Crime and Punishment — Page 4

Vocabulary

Wegen

Because of; due to (preposition indicating cause)

der

Definite article: the (masculine/genitive feminine)

Nähe

Nearness, proximity, closeness to something

des

Definite article: of the (genitive masculine/neuter)

Vielzahl

A large number, multitude, or great variety

von

Of, from, by (common German preposition)

Etablissements

Establishments, especially bars or dubious venues

zweifelhaften

Of doubtful, questionable, or dubious nature

Charakters

Of character; nature or quality of something

Überzahl

Majority, predominance, superior number of something

Handels-

Trade-, commerce- (prefix in compound nouns)

und

And (basic coordinating conjunction)

Arbeiterbevölkerung

Working-class population, laboring inhabitants of area

die

Definite article or relative pronoun: the, who, which

diese

These, this (demonstrative pronoun/adjective)

Straßen

Streets, roads in a town or city

Gassen

Narrow lanes, alleyways between buildings

im

In the (contraction of in + dem)

Herzen

Heart; center or core of a place

bevölkerte

Populated, inhabited (past tense of bevölkern)

waren

Were (past tense plural of sein, to be)

in

In, into (common German preposition of location)

den

Definite article: the (dative plural or accusative masculine)

so

So, such, in this way (adverb/conjunction)

verschiedenartige

Of various different kinds or diverse types

Typen

Types, kinds, characters (plural of Typ)

zu

To, too, at (preposition or infinitive particle)

sehen

To see, to observe, to perceive visually

dass

That (subordinating conjunction introducing a clause)

keine

No, not any, none (negative article)

Erscheinung

Appearance, figure, phenomenon, or manifestation

seltsam

Strange, odd, peculiar, unusual in appearance

sie

She, they, it (personal pronoun)

auch

Also, too, even (common German adverb)

sein

To be; also his/its (verb or possessive)

mochte

Might, may have been (past subjunctive of mögen)

Aufsehen

Attention, sensation, stir caused by something

erregt

Aroused, excited, caused (past participle of erregen)

hätte

Would have (subjunctive past of haben)

Aber

But, however (coordinating conjunction of contrast)

jungen

Young (adjective, inflected form of jung)

Mannes

Of the man (genitive of Mann)

hatte

Had (simple past of haben, to have)

sich

Himself, herself, itself (reflexive pronoun)

eine

A, an (indefinite article, feminine/neuter)

solche

Such a, of that kind (demonstrative adjective)

Bitterkeit

Bitterness, resentment, acrid emotional state

Verachtung

Contempt, scorn, disdain toward others or things

angestaut

Accumulated, built up, pent up over time

er

He (third-person singular masculine pronoun)

trotz

Despite, in spite of (preposition with genitive)

aller

All, of all (genitive/dative plural of alle)

jugendlichen

Youthful, juvenile (adjective from Jugend, youth)

Empfindlichkeit

Sensitivity, touchiness, susceptibility to feelings

auf

On, onto, upon (preposition of location/direction)

Straße

Street, road (common noun for thoroughfare)

am

At the, on the (contraction of an + dem)

wenigsten

Least (superlative of wenig, little/few)

um

Around, about, for (preposition/conjunction)

seine

His, its (possessive pronoun, masculine)

zerlumpte

Ragged, tattered, worn into shreds (adjective)

Kleidung

Clothing, garments, attire worn on body

kümmerte

Cared about, bothered about (past of kümmern)

Anders

Differently, otherwise, in another way

war

Was (singular past tense of sein, to be)

es

It (third-person neuter personal pronoun)

wenn

When, whenever, if (subordinating conjunction)

Bekannten

Acquaintances, people known to someone

oder

Or (coordinating conjunction offering alternatives)

ehemaligen

Former, erstwhile, previous (inflected adjective)

Kommilitonen

Fellow students, classmates at a university

begegnete

Met, encountered (past tense of begegnen)

ohnehin

Anyway, in any case, regardless of circumstances

keiner

No one, none, not any (negative pronoun)

Zeit

Time, period, era (common noun)

gern

Gladly, willingly, with pleasure (adverb)

traf

Met, encountered (simple past of treffen)

Es

It (neuter pronoun, often impersonal subject)

ein

A, an (indefinite article, masculine/neuter)

hoher

High, tall (adjective, masculine nominative)

runder

Round (adjective, inflected masculine nominative form)

Hut

Hat, a head covering worn outdoors

Zimmermann

Carpenter, craftsman who works with wood

aber

But, however (coordinating conjunction or adverb)

völlig

Completely, entirely, totally (adverb/adjective)

abgetragen

Worn out, threadbare from long use

vom

From the (contraction of von + dem)

Alter

Age, old age; also old man (noun)

rostig

Rusty, covered in rust or discolored

ganz

Completely, entirely, whole (adverb/adjective)

zerrissen

Torn, ripped apart (past participle of zerreißen)

bespritzt

Splattered, spattered with liquid or mud

ohne

Without (preposition taking accusative case)

Krempe

Brim of a hat; the projecting edge

höchst

Extremely, highly, most (superlative adverb)

unansehnliche

Unsightly, unattractive, shabby in appearance

Weise

Manner, way, fashion in which something occurs

einer

One, of a (indefinite article/pronoun, dative)

Seite

Side, page, aspect of something

verbogen

Bent, warped, deformed out of shape

Nicht

Not (negation particle in German sentences)

Scham

Shame, embarrassment, feeling of humiliation

jedoch

However, yet, but (adverbial conjunction of contrast)

sondern

But rather, instead (corrective conjunction after negation)

anderes

Another, different, some other (pronoun/adjective)

Gefühl

Feeling, emotion, sense, sensation

dem

The (dative masculine/neuter definite article)

Schrecken

Terror, fright, horror, sudden fear

verwandt

Related to, akin to, similar in nature

ihn

Him (accusative third-person masculine pronoun)

überkommen

To overcome, to come over someone (feeling)