Great Expectations — Page 1

Vocabulary

私

watashi — First-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle.

姉

ane — One's own older sister.

夫人

fujin — Mrs.; a formal term for a married woman.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the subject.

より

yori — Particle meaning 'than' used in comparisons.

二十

nijū — The number twenty.

歳

sai — Counter for years of age.

以上

ijō — More than; at least a certain amount.

年上

toshiue — Older in age than someone else.

で

de — Particle indicating means, location, or reason.

を

o — Object-marking particle for direct objects.

手ずから

tezukara — With one's own hands; personally.

育て

sodate — Raise; bring up a child.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb marker.

と

to — Quotation or connective particle meaning 'and/that'.

いう

iu — To say; to be called something.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases.

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self.

自身

jishin — Oneself; emphasis on the person themselves.

近所

kinjo — Neighborhood; the area nearby one's home.

人々

hitobito — People; various persons in a group.

間

あいだ (aida) / ま (ma) — Between; among; a space or interval.

に

ni — Particle indicating location, direction, or time.

大きな

ōkina — Big; large; great in scale or importance.

評判

hyōban — Reputation; public opinion about someone.

確立

kakuritsu — Establish firmly; build up a solid standing.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru meaning 'do/did and…'.

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking verb phrases.

い

i — Stem of iru, indicating ongoing state or action.

その

sono — That; referring to something previously mentioned.

頃

koro — Time; around a certain period or age.

表現

hyōgen — Expression; a phrase or way of saying something.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle; also contrasting particle.

何

nani — What; used in questions about things.

意味

imi — Meaning; significance of a word or action.

する

suru — To do; general-purpose action verb.

か

ka — Question-marking particle at sentence end.

理解

rikai — Understanding; comprehension of meaning or content.

なけれ

nakere — Conditional negative form; must / have to (neg.).

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'.

なら

nara — Conditional form meaning 'if it is the case'.

なかっ

nakatt(a) — Past negative auxiliary; was not the case.

彼女

kanojo — She; her; also used for girlfriend.

固く

kataku — Firmly; rigidly; in a hard or strict manner.

重い

omoi — Heavy; weighty in physical or metaphorical sense.

手

te — Hand; the physical hand of a person.

持ち

mochi — Having; holding; ownership or possession.

だけ

dake — Only; just; limiting particle for scope.

なく

naku — Without; not having; negative connective form.

夫

otto — Husband; one's own spouse (male).

も

mo — Also; too; even; additive particle.

しょっちゅう

shocchū — Frequently; all the time; constantly.

振るう

furuu — To wield; to swing something forcefully.

習慣

shūkan — Habit; custom; regular practice.

ある

aru — To exist; to have (for inanimate things).

知っ

shitt(e) — Knowing; te-form of shiru, to know.

二人

futari — Two people; a pair of persons.

とも

tomo — Both; together; all of the mentioned.

られ

rare — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.

だ

da — Copula meaning 'is' or 'are' (plain form).

思っ

omott(e) — Thinking; te-form of omou, to think.

器量

kiryō — Looks; physical appearance; facial attractiveness.

良い

yoi / ii — Good; fine; of good quality or appearance.

女

onna — Woman; female person.

そして

soshite — And then; furthermore; connecting events or facts.

結婚

kekkon — Marriage; the act of getting married.

さ

sa — Causative suffix or nominalizing/softening particle.

せ

se — Causative verb stem; making someone do something.

違いない

chigainai — Must be; no doubt; certainly the case.

という

to iu — Called; known as; quoting or naming something.

漠然

bakuzen — Vague; hazy; lacking clear definition or focus.

印象

inshō — Impression; the feeling something gives you.

持っ

mott(e) — Holding; having; te-form of motsu.

色白

irojiro — Fair-skinned; having a light, pale complexion.

男

otoko — Man; male person.

滑らか

nameraka — Smooth; sleek; without roughness.

な

na — Adjectival copula linking na-adjectives to nouns.

顔

kao — Face; a person's facial features.

両側

ryōgawa — Both sides; either side of something.

亜麻色

amairo — Flaxen color; light golden-brown like flax.

