Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 12

Vocabulary

HOÀNG

hoàng — Royal, imperial; used in titles for royalty

ĐẾ

đế — Emperor; supreme ruler of an empire

ÁO

áo — Shirt, garment, or piece of clothing

Bữa

bữa — Meal; a time set aside for eating

Tối

tối — Evening, night; also means dark

Tại

tại — At, in; indicates location or place

Nhà

nhà — House, home; place where one lives

Đại

đại — Great, large, grand; prefix for importance

Sứ

sứ — Ambassador, envoy; diplomatic representative

Pháp

pháp — France; also means law or method

Sự

sự — Nominalizer prefix; turns verbs into nouns

Biến

biến — To change, transform; disappear or vanish

Mất

mất — To lose, disappear; no longer present

Của

của — Of, belonging to; possessive particle

Bá

bá — Count, earl; a noble title of rank

Tước

tước — Title of nobility; aristocratic rank designation

Những

những — Plural marker for nouns; those, these things

Gì

gì — What; interrogative word asking about something

Họ

họ — They, them; third-person plural pronoun

Tìm

tìm — To search, look for, seek something

Thấy

thấy — To see, find, perceive; to notice something

Ở

ở — To be at, live in; location preposition

Người

người — Person, people; human being or individual

Mộng

mộng — Dream, fantasy; visionary or dreamy state

Du

du — To wander, travel, roam about freely

Lời

lời — Word, speech, utterance; spoken or written words

Tiên

tiên — Fairy, immortal; first or ahead in sequence

Tri

tri — To know, knowledge; prophecy or prediction

Món

món — Dish, item; classifier for food or gifts

Quà

quà — Gift, present; something given to someone

Hội

hội — Meeting, association, conference, gathering of people

Nghị

nghị — To discuss, deliberate; council or assembly

Kỷ

kỷ — Anniversary, era, period; commemorating an event

Niệm

niệm — Memory, remembrance; to recite or recall

Đế

đế — Emperor; supreme ruler of an empire

Nữ

nữ — Female, woman; feminine gender indicator

Diễn

diễn — To perform, act, present on stage

Viên

viên — Member, officer; person in a specific role

Chính

chính — Main, principal, primary; leading or correct

Và

và — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

Hoàng

hoàng — Royal, imperial; used in titles for royalty

Tử

tử — Prince; child or son in royal context

Nga

nga — Russia; the country Russia in Vietnamese

Kẻ

kẻ — Person, individual; often used for villains

Thù

thù — Enemy, foe; one who is hostile

Toàn

toàn — Entire, whole, all; completely encompassing everything

Châu

châu — Continent; also jewel or province historically

Âu

âu — Europe; also means worried or anxious

Bản

bản — Map, copy, version; original document or print

Đồ

đồ — Map; also things or objects in general

Ba

ba — Three; also father in informal Vietnamese speech

Lan

lan — Poland; also orchid flower in Vietnamese

Lễ

lễ — Ceremony, ritual, courtesy; formal observance or rite

Nghi

nghi — Ritual, ceremony; protocol or formal procedure

Triều

triều — Dynasty, court; royal court or tidal flow

Đình

đình — Court, communal house; administrative or royal court

Chiến

chiến — War, battle, fight; military conflict or combat

Thắng

thắng — To win, victory; defeating an opponent successfully

Ngoại

ngoại — Foreign, external, outside; relating to other countries

Giao

giao — Diplomacy, to hand over; diplomatic relations

Tin

tin — News, information, to believe or trust

Đồn

đồn — Rumor, gossip; fort or military outpost

Một

một — One; the number one or a single item

Giải

giải — To explain, solve, release; prize or award

Thích

thích — To like, enjoy; explanation or interpretation

Nạn

nạn — Disaster, calamity, misfortune; suffering or hardship

Đói

đói — Hunger, famine; feeling of being hungry

Canh

canh — To guard, watch; also broth or soup

Đen

đen — Black; dark color or unlucky in meaning

Tống

tống — To extort, send off forcibly; blackmail action

Tiền

