Insectivorous Plants — Page 1
AGGREGATION OF THE PROTOPLASM WITHIN THE CELLS OF THE TENTACLES.
AGRÉGATION DU PROTOPLASME DANS LES CELLULES DES TENTACULES.
Nature of the contents of the cells before aggregation—Various causes which excite aggregation—The process commences within the glands and travels down the tentacles— Description of the aggregated masses and of their spontaneous movements—Currents of protoplasm along the walls of the cells—Action of carbonate of ammonia—The granules in the protoplasm which flows along the walls coalesce with the central masses—Minuteness of the quantity of carbonate of ammonia causing aggregation—Action of other salts of ammonia—Of other substances, organic fluids, &c.—Of water—Of heat—Redissolution of the aggregated masses—Proximate causes of the aggregation of the protoplasm—Summary and concluding remarks—Supplementary observations on aggregation in the roots of plants.
Nature du contenu des cellules avant l'agrégation — Diverses causes qui provoquent l'agrégation — Le processus commence dans les glandes et se propage le long des tentacules — Description des masses agrégées et de leurs mouvements spontanés — Courants de protoplasme le long des parois des cellules — Action du carbonate d'ammoniaque — Les granules du protoplasme qui s'écoule le long des parois fusionnent avec les masses centrales — Infime quantité de carbonate d'ammoniaque provoquant l'agrégation — Action d'autres sels d'ammoniaque — D'autres substances, fluides organiques, etc. — De l'eau — De la chaleur — Redissolution des masses agrégées — Causes immédiates de l'agrégation du protoplasme — Résumé et remarques finales — Observations supplémentaires sur l'agrégation dans les racines des plantes.
Vocabulary
- AGRÉGATION
- Process of clustering or grouping together into a mass
- DU
- Contraction of 'de le', meaning 'of the'
- PROTOPLASME
- Living substance within a cell, the cellular material
- DANS
- Preposition meaning 'in' or 'inside'
- LES
- Definite plural article meaning 'the'
- CELLULES
- Biological cells, the basic units of life
- DES
- Contraction of 'de les', meaning 'of the' or 'some'
- TENTACULES
- Tentacles, elongated flexible appendages on organisms
- Nature
- The inherent character or essential quality of something
- du
- Contraction of 'de le', meaning 'of the'
- contenu
- Content or contents of something enclosed
- des
- Contraction meaning 'of the' or indefinite plural article
- cellules
- Cells, the fundamental structural units of organisms
- avant
- Preposition or adverb meaning 'before' in time
- l'
- Elided form of definite article 'le' or 'la'
- agrégation
- The clustering or aggregation of particles together
- Diverses
- Various or several different kinds or types
- causes
- Causes, reasons or factors producing an effect
- qui
- Relative pronoun meaning 'who', 'which', or 'that'
- provoquent
- They provoke, trigger, or bring about a reaction
- Le
- Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the'
- processus
- A process or sequence of actions or changes
- commence
- Begins or starts, third person singular present tense
- dans
- Preposition meaning 'in' or 'within' a space
- les
- Definite plural article meaning 'the'
- glandes
- Glands, organs that secrete substances in organisms
- et
- Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses
- se
- Reflexive pronoun meaning 'itself', 'himself', or 'herself'
- propage
- Spreads or propagates from one point to another
- le
- Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the'
- long
- Along, used in 'le long de' meaning 'along'
- tentacules
- Tentacles, slender flexible limbs used for sensing
- Description
- A detailed account or depiction of something observed
- masses
- Masses, large quantities or clusters of material
- agrégées
- Aggregated or clustered together into a collective group
- de
- Preposition meaning 'of', 'from', or 'about'
- leurs
- Possessive adjective meaning 'their' before a noun
- mouvements
- Movements, the act or manner of moving
- spontanés
- Spontaneous, occurring naturally without external cause
- Courants
- Currents or flows moving in a particular direction
- protoplasme
- Protoplasm, the living matter inside a biological cell
- parois
- Walls, referring to cell walls or boundary structures
- Action
- Action or effect produced by a substance or force
- ammoniaque
- Ammonia, a pungent chemical compound of nitrogen and hydrogen
- Les
- Definite plural article meaning 'the'
- granules
- Granules, tiny grains or small particles of a substance
- s'
- Elided reflexive pronoun 'se' used before a vowel
- écoule
- Flows or runs out, drains away gradually over time
- fusionnent
- They merge or fuse together into a single entity
- avec
- Preposition meaning 'with', indicating accompaniment
- centrales
- Central ones, located at or near the center
- Infime
- Infinitesimal or very tiny, extremely small in amount
- quantité
- Quantity or amount of a substance or material
- provoquant
- Provoking or triggering, present participle of provoquer
- autres
- Other, additional, or different items or elements
- sels
- Salts, chemical compounds formed from acid-base reactions
- substances
- Substances, particular kinds of matter or material
- fluides
- Fluids, substances that flow like liquids or gases
- organiques
- Organic, relating to living organisms or carbon compounds
- etc
- Abbreviation of 'et cetera', meaning 'and so on'
- De
- Preposition meaning 'of', 'from', or indicating origin
- eau
- Water, the clear liquid essential for all life
- la
- Feminine singular definite article meaning 'the'
- chaleur
- Heat or warmth, thermal energy affecting substances
- Causes
- Causes or reasons that produce a particular effect
- immédiates
- Immediate causes, directly producing an effect without delay
- Résumé
- Summary or overview of key points discussed
- remarques
- Remarks or observations noted about a subject
- finales
- Final, occurring at the end or in conclusion
- Observations
- Observations, careful notes made while studying something
- supplémentaires
- Supplementary or additional, providing extra information beyond main
- sur
- Preposition meaning 'on', 'about', or 'concerning'
- racines
- Roots, the underground parts of plants absorbing nutrients
- plantes
- Plants, living organisms that produce food through photosynthesis
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