Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 1

Vocabulary

会議

kaigi — Meeting or conference of people

女帝

jotei — Empress; female ruler of an empire

の

no — Possessive or linking particle

評議室

hyōgishitsu — Council chamber; room for deliberation

で

de — Particle indicating location of action

は

wa — Topic-marking particle in Japanese grammar

彼女

kanojo — She; her; third-person female pronoun

内閣

naikaku — Cabinet; group of government ministers

評議会

hyōgikai — Council; deliberative assembly or board

を

wo — Object-marking particle in Japanese grammar

構成

kōsei — Composition; forming or making up a group

する

suru — To do; general-purpose action verb

六人

rokunin — Six people; a group of six persons

貴族

kizoku — Nobility; aristocratic class of people

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate nouns

が

ga — Subject-marking particle in Japanese grammar

開く

hiraku — To open; to hold or convene a meeting

ため

tame — For the purpose of; in order to

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, time, or purpose

陛下

heika — Your Majesty; honorific for a monarch

入室

nyūshitsu — Entering a room; coming into a chamber

待っ

matte — Waiting; in a state of waiting (te-form)

て

te — Te-form conjunctive particle connecting verbs

い

i — Auxiliary indicating ongoing state or action

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective for nearby things

重大

jūdai — Serious; grave or critically important matter

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns

政治

seiji — Politics; political affairs or governance

問題

mondai — Problem; issue or question to be addressed

議論

giron — Debate; discussion or argument about a topic

さ

sa — Passive auxiliary verb suffix (passive form)

れる

reru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb ending

こと

koto — Thing; nominalizer turning verbs into nouns

なっ

natte — Became; te-form of naru (to become)

おり

ori — Formal progressive auxiliary indicating ongoing state

その

sono — That; demonstrative adjective for mentioned things

深刻

shinkoku — Serious; grave or deeply concerning situation

顔

kao — Face; facial expression of a person

反映

han'ei — Reflection; mirroring or expressing something outwardly

れ

re — Passive verb conjugation suffix element

いる

iru — To be; auxiliary for ongoing actions or states

よう

yō — Appears; seems like (conjecture expression)

見え

mie — Appear; to be visible or seem (stem form)

彼ら

karera — They; third-person plural pronoun (mixed group)

暗い

kurai — Dark; dim or gloomy in appearance

暗幕

anmaku — Dark curtain; blackout drape blocking light

古風

kofū — Old-fashioned; antique or traditional in style

調度品

chōdohin — Furnishings; household or room furnishing items

室内

shitsunai — Interior; inside a room or chamber

人々

hitobito — People; various individuals in a group

不安げ

fuange — Anxious-looking; appearing uneasy or worried

表情

hyōjō — Facial expression; look on one's face

よく

yoku — Well; often or suitably (adverb)

似合う

niau — To suit; to match or look fitting with

薄暗く

usuguraku — Dimly; in a faintly dark manner

広々

hirohiro — Spaciously; feeling wide and open (mimetic)

と

to — Quotation or manner particle; and (conjunction)

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru; and moreover

部屋

heya — Room; enclosed indoor living or working space

中

naka — Inside; within a space or group

低い

hikui — Low; quiet in volume or short in height

声

koe — Voice; sound produced by a person speaking

ひそひそ

hisohiso — Whispering; talking in hushed secretive tones

話し合っ

hanashiatte — Discussing; talking something over with others

中央

chūō — Center; the middle of a space or group

男爵

danshaku — Baron; lowest rank of hereditary nobility

伯爵

hakushaku — Count or earl; mid-level noble rank

立っ

tatte — Standing; te-form of tatsu (to stand)

二人

futari — Two people; a pair of individuals

有力

yūryoku — Influential; powerful or prominent in position

政治家

seijika — Politician; person engaged in political activities

十三年

jūsannen — Thirteen years; a period of thirteen years

わたっ

watatte — Spanning; extending over a period or range

信頼

shinrai — Trust; confidence or reliance in someone

賜っ

tamawatte — Granted; honored with (respectful te-form)

