Great Expectations — Page 4

Vocabulary

あなた

anata — Second-person pronoun meaning 'you'.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle in Japanese grammar.

そう

sou — Expression meaning 'so', 'that way', or 'indeed'.

し

shi — Conjunctive verb form or particle listing reasons.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb suffix.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle in Japanese.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is', 'am', or 'are'.

と

to — Particle meaning 'and', 'with', or quotation marker.

私

watashi — First-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle highlighting the sentence subject.

言っ

it(te) — Conjunctive form of 'iu', meaning 'to say'.

それ

sore — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' or 'it'.

で

de — Particle indicating means, location, or reason.

なぜ

naze — Interrogative adverb meaning 'why' or 'for what reason'.

か

ka — Sentence-final question particle.

聞か

kika(se) — Stem form of 'kiku', meaning 'to ask' or 'hear'.

せ

se — Causative auxiliary verb form, making someone do something.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting verbs or clauses.

もらい

morai — Verb meaning 'to receive' a favor from someone.

たい

tai — Auxiliary expressing desire or wish to do something.

もの

mono — Noun meaning 'thing'; also softens emotional statements.

だ

da — Plain-form copula meaning 'is', 'am', or 'are'.

わ

wa — Sentence-final particle adding emphasis or femininity.

姉

ane — Noun meaning 'older sister'.

叫ん

sakebn(de) — Conjunctive form of 'sakebu', meaning 'to shout'.

しくしく

shikushiku — Onomatopoeia for quiet, whimpering, or sobbing crying.

泣き

naki — Stem of 'naku', meaning 'to cry' or 'weep'.

ながら

nagara — Conjunctive meaning 'while doing' two actions simultaneously.

わかり

wakari — Stem of 'wakaru', meaning 'to understand' or 'know'.

ませ

mase — Polite auxiliary verb stem used in formal speech.

ん

n — Colloquial contraction of 'no' or negative 'nai'.

だって

datte — Conjunction meaning 'but', 'even so', or 'because'.

わから

wakara(nai) — Negative stem of 'wakaru', meaning 'do not understand'.

ない

nai — Negative auxiliary meaning 'not' or 'does not exist'.

よ

yo — Sentence-final particle asserting or emphasizing information.

二度と

nidoto — Adverb meaning 'never again' or 'not a second time'.

ごめん

gomen — Informal apology meaning 'sorry' or 'forgive me'.

その

sono — Demonstrative adjective meaning 'that' (near listener).

こと

koto — Noun meaning 'thing', 'fact', or 'matter'.

だけ

dake — Particle meaning 'only', 'just', or 'merely'.

確か

tashika — Adjective/adverb meaning 'certain', 'sure', or 'definite'.

生まれ

umare — Noun/verb stem meaning 'birth' or 'to be born'.

から

kara — Particle meaning 'from', 'since', or 'because'.

という

to iu — Expression meaning 'called', 'known as', or 'that says'.

この

kono — Demonstrative adjective meaning 'this' (near speaker).

エプロン

epuron — Loanword meaning 'apron' worn while cooking or working.

を

wo / o — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.

外し

hazushi — Stem of 'hazusu', meaning 'to remove' or 'take off'.

なんて

nante — Particle expressing surprise, contempt, or emphasis about something.

一度

ichido — Expression meaning 'once' or 'one time'.

も

mo — Particle meaning 'also', 'too', or 'even'.

って

tte — Colloquial quotation or topic particle meaning 'they say'.

本当

hontou — Noun/adverb meaning 'truth', 'reality', or 'truly'.

言える

ieru — Potential form of 'iu', meaning 'can say' or 'can speak'.

鍛冶屋

kajiya — Noun meaning 'blacksmith' or 'smithy workshop'.

女房

nyoubou — Noun meaning 'wife' (somewhat old-fashioned or familiar term).

しかも

shikamo — Conjunction meaning 'moreover', 'furthermore', or 'on top of that'.

男

otoko — Noun meaning 'man' or 'male'.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, time, or indirect object.

なる

naru — Verb meaning 'to become' something.

十分

juubun — Adjective/adverb meaning 'sufficient', 'enough', or 'fully'.

つらい

tsurai — Adjective meaning 'painful', 'hard', or 'tough emotionally'.

お母さん

okaasan — Polite noun meaning 'mother' or 'mom'.

代わり

kawari — Noun meaning 'substitute', 'replacement', or 'instead of'.

まで

made — Particle meaning 'until', 'up to', or 'even'.

