Crime and Punishment — Page 9

Vocabulary

I

i — Masculine plural definite article: the

mobili

MO-bi-li — Pieces of furniture; movable household items

tutti

TUT-ti — All, every one of a group

molto

MOL-to — Very, much; indicating high degree

vecchi

VEK-ki — Old, aged; plural masculine adjective

e

e — And; basic coordinating conjunction

di

di — Of, from; common Italian preposition

legno

LEN-yo — Wood; the material timber is made from

giallo

JAL-lo — Yellow; color adjective for warm hue

consistevano

kon-sis-TEV-a-no — They consisted of, were made up of

in

in — In, into; basic Italian preposition

un

un — A, an; masculine indefinite article

divano

di-VA-no — Sofa, couch; upholstered seating furniture

con

kon — With; preposition indicating accompaniment

enorme

e-NOR-me — Enormous, huge; very large in size

schienale

skye-NA-le — Backrest of a chair or sofa

ricurvo

ri-KUR-vo — Curved, bent; having a curved shape

tavolo

TA-vo-lo — Table; flat-surfaced piece of furniture

ovale

o-VA-le — Oval; egg-shaped, elliptical in form

davanti

da-VAN-ti — In front of, before; positional adverb

al

al — To the; contraction of a and il

da

da — From, by, since; versatile Italian preposition

toeletta

to-e-LET-ta — Dressing table; vanity furniture piece

uno

U-no — One; masculine indefinite article or numeral

specchio

SPEK-kyo — Mirror; reflective glass surface object

fissato

fis-SA-to — Fixed, attached, fastened firmly in place

su

su — On, upon; preposition of position

esso

ES-so — It, he; third-person singular pronoun

tra

tra — Between, among; spatial preposition

le

le — The; feminine plural definite article

finestre

fi-NES-tre — Windows; openings in a wall with glass

sedie

SE-dye — Chairs; plural of sedia, seating furniture

lungo

LUN-go — Along, long; preposition or adjective

pareti

pa-RE-ti — Walls; interior vertical surfaces of a room

due

DU-e — Two; the cardinal number 2

o

o — Or; disjunctive coordinating conjunction

tre

tre — Three; the cardinal number 3

stampe

STAM-pe — Prints, engravings; decorative printed images

soldi

SOL-di — Money, coins; common Italian word for cash

cornici

kor-NI-chi — Frames; decorative borders around pictures

gialle

JAL-le — Yellow; feminine plural color adjective

raffiguranti

raf-fi-gu-RAN-ti — Depicting, portraying; showing an image of

fanciulle

fan-CHUL-le — Young girls, maidens; plural feminine noun

tedesche

te-DES-ke — German; feminine plural nationality adjective

uccelli

ut-CHEL-li — Birds; plural of uccello, feathered animals

mano

MA-no — Hand; part of the human body

questo

KWES-to — This; masculine singular demonstrative pronoun

era

E-ra — Was; third-person singular imperfect of essere

tutto

TUT-to — Everything, all; totality pronoun or adjective

In

in — In; preposition indicating location inside

angolo

AN-go-lo — Corner; point where two walls or lines meet

una

U-na — A, an; feminine singular indefinite article

luce

LU-che — Light; illumination from a source

ardeva

ar-DE-va — Was burning, glowing; imperfect of ardere

a

a — At, to; basic Italian preposition

piccola

PIK-ko-la — Small, little; feminine singular adjective

icona

i-KO-na — Icon; small religious image or devotional painting

Tutto

TUT-to — Everything, all; used here as subject

pulito

pu-LI-to — Clean, tidy; adjective describing cleanliness

il

il — The; masculine singular definite article

pavimento

pa-vi-MEN-to — Floor; the flat surface underfoot in a room

i

i — The; masculine plural definite article

erano

E-ra-no — Were; third-person plural imperfect of essere

lucidati

lu-chi-DA-ti — Polished, buffed; made shiny through effort

brillava

bril-LA-va — Was shining, gleaming; imperfect of brillare

Il

il — The; masculine singular definite article

lavoro

la-VO-ro — Work, labor; activity done for a purpose

pensò

pen-SO — Thought, considered; third-person past of pensare

giovane

JO-va-ne — Young; adjective or noun for a young person

Non

non — Not; basic Italian negation adverb

si

si — Reflexive pronoun; oneself, or impersonal subject

vedeva

ve-DE-va — Could see, was seen; imperfect of vedere

granello

gra-NEL-lo — Grain, speck; tiny particle of a substance

polvere

POL-ve-re — Dust; fine particles settling on surfaces

l'

