Grimms' Fairy Tales — Page 8

Vocabulary

彼

kare — He; that person (third person masculine pronoun).

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.

黄金

ōgon — Gold; something precious or golden in color.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle between nouns.

鞍

kura — Saddle placed on a horse for riding.

を

wo — Direct object marker particle in Japanese grammar.

手

te — Hand; arm; means or method.

に

ni — Direction, location, or indirect object particle.

取る

toru — To take; to grab; to pick up something.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle; when/as conjunction.

目

me — Eye; sight; attention; a point or moment.

覚まし

samashi — Waking up; rousing; alerting someone from sleep.

大声

ōgoe — Loud voice; shouting at high volume.

で

de — At; by means of; particle indicating location or method.

叫ん

sakebn (stem of 叫ぶ) — Shouting; crying out loudly in alarm.

だ

da — Plain form copula meaning 'is' or 'was'.

ので

node — Because; since; causal conjunctive particle.

衛兵

eihei — Guard; sentry; soldier posted for security duty.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.

全員

zen'in — All members; everyone in a group.

駆け込ん

kakekon (stem of 駆け込む) — Rushing into; running inside quickly and urgently.

来て

kite — Coming; arriving (te-form of 来る, kuru).

捕ら

tora (stem of 捕らえる) — Capturing; seizing; apprehending someone by force.

翌朝

yokuasa — The following morning; next day's morning.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the sentence subject.

再び

futatabi — Again; once more; a second time.

裁き

sabaki — Judgment; trial; judicial verdict or decision.

受ける

ukeru — To receive; to undergo; to be subjected to.

ため

tame — For the purpose of; for the sake of.

法廷

hōtei — Court of law; a legal tribunal room.

連れ出さ

tsuredasa (stem of 連れ出す) — Leading out; taking someone outside forcibly.

れ

re — Passive auxiliary suffix indicating action done to subject.

死刑

shikei — Death penalty; capital punishment sentence.

宣告

senkoku — Pronouncement; declaration of a legal sentence.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating completed action.

しかし

shikashi — However; but; conjunction indicating contrast or exception.

もし

moshi — If; supposing that; conditional hypothetical opener.

美しい

utsukushii — Beautiful; lovely; aesthetically pleasing in appearance.

王女

ōjo — Princess; daughter of a king or queen.

そこ

soko — There; that place; a specific nearby location.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a place.

連れ

tsure — Bringing along; accompanying someone to a place.

来る

kuru — To come; to arrive; to move toward speaker.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer turning verbs into nouns.

できる

dekiru — To be able to; to be possible; can do.

なら

nara — If; in the case that; conditional conjunctive.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'.

命

inochi — Life; one's existence; lifespan of a being.

助け

tasuke — Help; rescue; saving someone from danger or death.

られ

rare — Passive/potential auxiliary verb form suffix.

鳥

tori — Bird; a feathered flying creature.

馬

uma — Horse; large domesticated equine animal.

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle adding items.

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self or possession.

もの

mono — Thing; object; something belonging to someone.

として

toshite — As; in the capacity of; treating as something.

与え

atae (stem of 与える) — Giving; granting; providing something to someone.

られる

rareru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb; can be done.

という

to iu — Called; known as; quotative linking expression.

取り決め

torikime — Agreement; arrangement; deal made between parties.

なさ

nasa (stem of なさる) — Honorific stem of 'to do'; respectful verb form.

それから

sorekara — After that; then; and then; following that event.

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly; severely; extremely in a negative sense.

悲しみ

kanashimi — Sadness; grief; deep sorrow or heartache.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneous action conjunctive particle.

歩み去っ

ayumisatt (stem of 歩み去る) — Walking away; departing on foot sadly.

すると

suruto — Then; thereupon; just then; at that moment.

老い

oi — Old age; aging; being elderly or aged.

狐

kitsune — Fox; a cunning wild canine animal.

やっ

yatt (stem of やって来る) — Coming along; turning up; arriving on the scene.

言っ

itt (stem of 言う) — Said; spoke; uttered words to someone.

なぜ

naze — Why; for what reason; interrogative word.

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun.