巻き毛

makige — Curly hair; naturally or artificially curled hair.

たたえ

tatae — Filled with; brimming; having an expression of.

目

me — Eye; the organ of sight.

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly; awfully; to a severe degree.

定まら

sadamara — Not settled; unfixed; uncertain in position.

ない

nai — Negative auxiliary; not; does not exist.

青色

aoiro — Blue color; the color blue.

どういう

dō iu — What kind of; how; in what way.

わけ

wake — Reason; circumstance; meaning behind something.

白目

shirme / shiromi — White of the eye; sclera.

混ざり合っ

mazariat(te) — Mixed together; blended into one another.

しまっ

shimatt(e) — Ended up; completed (often with unintended result).

よう

yō — Appears; seems; like; manner or appearance.

見え

mie — Visible; appearing; te-form of mieru.

彼

kare — He; him; third-person male pronoun.

温和

onwa — Gentle; mild-tempered; peaceful in nature.

お人好し

ohitoyoshi — Good-natured person; someone too trusting or kind.

穏やか

odayaka — Calm; peaceful; gentle in manner or mood.

気性

kishō — Temperament; natural disposition or character.

のんびり

nonbiri — Easygoing; leisurely; relaxed without hurry.

愚直

guchoku — Honest to a fault; simple and straightforward sincerity.

愛すべき

aisubeki — Lovable; worthy of affection and endearment.

だっ

datt(a) — Past form of copula da, meaning 'was/were'.

力

chikara — Strength; power; physical or inner force.

において

ni oite — In terms of; regarding; in the domain of.

あっ

att(e) — Te-form of aru; existing; having been.

弱さ

yowasa — Weakness; lack of strength or fortitude.

また

mata — Also; again; likewise; in addition.

しかり

shikari — Likewise; the same; so it was.

黒い

kuroi — Black; dark in color.

髪

kami — Hair; the hair on one's head.

肌

hada — Skin; the surface of the body.

赤み

akami — Redness; a reddish tinge or flush.

かっ

katt(a) — Past conjunctive of adjective; was (adjective).

石鹸

sekken — Soap; used for washing the body or hands.

代わり

kawari — Substitute; replacement; instead of something else.

ナツメグ

natsumegu — Nutmeg; a spice used in cooking and baking.

おろし

oroshi — Grating; the act of grating food finely.

器

utsuwa / ki — Vessel; container; tool or implement.

体

karada — Body; the physical form of a person.

洗っ

aratt(e) — Washed; te-form of arau, to wash.

いる

iru — To be; to exist (animate beings); ongoing action.

ときどき

tokidoki — Sometimes; occasionally; now and then.

もの

mono — Thing; object; person; nominalizing word.

背

se / せい (sei) — Height; back; stature of a person.

高く

takaku — Highly; tall; adverb form of takai.

骨張っ

honebatt(e) — Bony; angular; having prominent bones.

おり

ori — Te-form of oru; being; existing (humble/regional).

ほとんど

hotondo — Almost; nearly; for the most part.

いつも

itsumo — Always; usually; all the time.

粗い

arai — Rough; coarse; not fine in texture.

エプロン

epuron — Apron; protective garment worn over clothing.

着け

tsuke — Wearing; attaching; te-form of tsukeru.

それ

sore — That; referring to something near the listener.

後ろ

ushiro — Behind; the back side or rear.

二つ

futatsu — Two things; the number two (native counter).

輪

wa — Ring; loop; circular band or tie.

によって

ni yotte — By means of; depending on; due to.

留め

tome — Fastening; securing; holding in place.

前

mae — Front; before; in front of something.

四角い

shikakui — Square; rectangular; having four corners.

難攻不落

nankōfuraku — Impregnable; impossible to attack or take down.

胸当て

muneate — Bib; breastplate; chest guard or covering.

あり

ari — There is/are; existing (literary/formal form).

そこ

soko — There; that place; that spot.

ピン

pin — Pin; a small sharp fastening implement.

針

hari — Needle; a thin sharp sewing or medical tool.

ぎっしり

gisshiri — Packed tightly; crammed full; stuffed densely.

刺さっ

sasat(te) — Stuck in; pierced; te-form of sasaru.