Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 1

Vocabulary

und

Conjunction meaning 'and'

sein

To be; also possessive pronoun meaning 'his'

Hof

Court, yard, or royal household

von

Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'

in

Preposition meaning 'in' or 'into'

unserer

Possessive pronoun meaning 'our' (genitive/dative)

Reihe

Series, row, or sequence of items

Die

Definite article 'the' (feminine/plural)

Urheberrechtsgesetze

Copyright laws governing intellectual property use

ändern

To change or alter something

sich

Reflexive pronoun meaning 'oneself' or 'themselves'

auf

Preposition meaning 'on', 'upon', or 'at'

der

Definite article 'the' (masculine/genitive feminine)

ganzen

Adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire' (inflected)

Welt

The world or globe

stellen

To place, set, or ensure something

Sie

Formal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular/plural)

sicher

Safe, certain, or sure

dass

Conjunction meaning 'that' introducing a clause

die

Definite article 'the' (feminine/plural)

Gesetze

Laws or statutes of a state or country

Ihres

Formal possessive pronoun meaning 'your' (genitive)

Landes

Country or land (genitive form)

überprüfen

To check, verify, or review something carefully

bevor

Conjunction meaning 'before' in time

diese

Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'these' or 'this'

Dateien

Computer files or data documents

weitergeben

To pass on or distribute something to others

Bitte

Please; polite request word

beachten

To pay attention to or observe carefully

wichtigen

Important or significant (adjective, inflected)

Informationen

Pieces of information or data provided

dieser

Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'of this' (genitive)

Kopfzeile

Header line at the top of a document

Wir

Personal pronoun meaning 'we'

empfehlen

To recommend or suggest something to someone

Ihnen

Formal pronoun meaning 'to you' (dative)

Datei

A computer file or document

Ihrer

Formal possessive pronoun meaning 'your' (genitive/dative)

eigenen

Adjective meaning 'own' (inflected form)

Festplatte

Hard drive for storing computer data

zu

Preposition or infinitive marker meaning 'to'

behalten

To keep or retain something in one's possession

damit

Conjunction meaning 'so that' or 'with it'

einen

Indefinite article 'a/an' (masculine accusative)

elektronischen

Electronic or digital (adjective, inflected)

Zugang

Access or entry to something

für

Preposition meaning 'for'

nächsten

Next or nearest (adjective, inflected)

Leser

Reader, a person who reads

offenzuhalten

To keep open (infinitive with zu)

entfernen

To remove or take away something

dies

Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this'

nicht

Negation word meaning 'not'

Dies

Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this'

sollte

Should (modal verb, past subjunctive of sollen)

das

Definite article 'the' (neuter) or 'that'

Erste

First (ordinal adjective, inflected)

was

Relative/interrogative pronoun meaning 'what'

jeder

Pronoun/adjective meaning 'every' or 'everyone'

sieht

Third person singular of 'sehen', to see

wenn

Conjunction meaning 'when' or 'if'

er

Personal pronoun meaning 'he'

Buch

A book or written volume

öffnet

Opens; third person singular of 'öffnen'

Ändern

To change or modify something (infinitive/noun)

oder

Conjunction meaning 'or'

bearbeiten

To edit or work on something

es

Personal pronoun meaning 'it'

ohne

Preposition meaning 'without'

schriftliche

Written (adjective, inflected); in written form

Genehmigung

Permission, approval, or authorization

Worte

Words used in context or speech

sind

Are; third person plural of 'sein'

sorgfältig

Carefully or thoroughly done

gewählt

Chosen or selected (past participle of wählen)

um

Preposition meaning 'around', 'at', or 'in order to'

den

Definite article 'the' (masculine accusative/dative plural)

Nutzern

Users (dative plural of Nutzer)

geben

To give or provide something

sie

Personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'they', or 'it'

darüber

About it or over that; adverbial pronoun

benötigen

To need or require something

rechtlich

Legally or pertaining to the law

mit

Preposition meaning 'with'

Texten

Texts or written works (dative plural)

tun

To do or perform an action

dürfen

Modal verb meaning 'to be allowed to'

Willkommen

Welcome; greeting upon arrival

freien

Free (adjective, inflected); without cost or restriction

schlichten

Plain or simple (adjective, inflected)

Texte

Texts or written documents (plural)

lesbar

Readable or legible by humans or machines

sowohl

Both; used in 'sowohl…als auch' construction

Menschen

People or human beings

als

As or than; used in comparisons

auch

Also or too; additive particle

Computern

Computers (dative plural)

seit

Preposition meaning 'since' or 'for' (time duration)

Diese

Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'these' or 'this'

werden

To become; auxiliary for future or passive voice

Tausenden

Thousands (dative plural of Tausend)

Freiwilligen

Volunteers (dative plural of Freiwillige)

erstellt

Created or produced (past participle of erstellen)

zur

Contraction of 'zu der', meaning 'to the'

Kontaktaufnahme

Making contact or getting in touch with someone

zum

Contraction of 'zu dem', meaning 'to the'

Erhalt

Receipt or receipt of something; obtaining

sowie

As well as; conjunction linking additional items

weitere

Further or additional (adjective, inflected)

einschließlich

Including or inclusive of something

Spendeninformationen

Donation information for charitable giving

unten

Below or at the bottom

aufgeführt

Listed or mentioned (past participle of aufführen)

ist

Is; third person singular of 'sein'

eine

Indefinite article 'a/an' (feminine nominative)

Organisation

An organization or structured group

nach

Preposition meaning 'after', 'to', or 'according to'

Arbeitgeber-Identifikationsnummer

Employer identification number for tax purposes

Titel

Title of a book, work, or person

Autor

Author or writer of a text

Erscheinungsdatum

Publication date of a book or document

Februar

February, the second month of the year

Ja

Yes; affirmative response word

wir

Personal pronoun meaning 'we'

liegen

To lie or be situated; to be ahead (schedule)

etwa

About, approximately, or roughly

ein

Indefinite article 'a/an' or the number one

Jahr

A year; unit of time

vor

Preposition meaning 'before', 'in front of', 'ago'

dem

Definite article 'the' (masculine/neuter dative)

Zeitplan

Schedule or timetable for planned activities

Das

Definite article 'the' (neuter) or demonstrative 'that'

tatsächliche

Actual or real (adjective, inflected)

Datum

Date; a specific day on the calendar

an

Preposition meaning 'at', 'on', or 'to'

erstmals

For the first time

veröffentlicht

Published (past participle of veröffentlichen)

wurde

Was; simple past passive auxiliary of 'werden'

Ausgabe

Edition or issue of a publication

Sprache

Language or speech

Englisch

English, the language of England

benannt

Named or designated (past participle of benennen)