言う

iu — To say; to speak; to tell someone something.

聞か

kika (stem of 聞く) — Listening; hearing; heeding advice or words spoken.

なかっ

nakatt (stem of なかった) — Did not; negative past auxiliary verb form.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is', 'am', or 'are'.

か

ka — Question particle placed at sentence end.

そう

sō — So; that way; like that; in such a manner.

し

shi — And; doing; conjunctive form of する or 'shi'.

いれ

ire (stem of いれば) — If one does; conditional stem of いる/する.

両方

ryōhō — Both; both sides; two things together.

持ち去る

mochisaru — To take away; to carry off; to remove completely.

でき

deki (stem of できる) — Being able; possibility stem form of できる.

でしょう

deshō — Probably; I suppose; polite conjecture expression.

でも

demo — But; however; even so; contrasting conjunction.

もう

mō — Already; anymore; soon; expressing change of state.

一度

ichido — Once; one time; a single occasion.

あなた

anata — You; second-person singular pronoun in Japanese.

助言

jogen — Advice; counsel; a helpful suggestion or tip.

ましょ

mashō (mashou) — Let's; volitional polite suffix suggesting shared action.

う

u — Volitional suffix expressing intention or suggestion.

まっすぐ

massugu — Straight ahead; directly forward without turning.

進み

susumi (stem of 進む) — Advancing; proceeding forward; moving straight ahead.

なさい

nasai — Imperative polite command: please do this action.

すれ

sure (stem of すれば) — If you do; conditional form of する.

夕方

yūgata — Evening; late afternoon around dusk time.

城

shiro — Castle; fortress; large fortified royal residence.

着く

tsuku — To arrive at; to reach a destination.

でしょ

desho — Right?; probably; informal conjecture particle ending.

夜

yoru — Night; nighttime; the dark hours after sunset.

十二時

jūniji — Twelve o'clock; midnight or noon time.

なる

naru — To become; to turn into; to reach a state.

浴場

yokujō — Bathhouse; bathing room or public bath facility.

行き

iki (stem of 行く) — Going; heading toward; moving to a place.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating present or future tense.

彼女

kanojo — She; her; girlfriend (third-person feminine pronoun).

近づい

chikazui (stem of 近づく) — Approaching; drawing near to someone or something.

口づけ

kuchizuke — Kiss; pressing lips to someone affectionately.

行か

ika (stem of 行く) — Going; negative/conditional stem form of 行く.

れる

reru — Passive or potential verb auxiliary suffix.

許す

yurusu — To forgive; to permit; to allow an action.

ただし

tadashi — However; provided that; on the condition that.

父

chichi — Father; one's own dad (plain/humble form).

母

haha — Mother; one's own mom (plain/humble form).

別れ

wakare — Parting; farewell; saying goodbye to someone.

告げ

tsuge (stem of 告げる) — Telling; informing; bidding farewell to someone.

行く

iku — To go; to move toward a destination.

決して

kesshite — Never; by no means; used with negatives emphatically.

許し

yurushi — Forgiveness; permission; pardon granted to someone.

なり

nari — Become; a form of なる in classical or firm speech.

ませ

mase — Polite imperative ending; please do (formal request).

ん

n — Negative contraction of ない; also softening sentence ender.

尾

o — Tail; the rear appendage of an animal.

伸ばし

nobashi (stem of 伸ばす) — Stretching out; extending; lengthening something outward.

二人

futari — Two people; a pair of individuals together.

切り株

kirikubu — Tree stump; the base left after cutting a tree.

や

ya — And; listing particle connecting multiple nouns loosely.

石

ishi — Stone; rock; a hard mineral object.

越え

koe (stem of 越える) — Crossing over; leaping past an obstacle or boundary.

髪

kami — Hair; the hair on a person's head.

風

kaze — Wind; breeze; air movement through the atmosphere.

そよぐ

soyogu — To sway gently; to rustle in a light breeze.

ほど

hodo — To the extent that; about; approximately; degree.

速さ

hayasa — Speed; swiftness; the rate of movement or pace.

駆け抜け

kakenuke (stem of 駆け抜ける) — Racing through; dashing past at full speed.