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Leviathan — Page 5

English → Pt Preface Level 9/10

If notwithstanding this, you find my labour generally decryed, you may be pleased to excuse your selfe, and say that I am a man that love my own opinions, and think all true I say, that I honoured your Brother, and honour you, and have presum'd on that, to assume the Title (without your knowledge) of being, as I am,

Se não obstante isso, encontrardes meu trabalho geralmente difamado, podereis dar-vos ao prazer de me desculpar, e dizer que sou um homem que ama suas próprias opiniões, e pensa verdadeiro tudo o que diz, que honrei vosso Irmão, e vos honro, e presumi nisso, para assumir o Título (sem vosso conhecimento) de ser, como sou,

Sir,

Senhor,

Your most humble, and most obedient servant, Thomas Hobbes.

Vosso mais humilde, e mais obediente servidor, Thomas Hobbes.

Paris APRILL 15/25 1651.

Paris ABRIL 15/25 1651.

CONTENTS OF THE CHAPTERS

CONTEÚDO DOS CAPÍTULOS

THE FIRST PART

A PRIMEIRA PARTE

OF MAN

DO HOMEM

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUÇÃO

1. OF SENSE

1. DO SENTIDO

2. OF IMAGINATION

2. DA IMAGINAÇÃO

3. OF THE CONSEQUENCES OR TRAIN OF IMAGINATIONS

3. DAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS OU CADEIA DE IMAGINAÇÕES

4. OF SPEECH

4. DA FALA

5. OF REASON AND SCIENCE

5. DA RAZÃO E DA CIÊNCIA

6. OF THE INTERIOUR BEGINNINGS OF VOLUNTARY MOTIONS, COMMONLY CALLED THE PASSIONS; AND THE SPEECHES BY WHICH THEY ARE EXPRESSED

6. DOS PRINCÍPIOS INTERIORES DOS MOVIMENTOS VOLUNTÁRIOS, COMUMENTE CHAMADOS DE PAIXÕES; E OS DISCURSOS PELOS QUAIS SÃO EXPRESSOS

7. OF THE ENDS OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE

7. DOS FINS OU RESOLUÇÕES DO DISCURSO

8. OF THE VERTUES, COMMONLY CALLED INTELLECTUALL, AND THEIR CONTRARY DEFECTS

8. DAS VIRTUDES, COMUMENTE CHAMADAS INTELECTUAIS, E SEUS DEFEITOS CONTRÁRIOS

9. OF THE SEVERALL SUBJECTS OF KNOWLEDGE

9. DOS DIVERSOS SUJEITOS DO CONHECIMENTO

10. OF POWER, WORTH, DIGNITY, HONOUR, AND WORTHINESSE

10. DO PODER, VALOR, DIGNIDADE, HONRA E MÉRITO

11. OF THE DIFFERENCE OF MANNERS

11. DA DIFERENÇA DE COSTUMES

12. OF RELIGION

12. DA RELIGIÃO

13. OF THE NATURALL CONDITION OF MANKIND AS CONCERNING THEIR FELICITY AND MISERY

13. DA CONDIÇÃO NATURAL DA HUMANIDADE NO QUE CONCERNE À SUA FELICIDADE E MISÉRIA

14. OF THE FIRST AND SECOND NATURALL LAWES, AND OF CONTRACT

14. DA PRIMEIRA E SEGUNDA LEIS NATURAIS, E DO CONTRATO

15. OF OTHER LAWES OF NATURE

15. DE OUTRAS LEIS DA NATUREZA

16. OF PERSONS, AUTHORS, AND THINGS PERSONATED

16. DE PESSOAS, AUTORES E COISAS PERSONIFICADAS

THE SECOND PART

A SEGUNDA PARTE

OF COMMON-WEALTH

DA REPÚBLICA

17. OF THE CAUSES, GENERATION, AND DEFINITION OF A COMMON-WEALTH

17. DAS CAUSAS, GERAÇÃO E DEFINIÇÃO DE UMA REPÚBLICA

18. OF THE RIGHTS OF SOVERAIGNES BY INSTITUTION

18. DOS DIREITOS DOS SOBERANOS POR INSTITUIÇÃO

19. OF SEVERALL KINDS OF COMMON-WEALTH BY INSTITUTION; AND OF SUCCESION TO THE SOVERAIGN POWER

19. DOS DIVERSOS TIPOS DE REPÚBLICA POR INSTITUIÇÃO; E DA SUCESSÃO AO PODER SOBERANO

20.

20.

