Enquire within upon everything: The great Victorian-era domestic standby — Page 15
The large vein in the neck is bluish in colour when the fore quarter is fresh, green when it is becoming stale.
当前腿部分新鲜时,颈部的大静脉呈蓝色;当肉开始变质时,则变为绿色。
In the hind quarter, if not recently killed, the fat of the kidney will have a slight smell, and the knuckle will have lost its firmness.
在后腿部分,若宰杀时间较长,肾脏周围的脂肪会略有异味,蹄髈也会失去弹性。
16. Pork.
16. 猪肉。
When good, the rind is thin, smooth, and cool to the touch; when changing, from being too long killed, it becomes flaccid and clammy.
品质良好时,猪皮薄而光滑,摸上去凉爽;若宰杀时间过长开始变质,则会变得松软黏腻。
Enlarged glands, called kernels, in the fat, are marks of an ill-fed or diseased pig.
脂肪中肿大的腺体(称为核)是猪只饲养不良或患病的标志。
17. Bacon
17. 腌肉
should have a thin rind, and the fat should be firm, and tinged red by the curing; the flesh should be of a clear red, without intermixture of yellow, and it should firmly adhere to the bone.
腌肉应有薄薄的外皮,脂肪应结实,并因腌制而略带红色;肉质应呈鲜红色,不夹杂黄色,且应紧贴骨骼。
To judge the state of a ham, plunge a knife into it to the bone; on drawing it back, if particles of meat adhere to it, or if the smell is disagreeable, the curing has not been effectual, and the ham is not good; it should, in such a state, be immediately cooked.
要判断火腿的状态,可将刀插入直至骨骼;拔出时,若有肉屑粘附其上,或有异味,则说明腌制不够充分,火腿质量不佳;在这种情况下,应立即烹饪。
In buying a ham, a short thick one is to be preferred to one long and thin.
购买火腿时,应优先选择短而粗的,而非细而长的。
Of English hams, Yorkshire, Westmoreland, and Hampshire are most esteemed; of foreign, the Westphalian.
在英国火腿中,约克郡、威斯特摩兰和汉普郡的火腿最受推崇;在外国火腿中,以威斯特伐利亚火腿最为著名。
The bacon and "sugar cured" hams now imported in large quantities from Canada and the United States are both cheap and good.
目前从加拿大和美国大量进口的腌肉和"糖腌"火腿,价格实惠且品质优良。
18. Venison.
18. 鹿肉。
When good, the fat is clear, bright, and of considerable thickness.
品质良好时,脂肪清澈明亮,且相当厚实。
Vocabulary
- 当
- dāng — when; at the time of
- 前腿
- qián tuǐ — front leg of an animal
- 部分
- bùfen — part; section; portion of something
- 新鲜
- xīnxiān — fresh; not spoiled or stale
- 时
- shí — at the time when; during
- 颈部
- jǐng bù — neck area; cervical region
- 的
- de — structural particle indicating possession or modification
- 大
- dà — large; big
- 静脉
- jìngmài — vein; blood vessel carrying blood to heart
- 呈
- chéng — to appear as; to present a certain appearance
- 蓝色
- lánsè — blue color
- 肉
- ròu — meat; flesh
- 开始
- kāishǐ — to begin; to start
- 变质
- biànzhì — to spoil; to deteriorate in quality
- 则
- zé — then; in that case; indicating consequence
- 变为
- biànwéi — to change into; to become
- 绿色
- lǜsè — green color
- 在
- zài — at; in; located at
- 后腿
- hòu tuǐ — hind leg of an animal
- 若
- ruò — if; supposing that
- 宰杀
- zǎishā — to slaughter; to butcher an animal
- 时间
- shíjiān — time; period of time
- 较长
- jiào cháng — relatively long; comparatively lengthy
- 肾脏
- shènzàng — kidney; renal organ
- 周围
- zhōuwéi — surrounding area; around something
- 脂肪
- zhīfáng — fat; adipose tissue
- 会
- huì — will; indicating likelihood or ability
- 略有
- lüè yǒu — to have slightly; a little bit of
- 异味
- yìwèi — strange or unpleasant odor
- 也
- yě — also; too; as well
- 失去
- shīqù — to lose; to no longer have
- 弹性
- tánxìng — elasticity; springiness; resilience
- 猪肉
- zhūròu — pork; meat from a pig
- 品质
- pǐnzhì — quality; standard of a product
- 良好
- liánghǎo — good; fine; satisfactory condition
- 猪皮
- zhū pí — pig skin; outer skin of pork
- 薄
- báo — thin; not thick
- 而
- ér — and; yet; connecting two qualities
- 光滑
- guānghuá — smooth; sleek; without roughness
- 摸
- mō — to touch; to feel with hands
- 上去
- shàngqù — to go up; used after verbs directionally
- 凉爽
- liángshuǎng — cool and refreshing to the touch
- 过长
- guò cháng — excessively long; too long in duration
- 变得
- biàn de — to become; to turn into a state
- 松软
- sōngruǎn — soft and loose; mushy in texture
