Insectivorous Plants — Page 1

English → Spanish CHAPTER III. Level 9/10

AGGREGATION OF THE PROTOPLASM WITHIN THE CELLS OF THE TENTACLES.

AGREGACIÓN DEL PROTOPLASMA EN LAS CÉLULAS DE LOS TENTÁCULOS.

Nature of the contents of the cells before aggregation—Various causes which excite aggregation—The process commences within the glands and travels down the tentacles— Description of the aggregated masses and of their spontaneous movements—Currents of protoplasm along the walls of the cells—Action of carbonate of ammonia—The granules in the protoplasm which flows along the walls coalesce with the central masses—Minuteness of the quantity of carbonate of ammonia causing aggregation—Action of other salts of ammonia—Of other substances, organic fluids, &c.—Of water—Of heat—Redissolution of the aggregated masses—Proximate causes of the aggregation of the protoplasm—Summary and concluding remarks—Supplementary observations on aggregation in the roots of plants.

Naturaleza del contenido de las células antes de la agregación—Diversas causas que excitan la agregación—El proceso comienza dentro de las glándulas y se desplaza hacia abajo por los tentáculos—Descripción de las masas agregadas y de sus movimientos espontáneos—Corrientes de protoplasma a lo largo de las paredes de las células—Acción del carbonato de amoniaco—Los gránulos del protoplasma que fluye a lo largo de las paredes se fusionan con las masas centrales—Pequeñez de la cantidad de carbonato de amoniaco que provoca la agregación—Acción de otras sales de amoniaco—De otras sustancias, fluidos orgánicos, etc.—Del agua—Del calor—Redisolución de las masas agregadas—Causas próximas de la agregación del protoplasma—Resumen y observaciones finales—Observaciones suplementarias sobre la agregación en las raíces de las plantas.

Vocabulary

AGREGACIÓN: The process of clustering or aggregation of particles.
DEL: Contraction of 'de' and 'el'; of the or from the.
PROTOPLASMA: Living substance within cells; cytoplasm and nucleus material.
EN: In; preposition indicating location or position within something.
LAS: Feminine plural definite article; the (used before feminine nouns).
CÉLULAS: Cells; basic structural and functional units of living organisms.
DE: Of; preposition indicating possession, origin, or composition.
LOS: Masculine plural definite article; the (used before masculine nouns).
TENTÁCULOS: Tentacles; flexible appendages used for touching or grasping.
Naturaleza: Nature; essential character or fundamental qualities of something.
contenido: Content; what is contained or included within something.
antes: Before; prior to in time or sequence.
Diversas: Diverse; varied or of different kinds or types.
causas: Causes; reasons or factors that produce an effect.
excitan: Excite; stimulate or provoke a response or reaction.
proceso: Process; series of actions or steps toward a result.
comienza: Begins; starts or commences something at a given time.
dentro: Within; inside or in the interior of something.
glándulas: Glands; organs that secrete substances for bodily functions.
desplaza: Moves or displaces; shifts position from one place to another.
hacia: Toward; preposition indicating direction or movement in a direction.
abajo: Down; in a lower position or toward the bottom.
Descripción: Description; account detailing characteristics or features of something.
masas: Masses; large quantities or collections of material or matter.
agregadas: Aggregated; gathered or collected into a group together.
movimientos: Movements; acts or processes of changing physical position.
espontáneos: Spontaneous; occurring naturally without external cause or planning.
Corrientes: Currents; flows of liquid, air, or electrical charge.
lo: It; masculine singular direct object pronoun or neuter article.
largo: Long; extending considerable distance in length or duration.
paredes: Walls; vertical structures forming sides of rooms or containers.
Acción: Action; process of doing something or exerting effort.
fluye: Flows; moves in a continuous manner like liquid.
fusionan: Fuse; join or blend together into a unified whole.
centrales: Central; located at or forming the center of something.
cantidad: Quantity; amount or number of something measured or counted.
provoca: Provokes; causes or brings about a reaction or response.
otras: Other; different or additional ones of similar type.
sustancias: Substances; materials or matters with particular physical properties.
fluidos: Fluids; substances that flow and conform to container shape.
orgánicos: Organic; relating to living organisms or carbon-based compounds.
agua: Water; clear liquid essential for life and living things.
calor: Heat; thermal energy or warmth transferred between objects.
Causas: Causes; reasons or factors producing effects or consequences.
próximas: Next or nearest; following immediately or closely in sequence.
Resumen: Summary; brief statement containing essential points or main ideas.
observaciones: Observations; acts of noticing details or recording findings systematically.
finales: Final; last in a series or conclusive in nature.
raíces: Roots; underground parts of plants that absorb water.
plantas: Plants; living organisms that photosynthesize and lack animal movement.

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