Frankenstein; or, the modern prometheus — Page 5

Vocabulary

さて

sate — Well; now; used to change or start a topic.

親愛

shin'ai — Dear; beloved; expressing affection or fondness.

なる

naru — To become; also used as an attributive form.

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the sentence topic.

何

nani — What; which; used in questions and expressions.

か

ka — Question particle; also indicates uncertainty or some.

偉大

idai — Great; grand; remarkable in scale or significance.

な

na — Adjectival linking particle connecting na-adjectives to nouns.

目的

mokuteki — Purpose; goal; aim or objective.

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.

成し遂げる

nashitogeru — To accomplish; to achieve a difficult goal successfully.

資格

shikaku — Qualification; eligibility; right or credential to do something.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle; also indicates contrast or emphasis.

ある

aru — To exist; to have; used for inanimate subjects.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle; connects nouns.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action, means, or cause.

ない

nai — Negation; not; does not exist.

しょう

shō — Volitional ending expressing conjecture or suggestion.

人生

jinsei — Life; one's lifetime or way of living.

安楽

anraku — Comfort; ease; a relaxed and pleasant life.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle connecting words or clauses.

贅沢

zeitaku — Luxury; extravagance; indulgent or lavish lifestyle.

中

naka — Inside; among; in the middle of something.

過ごす

sugosu — To spend time; to pass time in a place.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases.

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle.

でき

deki — Can; able to; stem of できる meaning possible.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary; indicates completed action.

富

tomi — Wealth; riches; abundant material possessions.

前

mae — Before; in front of; preceding in time or space.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, time, or purpose.

置い

oite — Place; set; stem form of 置く meaning to put.

あらゆる

arayuru — Every; all; of every kind without exception.

誘惑

yūwaku — Temptation; allurement; being lured toward something undesirable.

より

yori — Than; from; comparative particle indicating a reference point.

栄光

eikō — Glory; honor; splendid fame or distinction.

選び

erabi — Choice; selection; stem of 選ぶ meaning to choose.

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary combined with て/た forms.

ああ

ā — Ah; oh; exclamation expressing emotion or realization.

誰

dare — Who; which person; interrogative pronoun for people.

励まし

hagemashi — Encouragement; cheering someone on with support.

声

koe — Voice; sound produced by a person speaking or calling.

肯定的

kōteitekina — Affirmative; positive; expressing agreement or approval.

答え

kotae — Answer; reply; response to a question.

くれる

kureru — To give (to me); to do a favor for the speaker.

人

hito — Person; human being; someone.

いれ

ire — Conditional stem of いる meaning if there is/were.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning if or when.

よい

yoi — Good; fine; it would be nice or desirable.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is/are; ends polite sentences.

勇気

yūki — Courage; bravery; mental strength to face difficulty.

決意

ketsui — Determination; firm resolve to do something.

揺るぎ

yurugi — Wavering; shakiness; stem of 揺るぐ meaning to waver.

もの

mono — Thing; object; nominalizer expressing a general concept.

希望

kibō — Hope; wish; desire for something positive to happen.

揺れ動き

yure ugoki — Swaying and moving; fluctuating back and forth emotionally.

気力

kiryoku — Energy; willpower; mental strength or vitality.

しばしば

shibashiba — Often; frequently; repeatedly occurring over time.

落ち込み

ochikomi — Depression; slump; sinking low in mood or spirit.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending expressing present or future tense.

これ

kore — This; this thing; proximal demonstrative pronoun.

から

kara — From; because; particle indicating origin or cause.

長く

nagaku — Long; for a long time; adverbial form of 長い.

困難

konnan — Difficulty; hardship; challenging and demanding situation.

航海

kōkai — Voyage; sea journey; sailing across the ocean.

出よう

deyō — Let's set out; volitional form of 出る meaning to depart.

し

shi — Conjunctive particle listing reasons or actions.

て

te — Te-form particle connecting sequential or simultaneous actions.

おり

ori — Humble form of いる; being in a state or situation.

その

sono — That; that particular; medial demonstrative adjective.

緊急

kinkyū — Emergency; urgency; pressing and critical situation.

事態

jitai — Situation; state of affairs; circumstances of an event.

不屈

fukutsu — Indomitable; unyielding; refusing to give up under pressure.

精神

seishin — Spirit; mind; mental or psychological strength.