Vocabulary

Se
Reflexive pronoun or conditional conjunction meaning 'if/itself'
não
Negation word meaning 'no' or 'not'
obstante
Used in 'não obstante', meaning 'notwithstanding' or 'nevertheless'
isso
Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' or 'this thing'
encontrardes
Second person plural future subjunctive of 'encontrar', meaning 'if you find'
meu
Possessive pronoun meaning 'my'
trabalho
Noun meaning 'work' or 'labor'
geralmente
Adverb meaning 'generally' or 'usually'
difamado
Adjective meaning 'defamed' or 'slandered'
podereis
Second person plural future of 'poder', meaning 'you will be able'
dar-vos
Reflexive infinitive meaning 'to give yourselves'
ao
Contraction of 'a' and 'o', meaning 'to the'
prazer
Noun meaning 'pleasure' or 'enjoyment'
de
Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'
me
First person singular object pronoun meaning 'me'
desculpar
Verb meaning 'to excuse' or 'to forgive'
e
Conjunction meaning 'and'
dizer
Verb meaning 'to say' or 'to tell'
que
Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that' or 'which'
sou
First person singular present of 'ser', meaning 'I am'
um
Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one'
homem
Noun meaning 'man' or 'human being'
ama
Third person singular present of 'amar', meaning 'loves'
suas
Possessive pronoun meaning 'his', 'her', or 'their' (plural)
próprias
Adjective meaning 'own' or 'one's own' (feminine plural)
opiniões
Noun meaning 'opinions' or 'views'
pensa
Third person singular present of 'pensar', meaning 'thinks'
verdadeiro
Adjective meaning 'true' or 'genuine'
tudo
Indefinite pronoun meaning 'everything' or 'all'
o
Definite article meaning 'the' (masculine singular)
diz
Third person singular present of 'dizer', meaning 'says'
honrei
First person singular past of 'honrar', meaning 'I honored'
vosso
Second person plural possessive meaning 'your' (formal)
Irmão
Noun meaning 'brother'
vos
Second person plural object pronoun meaning 'you' (formal)
honro
First person singular present of 'honrar', meaning 'I honor'
presumi
First person singular past of 'presumir', meaning 'I presumed'
nisso
Contraction of 'em' and 'isso', meaning 'in that'
para
Preposition meaning 'for', 'to', or 'in order to'
assumir
Verb meaning 'to assume' or 'to take on'
Título
Noun meaning 'title' or 'designation'
sem
Preposition meaning 'without'
conhecimento
Noun meaning 'knowledge' or 'awareness'
ser
Verb meaning 'to be' (permanent or essential states)
como
Conjunction or adverb meaning 'as', 'like', or 'how'
Senhor
Noun meaning 'Sir', 'Mister', or 'Lord'
Vosso
Second person plural possessive meaning 'Your' (formal/archaic)
mais
Adverb or adjective meaning 'more' or 'most'
humilde
Adjective meaning 'humble' or 'modest'
obediente
Adjective meaning 'obedient' or 'compliant'
servidor
Noun meaning 'servant' or 'server'
ABRIL
Noun meaning 'April', the fourth month
CONTEÚDO
Noun meaning 'contents' or 'content'
DOS
Contraction of 'de' and 'os', meaning 'of the' (masculine plural)
CAPÍTULOS
Noun meaning 'chapters' of a book or text
A
Definite article meaning 'the' (feminine singular)
PRIMEIRA
Ordinal adjective meaning 'first' (feminine)
PARTE
Noun meaning 'part' or 'section'
DO
Contraction of 'de' and 'o', meaning 'of the' (masculine)
HOMEM
Noun meaning 'man' or 'mankind'
INTRODUÇÃO
Noun meaning 'introduction' or 'preface'
SENTIDO
Noun meaning 'sense' or 'meaning' (as in perception)
DA
Contraction of 'de' and 'a', meaning 'of the' (feminine)
IMAGINAÇÃO
Noun meaning 'imagination' or 'mental imagery'
DAS
Contraction of 'de' and 'as', meaning 'of the' (feminine plural)
CONSEQUÊNCIAS
Noun meaning 'consequences' or 'results'
OU
Conjunction meaning 'or'
CADEIA
Noun meaning 'chain' or 'sequence'
DE
Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'
IMAGINAÇÕES
Noun meaning 'imaginations' or 'mental images' (plural)
FALA
Noun meaning 'speech' or 'talk'
RAZÃO
