Way or manner; method of doing something

favorito

fah-vo-ree-to — Favorite or favored; preferred above others

presenti

preh-zen-tee — Present; those who are in attendance here

fronti

fron-tee — Brows or foreheads; front part of the face

aggrottate

ag-grot-tah-teh — Furrowed or knitted; describes brows drawn together

distesero

dees-teh-zeh-ro — They relaxed or smoothed out; passato remoto of distendere

voci

vo-chee — Voices; sounds produced by people speaking

acide

ah-chee-deh — Sour or sharp; used figuratively for harsh voices

abbassarono

ab-bas-sah-ro-no — They lowered; passato remoto of abbassare

avvicinarsi

av-vee-chee-nar-see — To approach; to draw near to someone or something

signorina

seen-yo-ree-nah — Young lady or miss; unmarried woman addressed politely

sembrava

sem-brah-vah — She seemed; third person singular imperfect of sembrare

malata

mah-lah-tah — Sick or ill; not in good health

depressa

deh-pres-sah — Depressed; feeling sadness or low spirits

quasi

kwah-zee — Almost or nearly; approaching but not quite reaching

fino

fee-no — Until or up to; reaching a limit or boundary

malinconia

mah-leen-ko-nee-ah — Melancholy; deep sadness or pensive gloom

sorrideva

sor-ree-deh-vah — She was smiling; imperfect of sorridere

solito

so-lee-to — Usual; as customary or habitual

altrettanto

al-tret-tahn-to — Equally or just as much; same degree as before

popolare

po-po-lah-reh — Popular; well liked by many people

padre

pah-dreh — Father; male parent

Egli

el-yee — He; formal third person masculine singular pronoun

assunse

as-soon-seh — He assumed or took on; passato remoto of assumere

discrezione

dees-kreh-tsyo-neh — Discretion; tactful and careful judgment in behavior

posto

pos-to — Place or seat; position occupied by someone

uomo

woh-mo — Man; adult male human being

stanza

stahn-tsah — Room; enclosed space within a building

occupò

ok-koo-po — He took care of; passato remoto of occuparsi

bisogni

bee-zo-nyee — Needs; things required by people around him

alleggerì

al-lej-jeh-ree — He lightened; passato remoto of alleggerire, eased burden

lavoro

lah-vo-ro — Work or labor; tasks that require effort

graziosa

grah-tsyo-zah — Pretty or graceful; charming in appearance

cameriera

kah-meh-ryeh-rah — Waitress or maid; woman who serves at table

occupandosi

ok-koo-pahn-do-see — Taking care of; reflexive gerund of occuparsi

tazze

tah-tseh — Cups; vessels used for drinking tea or coffee

vuote

vwoh-teh — Empty; containing nothing inside

senza

sen-tsah — Without; lacking or in the absence of

pane

pah-neh — Bread; baked food made from flour and water

burro

boor-ro — Butter; dairy fat spread on bread or used in cooking

eppure

ep-poo-reh — And yet or nevertheless; despite what was said

fece

feh-cheh — He did or made; third person singular passato remoto of fare

ciò

cho — That or this; demonstrative pronoun referring to things

maniera

mah-nyeh-rah — Manner or way; style in which something is done

così

ko-zee — So or thus; in this way or to this degree

disinvolta

dees-een-vol-tah — Casual or self-assured; relaxed and natural in manner

dignitosa

dee-nyee-to-zah — Dignified; showing self-respect and proper conduct

fosse

fos-seh — Were; third person singular imperfect subjunctive of essere

naturale

nah-too-rah-leh — Natural; existing in or caused by nature; normal

forti

for-tee — Strong ones; masculine plural of forte

prendessero

pren-des-seh-ro — Should take; imperfect subjunctive of prendere

cura

koo-rah — Care; attention and protection given to someone

deboli

deh-bo-lee — Weak ones; those lacking strength or power

dimostrarsi

dee-mos-trahr-see — To prove oneself; to show oneself to be something

vero

veh-ro — True or real; corresponding to fact or reality