- 黏腻
- niánnì — sticky and greasy; unpleasantly tacky
- 中
- zhōng — in; within; among
- 肿大
- zhǒngdà — swollen; enlarged due to disease
- 称为
- chēngwéi — to be called; to be referred to as
- 核
- hé — node; kernel; here referring to lymph node
- 是
- shì — to be; is; am; are
- 饲养
- sìyǎng — to raise; to breed animals
- 不良
- bùliáng — poor; bad; inadequate condition
- 或
- huò — or; either; alternatively
- 患病
- huànbìng — to suffer from disease; to be ill
- 标志
- biāozhì — sign; indicator; symbol of something
- 腌肉
- yānròu — cured meat; salted or pickled meat
- 应有
- yīng yǒu — should have; ought to possess
- 薄薄
- báobáo — very thin; a thin layer of something
- 外皮
- wàipí — outer skin; rind; exterior covering
- 应
- yīng — should; ought to
- 结实
- jiēshi — firm; solid; sturdy in texture
- 并
- bìng — and; furthermore; in addition
- 因
- yīn — because; due to; owing to
- 腌制
- yānzhì — to cure; to preserve with salt or brine
- 略带
- lüè dài — to slightly have; bearing a hint of
- 红色
- hóngsè — red color
- 肉质
- ròuzhì — meat texture; quality of flesh
- 鲜红色
- xiānhóngsè — bright red color; vivid crimson
- 不
- bù — not; negation particle
- 夹杂
- jiāzá — to be mixed with; to contain intermittently
- 黄色
- huángsè — yellow color
- 且
- qiě — and; moreover; furthermore
- 紧贴
- jǐntiē — to cling tightly to; closely attached
- 骨骼
- gǔgé — skeleton; bones; skeletal structure
- 要
- yào — to want; need; should; must
- 判断
- pànduàn — to judge; to determine; to assess
- 火腿
- huǒtuǐ — ham; cured leg of pork
- 状态
- zhuàngtài — state; condition; status of something
- 可
- kě — can; may; it is possible to
- 将
- jiāng — to take; used before object in action
- 刀
- dāo — knife; blade
- 插入
- chārù — to insert; to push into
- 直至
- zhízhì — all the way to; until; up to
- 拔出
- bá chū — to pull out; to withdraw by force
- 若有
- ruò yǒu — if there is; should there be
- 粘附
- zhānfù — to adhere to; to stick onto a surface
- 其上
- qí shàng — on it; upon the surface of that
- 说明
- shuōmíng — to indicate; to explain; to show
- 不够
- bùgòu — not enough; insufficient
- 充分
- chōngfèn — sufficient; thorough; fully adequate
- 质量
- zhìliàng — quality; standard of a product
- 不佳
- bù jiā — not good; poor; unsatisfactory
- 这种
- zhè zhǒng — this kind of; this type of
- 情况下
- qíngkuàng xià — under such circumstances; in this situation
- 立即
- lìjí — immediately; right away; at once
- 烹饪
- pēngrèn — to cook; culinary preparation of food
- 购买
- gòumǎi — to purchase; to buy something
- 优先
- yōuxiān — priority; to give preference to
- 选择
- xuǎnzé — to choose; to select; a choice
- 短
- duǎn — short; brief in length
- 粗
- cū — thick; coarse; wide in diameter
- 而非
- ér fēi — rather than; instead of; not
- 细
- xì — thin; slender; fine
- 长
- cháng — long; lengthy
- 英国
- Yīngguó — United Kingdom; Britain
- 和
- hé — and; together with
- 最受
- zuì shòu — most favored; most well received
- 推崇
- tuīchóng — to highly esteem; to hold in regard
- 外国
- wàiguó — foreign country; overseas nation
- 以
- yǐ — with; by means of; using
- 最为
- zuì wéi — most; to the greatest degree
- 著名
- zhùmíng — famous; well-known; renowned
- 目前
- mùqián — currently; at present; right now
- 从
- cóng — from; starting from a place or time
- 加拿大
- Jiānádà — Canada; North American country
- 美国
- Měiguó — United States of America
- 大量
- dàliàng — large quantity; in great amounts
- 进口
- jìnkǒu — to import; bring goods from abroad
- 价格
- jiàgé — price; cost of a product
- 实惠
- shíhuì — good value; affordable and practical
- 优良
- yōuliáng — excellent; superior in quality
- 鹿肉
- lùròu — venison; meat from a deer
- 清澈
- qīngchè — clear; transparent; pure and limpid
- 明亮
- míngliàng — bright; luminous; clear and vivid
- 相当
- xiāngdāng — quite; fairly; considerably
- 厚实
- hòushi — thick and solid; substantial in body
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