き

ki — Past auxiliary (literary) indicating completed action

人物

jinbutsu — Person; notable individual or character of importance

あっ

atte — Being; te-form of aru (to be/exist)

並ん

narande — Standing side by side; lined up together

立ち

tachi — Standing; nominal form of tatsu (to stand)

重要性

jūyōsei — Importance; the quality of being significant

誰

dare — Who; interrogative pronoun asking about a person

も

mo — Also; even; every (inclusive particle)

認める

mitomeru — To acknowledge; to recognize or admit something

ところ

tokoro — Place; point or circumstance being referred to

あり

ari — Existing; there is (formal connective form)

誇り

hokori — Pride; a sense of self-respect and dignity

高く

takaku — Highly; in an elevated or superior manner

堂々

dōdō — Imposingly; in a grand dignified confident manner

たる

taru — Classical attributive verb being; worthy of

態度

taido — Attitude; manner or bearing of a person

国家

kokka — State; nation as a political entity

秘密

himitsu — Secret; confidential information not publicly known

つい

tsuite — About; concerning (te-form of tsuku in tsuite)

語り合っ

katariatte — Conversing; talking with each other at length

色白

irojiro — Fair-skinned; having light or pale complexion

滑らか

nameraka — Smooth; having a sleek or polished quality

傲慢

gōman — Arrogant; haughty or overbearingly proud attitude

勝利

shōri — Victory; triumph over opposition or difficulty

浮かび

ukabi — Floating up; arising or appearing (stem form)

それ

sore — That; mid-distance demonstrative pronoun

隠そう

kakusō — Intending to hide; volitional form of kakusu

なかっ

nakatte — Did not; past negative of nai (te-form)

そし

soshite — And then; furthermore (conjunctive connector)

繊細

sensai — Delicate; fine and sensitive in quality

口元

kuchimoto — Around the mouth; area near one's lips

言葉

kotoba — Words; language or verbal expression

表せ

arawase — Express; potential form of arawasu (to express)

ない

nai — Not; negative auxiliary or adjective

ほど

hodo — To the extent that; degree or limit

満足

manzoku — Satisfaction; feeling of contentment or fulfillment

そう

sō — Seeming; looks like (appearance conjecture suffix)

微笑み

hohoemi — Smile; a gentle and pleasant facial expression

揺れ

yure — Swaying; flickering or wavering (stem form)

私

watashi — I; first-person singular pronoun (formal)

完全

kanzen — Complete; perfect or total without any lack

確信

kakushin — Conviction; firm belief or certainty about something

ます

masu — Polite verb ending for present or future tense

ささやい

sasayaite — Whispering; speaking very softly (te-form)

必ず

kanarazu — Certainly; without fail or definitely

や

ya — And; listing particle or emphatic sentence-final

条約

jōyaku — Treaty; formal agreement between nations or states

更新

kōshin — Renewal; updating or extending something previously made

これ

kore — This; proximal demonstrative pronoun for nearby things

まで

made — Until; up to a point in time or space

輝かしい

kagayakashii — Brilliant; glorious or dazzling in achievement

成果

seika — Results; achievements or outcomes of effort

もたらし

motarashi — Bringing about; causing or producing a result

政策

seisaku — Policy; plan of action adopted by a government

継続

keizoku — Continuation; carrying on without stopping

でしょう

deshō — Probably; polite conjecture about a situation

賢明

kenmei — Wise; showing good judgment and intelligence

です

desu — Is; polite copula verb linking subject and predicate

答え

kotae — Answer; response or reply to a question

確固

kakko — Firm; resolute and unwavering in stance

支持

shiji — Support; backing or endorsement of something

頼り

tayori — Reliance; something to depend or count on

でき

deki — Being able to; potential stem of dekiru

追求

tsuikyū — Pursuit; seeking or striving after a goal

限り

kagiri — As long as; to the extent or limit of

支え

sasae — Support; something that holds up or sustains

続ける

tsuzukeru — To continue; to keep doing something without stopping