Crime and Punishment — Page 1

Vocabulary

VERBRECHEN

Crime; an illegal act punishable by law

UND

And; basic coordinating conjunction

STRAFE

Punishment; penalty imposed for wrongdoing

Von

By or from; indicates origin or authorship

Übersetzt

Translated; converted text into another language

von

By or from; preposition indicating origin

VORWORT

Foreword; introductory remarks before main text

DES

Of the; genitive definite article form

ÜBERSETZERS

Of the translator; person who translates texts

Ein

A/an; indefinite article for masculine/neuter

paar

A few; small indefinite number of things

Worte

Words; units of language used in context

über

About or over; preposition indicating topic

selbst

Himself/herself/itself; reflexive intensifying pronoun

mögen

May; modal verb expressing possibility or liking

dem

The; dative definite article form

englischen

English; adjective referring to England

Leser

Reader; person who reads a text

helfen

To help; to assist someone with something

sein

His or to be; possessive pronoun or verb

Werk

Work; a significant literary or artistic creation

zu

To; preposition or infinitive particle

verstehen

To understand; to comprehend meaning or content

war

Was; past tense of the verb sein

der

The; definite article for masculine nouns

Sohn

Son; male child of a parent

eines

Of a; genitive indefinite article form

Arztes

Of a doctor; genitive form of Arzt

Seine

His; possessive pronoun for masculine nouns

Eltern

Parents; mother and father together

waren

Were; past tense plural of sein

sehr

Very; intensifying adverb

fleißige

Diligent; hardworking and industrious people

und

And; coordinating conjunction

tief

Deeply; profound or at great depth

religiöse

Religious; devout, relating to faith and worship

Menschen

People; human beings in general

aber

But; coordinating conjunction showing contrast

so

So; adverb indicating degree or manner

arm

Poor; lacking sufficient money or resources

dass

That; subordinating conjunction introducing a clause

sie

They/she; third person pronoun

mit

With; preposition indicating accompaniment

ihren

Their; possessive pronoun in dative/accusative

fünf

Five; the number 5

Kindern

Children; young offspring, dative plural form

in

In; preposition indicating location inside something

nur

Only; limiting adverb restricting to one thing

zwei

Two; the number 2

Zimmern

Rooms; enclosed spaces within a building

lebten

Lived; past tense of leben, to live

Vater

Father; male parent

Mutter

Mother; female parent

verbrachten

Spent; passed time doing an activity

ihre

Their; possessive pronoun referring to a group

Abende

Evenings; times between afternoon and night

damit

With it/so that; conjunction or pronoun adverb

vorzulesen

To read aloud; to recite text to others

im

In the; contraction of in dem

Allgemeinen

General; in general, commonly or broadly

aus

From or out of; preposition indicating origin

Büchern

Books; written works, dative plural form

ernsteren

More serious; of greater weight or gravity

Charakters

Of character; nature or quality of something

Obwohl

Although; subordinating conjunction expressing concession

stets

Always; constantly, at all times

kränklich

Sickly; frequently ill or in poor health

zart

Delicate; fragile or tender in constitution

schloss

Finished; past tense of schließen, to close

die

The; definite article for feminine/plural nouns

Abschlussprüfung

Final exam; examination at the end of studies

Ingenieurschule

Engineering school; institution teaching engineering

als

As or than; comparison or role conjunction

Dritter

Third; ordinal number ranking position three

ab

Off or away; separable verb prefix

Diese

This; demonstrative pronoun for feminine nouns

Geschichte

Story or history; narrative account of events

wurde

Was/became; passive auxiliary or past of werden

vom

By the; contraction of von dem

Dichter

Poet; a writer of poetry or literary works

seiner

His; genitive/dative possessive pronoun

Zeitschrift

Journal; periodical publication on various topics

veröffentlicht

Published; made available to the public

Begeisterung

Enthusiasm; great excitement and eager approval

aufgenommen

Received; past participle of aufnehmen, to receive

Der

The; definite article for masculine nouns

schüchterne

Shy; timid or reserved in social situations

unbekannte

Unknown; not yet recognized or famous

junge

Young; of an early age

Mann

Man; adult male person

sah

Saw; past tense of sehen, to see

sich

Himself/herself/itself; reflexive pronoun

plötzlich

Suddenly; happening without warning or notice

einer

A/one; indefinite article in dative/genitive

Art

Kind or sort; a type or manner of something

Berühmtheit

Fame; the state of being widely known

geworden

Become; past participle of werden

Eine

A/an; indefinite article for feminine nouns

glänzende

Brilliant; shining, outstanding or impressive

erfolgreiche

Successful; achieving desired results or goals

Karriere

Career; professional path and progression

schien

Seemed; past tense of scheinen, to seem

vor

Before or in front of; preposition of position

ihm

Him; dative personal pronoun third person

aufzutun

To open up; to unfold or become available

doch

But/however; contrastive particle or conjunction

diese

These/this; demonstrative pronoun or adjective

Hoffnungen

Hopes; expectations or desires for something positive

wurden

Were; past tense plural of werden

bald

Soon; in a short time from now

zunichte

To nothing; destroyed, as in zunichte machen

gemacht

Made; past participle of machen, to make

Im

In the; contraction of in dem

Jahre

Year; a period of twelve months

er

He; third person singular masculine pronoun

verhaftet

Arrested; taken into police custody

weder

Neither; used in neither...nor constructions

Temperament

Temperament; natural disposition or character traits

noch

Nor/still; used in neither...nor or still

Überzeugung

Conviction; a firmly held belief or principle

her

Here/from; directional adverb or separable prefix

ein

A/an; indefinite article

Revolutionär

Revolutionary; person advocating radical political change

gehörte

Belonged; past tense of gehören, to belong

kleinen

Small; little, of minimal size

Gruppe

Group; a number of people gathered together

junger

Young; of an early age, genitive/dative form

Männer

Men; plural of Mann, adult males

an

At or on; preposition indicating position or membership

zusammenfanden

Came together; gathered as a group

um

In order to; preposition or conjunction of purpose

lesen

To read; to look at and comprehend written text