Noun meaning 'reason' or 'rational thought'
E
Conjunction meaning 'and'
CIÊNCIA
Noun meaning 'science' or 'systematic knowledge'
PRINCÍPIOS
Noun meaning 'principles' or 'foundations'
INTERIORES
Adjective meaning 'interior' or 'inner' (plural)
MOVIMENTOS
Noun meaning 'movements' or 'motions' (plural)
VOLUNTÁRIOS
Adjective meaning 'voluntary' or 'intentional' (plural)
COMUMENTE
Adverb meaning 'commonly' or 'usually'
CHAMADOS
Past participle of 'chamar', meaning 'called' or 'named'
PAIXÕES
Noun meaning 'passions' or 'strong emotions' (plural)
OS
Definite article meaning 'the' (masculine plural)
DISCURSOS
Noun meaning 'discourses' or 'speeches' (plural)
PELOS
Contraction of 'por' and 'os', meaning 'by the' (plural)
QUAIS
Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'whom' (plural)
SÃO
Third person plural present of 'ser', meaning 'are'
EXPRESSOS
Past participle meaning 'expressed' or 'stated' (plural)
FINS
Noun meaning 'ends' or 'purposes' (plural)
RESOLUÇÕES
Noun meaning 'resolutions' or 'decisions' (plural)
DISCURSO
Noun meaning 'discourse' or 'speech'
VIRTUDES
Noun meaning 'virtues' or 'moral qualities' (plural)
CHAMADAS
Past participle of 'chamar', meaning 'called' (feminine plural)
INTELECTUAIS
Adjective meaning 'intellectual' or 'mental' (plural)
SEUS
Possessive pronoun meaning 'their' or 'his/her' (plural)
DEFEITOS
Noun meaning 'defects' or 'flaws' (plural)
CONTRÁRIOS
Adjective or noun meaning 'contraries' or 'opposites'
DIVERSOS
Adjective meaning 'diverse' or 'various' (plural)
SUJEITOS
Noun meaning 'subjects' or 'topics' (plural)
CONHECIMENTO
Noun meaning 'knowledge' or 'understanding'
PODER
Noun or verb meaning 'power' or 'to be able'
VALOR
Noun meaning 'value', 'worth', or 'courage'
DIGNIDADE
Noun meaning 'dignity' or 'worthiness'
HONRA
Noun meaning 'honor' or 'respect'
MÉRITO
Noun meaning 'merit' or 'deserved recognition'
DIFERENÇA
Noun meaning 'difference' or 'distinction'
COSTUMES
Noun meaning 'customs' or 'manners' (plural)
RELIGIÃO
Noun meaning 'religion' or 'faith'
CONDIÇÃO
Noun meaning 'condition' or 'state of being'
NATURAL
Adjective meaning 'natural' or 'innate'
HUMANIDADE
Noun meaning 'humanity' or 'humankind'
NO
Contraction of 'em' and 'o', meaning 'in the' (masculine)
QUE
Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that', 'which', or 'what'
CONCERNE
Third person singular of 'concernir', meaning 'concerns'
À
Contraction of 'a' and 'a', meaning 'to the' (feminine)
SUA
Possessive pronoun meaning 'his', 'her', or 'its' (feminine)
FELICIDADE
Noun meaning 'happiness' or 'felicity'
MISÉRIA
Noun meaning 'misery' or 'wretchedness'
SEGUNDA
Ordinal adjective meaning 'second' (feminine)
LEIS
Noun meaning 'laws' (plural)
NATURAIS
Adjective meaning 'natural' (plural)
CONTRATO
Noun meaning 'contract' or 'agreement'
OUTRAS
Adjective or pronoun meaning 'other' (feminine plural)
NATUREZA
Noun meaning 'nature' or 'natural world'
PESSOAS
Noun meaning 'persons' or 'people' (plural)
AUTORES
Noun meaning 'authors' or 'originators' (plural)
COISAS
Noun meaning 'things' or 'objects' (plural)
PERSONIFICADAS
Past participle meaning 'personified' or 'represented' (feminine plural)
REPÚBLICA
Noun meaning 'republic' or 'commonwealth'
CAUSAS
Noun meaning 'causes' or 'reasons' (plural)
GERAÇÃO
Noun meaning 'generation' or 'creation'
DEFINIÇÃO
Noun meaning 'definition' or 'explanation'
UMA
Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one' (feminine)
DIREITOS
Noun meaning 'rights' or 'entitlements' (plural)
SOBERANOS
Noun or adjective meaning 'sovereigns' or 'sovereign' (plural)
POR
Preposition meaning 'by', 'for', or 'through'
INSTITUIÇÃO
Noun meaning 'institution' or 'establishment'
TIPOS
Noun meaning 'types' or 'kinds' (plural)
SUCESSÃO
Noun meaning 'succession' or 'sequence of power'
AO
Contraction of 'a' and 'o', meaning 'to the' (masculine)
SOBERANO
Noun meaning 'sovereign' or 'supreme ruler'
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