l' — The; elided definite article before vowel

appartamento

ap-par-ta-MEN-to — Apartment, flat; a residential living unit

È

e — Is; third-person singular present of essere

nelle

NEL-le — In the; contraction of in and le

case

KA-ze — Houses, homes; plural of casa

delle

DEL-le — Of the; contraction of di and le

vecchie

VEK-kye — Old women; elderly; feminine plural adjective

vedove

VE-do-ve — Widows; women whose husbands have died

maligne

ma-LIN-ye — Malicious, wicked; feminine plural adjective

che

ke — That, which, who; subordinating conjunction or pronoun

trova

TRO-va — One finds, finds; third-person singular of trovare

tale

TA-le — Such, this kind of; demonstrative adjective

pulizia

pu-li-TSI-a — Cleanliness, tidiness; state of being clean

nuovo

NWO-vo — New, fresh; masculine singular adjective

lanciò

lan-CHO — Threw, cast; third-person past of lanciare

sguardo

ZGWAR-do — Glance, look; a directed gaze at something

curioso

ku-RYO-zo — Curious, inquisitive; showing interest or curiosity

alla

AL-la — To the; contraction of a and la

tenda

TEN-da — Curtain, blind; fabric hanging over a door

cotone

ko-TO-ne — Cotton; natural plant-based textile fabric

sopra

SO-pra — Above, over, on top of; positional preposition

la

la — The; feminine singular definite article

porta

POR-ta — Door; an entrance or exit panel

conduceva

kon-du-CHE-va — Led to, conducted; imperfect of condurre

altro

AL-tro — Other, another; adjective indicating difference

piccolo

PIK-ko-lo — Small, little; masculine singular adjective

stanzino

stan-TSI-no — Small room, closet; diminutive of stanza

nel

nel — In the; contraction of in and il

quale

KWA-le — Which, in which; relative pronoun

trovavano

tro-VA-va-no — Were found, located; imperfect of trovarsi

letto

LET-to — Bed; furniture for sleeping

della

DEL-la — Of the; contraction of di and la

vecchia

VEK-kya — Old woman; elderly female person

cassettone

kas-set-TO-ne — Chest of drawers; large drawer furniture piece

non

non — Not; Italian negation particle

aveva

a-VE-va — Had; third-person singular imperfect of avere

mai

mai — Never, ever; temporal negation adverb

guardato

gwar-DA-to — Looked at, watched; past participle of guardare

prima

PRI-ma — Before, previously; temporal adverb

Queste

KWES-te — These; feminine plural demonstrative adjective

stanze

STAN-tse — Rooms; plural of stanza, interior spaces

costituivano

kos-ti-twi-VA-no — Constituted, made up; imperfect of costituire

intero

in-TE-ro — Entire, whole; complete masculine adjective

Cosa

KO-za — What, thing; interrogative or noun

vuole

VWO-le — Wants, wishes; third-person singular of volere

disse

DIS-se — Said, told; third-person past of dire

severamente

se-ve-ra-MEN-te — Severely, strictly; adverb indicating stern manner

entrando

en-TRAN-do — Entering; gerund of entrare, going inside

nella

NEL-la — In the; contraction of in and la

stanza

STAN-tsa — Room; enclosed space inside a building

come

KO-me — As if, like, how; conjunction or adverb

fermandosi

fer-MAN-do-si — Stopping oneself; reflexive gerund of fermarsi

fronte

FRON-te — Front, forehead; facing position or body part

lui

LU-i — Him, he; masculine third-person pronoun

modo

MO-do — Way, manner; method of doing something

guardarlo

gwar-DAR-lo — To look at him; infinitive with pronoun

dritto

DRIT-to — Straight, directly; right into something

faccia

FAT-cha — Face; the front of a person's head

Ho

o — I have; first-person singular of avere

portato

por-TA-to — Brought, carried; past participle of portare

qualcosa

kwal-KO-za — Something; an unspecified object or thing

impegnare

im-pen-YA-re — To pawn, pledge; to leave as collateral

tirò

ti-RO — Pulled, drew out; third-person past of tirare

fuori

FWO-ri — Out, outside; adverb of location or direction

dalla

DAL-la — From the; contraction of da and la

tasca

TAS-ka — Pocket; small pouch in clothing for items

vecchio

VEK-kyo — Old; masculine singular adjective of age

orologio

o-ro-LO-jo — Watch, clock; instrument for telling time

d'

d' — Of; elided preposition di before vowel

argento

ar-JEN-to — Silver; precious metal or its color

piatto

PYAT-to — Flat, plate; flat adjective or dish noun

forma

FOR-ma — Form, shape; the outward appearance of something

antiquata

an-ti-KWA-ta — Old-fashioned, antiquated; outdated in style

sul

sul — On the; contraction of su and il

cui

KU-i — Whose, which; relative pronoun

retro

RE-tro — Back, reverse side; rear of an object

inciso

in-CHI-zo — Engraved, inscribed; etched into a surface

globo

GLO-bo — Globe, sphere; round ball-shaped object

catena

ka-TE-na — Chain; series of linked metal rings

acciaio

at-CHA-yo — Steel; strong metal alloy used in manufacturing

Ma

ma — But; adversative coordinating conjunction

tempo

TEM-po — Time, weather; duration or atmospheric conditions

per

per — For, through, by; versatile Italian preposition

suo

SU-o — His, her, its; third-person possessive adjective

ultimo

UL-ti-mo — Last, final; occurring at the end

pegno

PEN-yo — Pledge, pawn; item given as loan collateral

è

e — Is; third-person singular present of essere

scaduto

ska-DU-to — Expired, overdue; past participle of scadere

mese

ME-ze — Month; one of twelve calendar divisions

ieri

YE-ri — Yesterday; the day before today