必要

hitsuyō — Necessary; required; something that is needed.

する

suru — To do; general-purpose verb indicating action.

他者

tasha — Others; other people; those apart from oneself.

高める

takameru — To raise; to elevate; to improve someone's morale.

だけ

dake — Only; just; limiting particle indicating extent.

なく

naku — Without; not having; negative connective form of ない.

彼ら

karera — They; them; third-person plural pronoun.

衰える

otoroeru — To weaken; to decline; to lose strength or vitality.

とき

toki — When; time; the moment or occasion something happens.

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self; reflexive pronoun.

自身

jishin — Oneself; personally; emphasizing the person themselves.

支える

sasaeru — To support; to prop up; to sustain someone or something.

求め

motome — Request; demand; stem of 求める meaning to seek.

られ

rare — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.

旅

tabi — Journey; trip; travel to a distant place.

最も

mottomo — Most; extremely; superlative adverb in Japanese.

好都合

kōtsugō — Convenient; favorable; circumstances working in one's favor.

時期

jiki — Time; season; appropriate period for something.

そり

sori — Sled; sleigh; vehicle sliding over snow.

雪

yuki — Snow; frozen precipitation falling from clouds.

上

ue — Above; on top; upper surface of something.

素早く

subayaku — Quickly; swiftly; moving with speed and agility.

飛ぶ

tobu — To fly; to leap; to move rapidly through the air.

よう

yō — Like; as if; expressing resemblance or intention.

進み

susumi — Advance; progress; stem of 進む meaning to move forward.

動き

ugoki — Movement; motion; activity or physical change.

心地よく

kokochiyoku — Comfortably; pleasantly; in a comfortable agreeable manner.

意見

iken — Opinion; view; one's personal perspective on something.

駅馬車

ekibasha — Stagecoach; horse-drawn carriage for passengers and mail.

はるか

haruka — Far; much; by a great distance or degree.

快適

kaiteki — Comfortable; pleasant; providing ease and convenience.

毛皮

kegawa — Fur; animal pelt used as clothing or covering.

包ま

tsutsum(a) — Wrapped; enclosed; stem of 包む meaning to wrap.

れ

re — Passive verb ending indicating the subject is acted upon.

寒さ

samusa — Cold; coldness; the quality of low temperature.

それほど

sorehodo — That much; so; to that degree or extent.

厳しく

kibishiku — Severely; strictly; adverbial form of 厳しい.

あり

ari — Exists; is; stem of ある used in formal contexts.

ませ

mase — Polite imperative or negative auxiliary verb ending.

ん

n — Informal negation or explanatory particle in speech.

すでに

sudeni — Already; by now; having happened before the present.

取り入れ

toriire — Adopt; incorporate; taking something in or introducing it.

装い

yosooi — Attire; dress; outfit or outward appearance.

それ

sore — That; that thing; medial demonstrative pronoun.

いう

iu — To say; to call; to be called or referred to.

甲板

kanpan — Deck; the flat surface floor of a ship.

歩き回る

arukimawaru — To walk around; to roam about on foot.

運動

undō — Exercise; physical activity; movement for health.

時間

jikan — Time; hours; a duration or specific period.

静か

shizuka — Quiet; calm; peaceful and without noise.

座っ

suwatte — Sitting; seated; te-form of 座る meaning to sit.

まま

mama — As is; remaining in the same state or condition.

いる

iru — To be; to exist; used for animate subjects.

大きな

ōkina — Big; large; great in size or significance.

違い

chigai — Difference; distinction; the state of being different.

なけれ

nakere — Conditional negative; if there is not; unless.

血

chi — Blood; the fluid circulating through the body.

血管

kekkan — Blood vessel; tube carrying blood through the body.

実際

jissai — Actually; in reality; in actual fact or practice.

凍っ

kōtte — Frozen; te-form of 凍る meaning to freeze solid.

しまう

shimau — To end up; to finish; indicates unintended completion.

間

aida / ma — Between; interval; the space or time between things.

街道

kaidō — Highway; main road; an important travel route.

命

inochi — Life; existence; one's living force or vitality.

失う

ushinau — To lose; to be deprived of something important.

野心

yashin — Ambition; aspiration; strong desire for achievement.

持っ

motte — Holding; having; te-form of 持つ meaning to have.

い

i — Stem of いる; being in a state; continuation marker.