なけれ

nakere(ba) — Conditional negative form meaning 'if there is not'.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'.

なら

nara — Conditional copula meaning 'if it is' or 'in that case'.

物悲しく

monoganaashiku — Adverb meaning 'sadly', 'melancholically', or 'sorrowfully'.

炉

ro — Noun meaning 'furnace', 'hearth', or 'forge fire'.

火

hi — Noun meaning 'fire' or 'flame'.

見つめ

mitsume — Stem of 'mitsumeru', meaning 'to gaze' or 'stare at'.

問い

toi — Noun meaning 'question' or 'inquiry'.

思考

shikou — Noun meaning 'thought', 'thinking', or 'cognition'.

さまよい

samayoi — Stem of 'samayou', meaning 'to wander' or 'roam aimlessly'.

始め

hajime — Stem of 'hajimeru', meaning 'to begin' or 'start'.

足

ashi — Noun meaning 'foot', 'leg', or 'step'.

鉄枷

tetsu kase — Noun meaning 'iron shackles' or 'metal leg irons'.

はめ

hame — Stem of 'hameru', meaning 'to fit on' or 'clamp onto'.

湿地帯

shitchitai — Noun meaning 'marshland', 'wetland', or 'swampy area'.

逃亡者

toubosha — Noun meaning 'fugitive', 'runaway', or 'escapee'.

謎めい

nazomei — Stem of 'nazomeku', meaning 'mysterious' or 'enigmatic'.

若い

wakai — Adjective meaning 'young' or 'youthful'.

やすり

yasuri — Noun meaning 'file' or 'rasp' tool for smoothing metal.

食べ物

tabemono — Noun meaning 'food' or 'something to eat'.

そして

soshite — Conjunction meaning 'and then', 'and', or 'moreover'.

あの

ano — Demonstrative adjective meaning 'that' (distant from both speaker and listener).

家

ie / uchi — Noun meaning 'house', 'home', or 'household'.

盗み

nusumi — Noun/stem meaning 'theft' or 'act of stealing'.

働く

hataraku — Verb meaning 'to work' or 'to labor'.

恐ろしい

osoroshii — Adjective meaning 'terrifying', 'dreadful', or 'horrible'.

誓い

chikai — Noun meaning 'oath', 'vow', or 'solemn promise'.

復讐

fukushuu — Noun meaning 'revenge', 'vengeance', or 'retaliation'.

する

suru — Verb meaning 'to do' or 'to perform' an action.

かの

kano — Literary demonstrative meaning 'that' or 'the aforementioned'.

よう

you — Auxiliary meaning 'like', 'as if', or expressing appearance.

燃え盛る

moesagaru — Verb meaning 'to blaze fiercely' or 'burn intensely'.

炭

sumi — Noun meaning 'charcoal' or 'coal'.

中

naka — Noun meaning 'inside', 'middle', or 'among'.

浮かび上がっ

ukabigat(te) — Conjunctive form of 'ukabigaru', meaning 'to surface' or 'emerge'.

ふん

fun — Interjection expressing contempt, disbelief, or indifference ('hmph').

夫人

fujin — Noun meaning 'Mrs.', 'wife', or 'lady' (formal title).

元

moto — Noun/prefix meaning 'former', 'original', or 'source'.

場所

basho — Noun meaning 'place', 'location', or 'spot'.

戻し

modoshi — Stem of 'modosu', meaning 'to return' or 'put back'.

教会

kyoukai — Noun meaning 'church' or 'Christian place of worship'.

墓地

bochi — Noun meaning 'cemetery', 'graveyard', or 'burial ground'.

よく

yoku — Adverb meaning 'often', 'well', or 'frequently'.

ね

ne — Sentence-final particle seeking agreement or confirmation.

二人

futari — Noun meaning 'two people' or 'a pair'.

とも

tomo — Particle meaning 'both' or 'together with all'.

ちなみに

chinamini — Adverb meaning 'by the way' or 'incidentally'.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or living beings.

うち

uchi — Noun meaning 'among', 'within', or 'our home group'.

一人

hitori — Noun meaning 'one person' or 'alone'.

そんな

sonna — Demonstrative adjective meaning 'such', 'that kind of'.

一言

hitokoto — Noun meaning 'a word', 'a brief comment', or 'one remark'.

い

i — Stem of 'iru', meaning 'to exist' or 'to be' (animate).

なかっ

nakat(ta) — Past negative auxiliary stem meaning 'was not' or 'did not exist'.