tiền — Money, currency; also means before or front

Hạng

hạng — Class, rank, category; level or grade

Sang

sang — Luxurious, elegant, to cross over; wealthy appearance

Bí

bí — Secret, mysterious; also pumpkin vegetable

Ẩn

ẩn — Hidden, concealed; mysterious or reclusive

Lên

lên — To go up, rise; directional verb upward

Tiếng

tiếng — Sound, voice, language; word for speaking up

Thỉnh

thỉnh — To petition, request humbly, invite formally

Cầu

cầu — To pray, beg, request; also bridge or ball

Cuối

cuối — Last, final, end; at the conclusion of

Cùng

cùng — Together, same, final; extreme end or jointly

Điên

điên — Crazy, insane, mad; mentally unstable behavior

Loạn

loạn — Chaos, disorder, rebellion; state of confusion

Đính

đính — To attach, affix; betrothal or engagement ceremony

Hôn

hôn — To kiss, marriage; betrothal or wedding context

Ngày

ngày — Day; a unit of time from sunrise to sunset

Đầu

đầu — Head, beginning, first; start of something

Ánh

ánh — Light, ray, gleam; a beam or flash of light

Sáng

sáng — Bright, morning, light; illuminated or early day

Lược

lược — Summary, comb; brief overview or abbreviation

Cuộc

cuộc — Event, match, affair; classifier for events or struggles

Đấu

đấu — To fight, struggle, compete; combat or contest

Tranh

tranh — To struggle, compete; also picture or painting

Nội

nội — Internal, inner, domestic; inside or paternal side

Tâm

tâm — Heart, mind, soul; center of feelings and thought

Đám

đám — Group, crowd, wedding; classifier for gatherings

Cưới

cưới — Wedding, marriage ceremony; to get married

Cưỡng

cưỡng — To force, coerce, compel against one's will

Bức

bức — To force, suffocate; classifier for pictures or walls

Từ

từ — From, since; word or to bid farewell

Biệt

biệt — To part, separate, farewell; goodbye or distinguish

Buổi

buổi — Session, period of day; morning, afternoon, or evening

Hòa

hòa — Peace, harmony, to reconcile; also draw in games

Nhạc

nhạc — Music; musical sound or a musical piece

Thảm

thảm — Tragedy, disaster, horrific; terrible or devastating event

Họa

họa — Disaster, calamity; also painting or drawing

Ghi

ghi — To record, note down, write; memorize or register

Nhớ

nhớ — To remember, miss someone; memory or recollection

Áo

áo — Austria; also shirt or garment in Vietnamese

Danh

danh — Name, fame, reputation; renown or title

Sách

sách — Book; a written or printed publication

Vua

vua — King; male monarch or ruler of a kingdom

Bài

bài — Article, lesson, piece; written or musical composition

Châm

châm — To prick, satirize; needle or satirical criticism

Biếm

biếm — To satirize, mock; critical or sarcastic commentary

Mốt

mốt — Fashion trend, style; the latest fashionable style

Thời

thời — Time, era, period; a point or span of time

Trang

trang — Fashion, dress, page; clothing style or decoration

Mới

mới — New, recent, fresh; recently made or introduced

Đền

đền — Temple, shrine; place of worship or compensation

Thờ

thờ — To worship, venerate; show religious reverence

Hậu

hậu — Consequence, queen, after; resulting effect or aftermath

Quả

quả — Fruit, result, consequence; outcome of an action

Đáng

đáng — Worthy, deserving, suitable; merit or appropriateness

Tiếc

tiếc — To regret, pity; feeling of sorrow or loss

Chúng

chúng — We, they, those; plural pronoun for group

Bình

bình — Peaceful, calm, ordinary; also vase or container

Minh

minh — Dawn, bright; early morning light or clarity

Hôm

hôm — Day; used in time expressions like today, yesterday

Sau

sau — After, behind, next; following in time or place

Kêu

kêu — To call out, appeal, cry; make a vocal sound

Gọi

gọi — To call, name, summon; address or contact someone

Trốn

trốn — To hide, escape, flee; avoid detection or capture

Chạy

chạy — To run, flee; move quickly on foot

Cha

cha — Father, dad; male parent or priest

Đỡ

đỡ — To support, help, godfather; to assist or sponsor