せい

sei — Noun meaning 'fault', 'blame', or 'cause of a bad result'.

いつか

itsuka — Adverb meaning 'someday', 'sometime', or 'one day'.

追いやら

oiyara(reru) — Stem of 'oiyaru', meaning 'to drive away' or 'push out'.

れ

re — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.

しまう

shimau — Verb meaning 'to end up doing' (often unintentionally or regrettably).

ああ

aa — Interjection expressing sorrow, realization, or lamentation ('ah').

いなく

inaku — Negative adverbial form of 'iru', meaning 'not being there'.

なっ

nat(te) — Conjunctive form of 'naru', meaning 'became' or 'has become'.

たら

tara — Conditional suffix meaning 'if', 'when', or 'once it happens'.

とんでも

tondemo — Prefix meaning 'outrageous', 'unthinkable', or 'terrible'.

二人組

futarigumi — Noun meaning 'pair', 'duo', or 'two-person group'.

でしょう

deshou — Polite form expressing conjecture, meaning 'probably' or 'right?'

彼女

kanojo — Pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'girlfriend'.

お茶

ocha — Noun meaning 'tea' (especially green tea).

道具

dougu — Noun meaning 'tool', 'utensil', or 'implement'.

並べる

naraberu — Verb meaning 'to arrange', 'line up', or 'lay out items'.

取りかかる

torikakaru — Verb meaning 'to set about', 'start on', or 'begin a task'.

自分

jibun — Pronoun meaning 'oneself', 'myself', or 'yourself'.

脚

ashi / kyaku — Noun meaning 'leg' of a person, animal, or furniture.

越し

koshi — Suffix/noun meaning 'over', 'across', or 'beyond something'.

こっそり

kossori — Adverb meaning 'secretly', 'stealthily', or 'on the sly'.

のぞき込ん

nozokikon(de) — Conjunctive form of 'nozokikomu', meaning 'to peer into' something.

まるで

marude — Adverb meaning 'just like', 'as if', or 'completely'.

頭

atama — Noun meaning 'head' or 'mind'.

足し合わせ

tashiawase — Verb phrase meaning 'to add together' or 'sum up'.

予告

yokoku — Noun meaning 'advance notice', 'preview', or 'warning'.

さ

sa — Sentence-final particle asserting or lightening a statement.

悲惨

hisan — Noun/adjective meaning 'miserable', 'wretched', or 'tragic'.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

状況

joukyou — Noun meaning 'situation', 'circumstances', or 'conditions'.

下

shita / ka — Noun meaning 'below', 'under', or 'beneath'.

実際

jissai — Noun/adverb meaning 'reality', 'actually', or 'in practice'.

ところ

tokoro — Noun meaning 'place', 'point', or 'situation in context'.

どんな

donna — Interrogative adjective meaning 'what kind of' or 'what sort'.

だろう

darou — Plain-form conjecture meaning 'probably' or 'I wonder if'.

計算

keisan — Noun meaning 'calculation', 'computation', or 'arithmetic'.

いる

iru — Verb meaning 'to exist' or 'to be' (animate beings).

だっ

dat(ta) — Past copula stem meaning 'was' or 'it was'.

その後

sonogo / sonoato — Adverb meaning 'after that', 'subsequently', or 'thereafter'.

彼

kare — Pronoun meaning 'he', 'him', or 'boyfriend'.

右側

migigawa — Noun meaning 'right side' or 'right-hand side'.

亜麻色

amairo — Noun meaning 'flaxen color', a light golden-blonde shade.

巻き毛

makige — Noun meaning 'curly hair' or 'ringlet'.

頬髭

Noun meaning 'sideburns' or 'cheek whiskers'.

手

te — Noun meaning 'hand' or 'arm'.

触り

sawari — Stem of 'sawaru', meaning 'to touch' or 'feel'.

荒れ

are — Stem of 'areru', meaning 'rough', 'chapped', or 'worn'.

時

toki — Noun meaning 'time', 'moment', or 'occasion'.

いつも

itsumo — Adverb meaning 'always', 'usually', or 'all the time'.

青い

aoi — Adjective meaning 'blue' or 'green' (for natural things).

目

me — Noun meaning 'eye' or 'eyes'.

動き

ugoki — Noun meaning 'movement', 'motion', or 'action'.

追いかけ

oikake — Stem of 'oikakeru', meaning 'to chase' or 'follow after'.

座っ

suwat(te) — Conjunctive form of 'suwaru', meaning 'to sit' or 'be seated'.