Leviathan — Page 5
If notwithstanding this, you find my labour generally decryed, you may be pleased to excuse your selfe, and say that I am a man that love my own opinions, and think all true I say, that I honoured your Brother, and honour you, and have presum'd on that, to assume the Title (without your knowledge) of being, as I am,
Se não obstante isso, encontrardes meu trabalho geralmente difamado, podereis dar-vos ao prazer de me desculpar, e dizer que sou um homem que ama suas próprias opiniões, e pensa verdadeiro tudo o que diz, que honrei vosso Irmão, e vos honro, e presumi nisso, para assumir o Título (sem vosso conhecimento) de ser, como sou,
Sir,
Senhor,
Your most humble, and most obedient servant, Thomas Hobbes.
Vosso mais humilde, e mais obediente servidor, Thomas Hobbes.
Paris APRILL 15/25 1651.
Paris ABRIL 15/25 1651.
CONTENTS OF THE CHAPTERS
CONTEÚDO DOS CAPÍTULOS
THE FIRST PART
A PRIMEIRA PARTE
OF MAN
DO HOMEM
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUÇÃO
1. OF SENSE
1. DO SENTIDO
2. OF IMAGINATION
2. DA IMAGINAÇÃO
3. OF THE CONSEQUENCES OR TRAIN OF IMAGINATIONS
3. DAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS OU CADEIA DE IMAGINAÇÕES
4. OF SPEECH
4. DA FALA
5. OF REASON AND SCIENCE
5. DA RAZÃO E DA CIÊNCIA
6. OF THE INTERIOUR BEGINNINGS OF VOLUNTARY MOTIONS, COMMONLY CALLED THE PASSIONS; AND THE SPEECHES BY WHICH THEY ARE EXPRESSED
6. DOS PRINCÍPIOS INTERIORES DOS MOVIMENTOS VOLUNTÁRIOS, COMUMENTE CHAMADOS DE PAIXÕES; E OS DISCURSOS PELOS QUAIS SÃO EXPRESSOS
7. OF THE ENDS OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE
7. DOS FINS OU RESOLUÇÕES DO DISCURSO
8. OF THE VERTUES, COMMONLY CALLED INTELLECTUALL, AND THEIR CONTRARY DEFECTS
8. DAS VIRTUDES, COMUMENTE CHAMADAS INTELECTUAIS, E SEUS DEFEITOS CONTRÁRIOS
9. OF THE SEVERALL SUBJECTS OF KNOWLEDGE
9. DOS DIVERSOS SUJEITOS DO CONHECIMENTO
10. OF POWER, WORTH, DIGNITY, HONOUR, AND WORTHINESSE
10. DO PODER, VALOR, DIGNIDADE, HONRA E MÉRITO
11. OF THE DIFFERENCE OF MANNERS
11. DA DIFERENÇA DE COSTUMES
12. OF RELIGION
12. DA RELIGIÃO
13. OF THE NATURALL CONDITION OF MANKIND AS CONCERNING THEIR FELICITY AND MISERY
13. DA CONDIÇÃO NATURAL DA HUMANIDADE NO QUE CONCERNE À SUA FELICIDADE E MISÉRIA
14. OF THE FIRST AND SECOND NATURALL LAWES, AND OF CONTRACT
14. DA PRIMEIRA E SEGUNDA LEIS NATURAIS, E DO CONTRATO
15. OF OTHER LAWES OF NATURE
15. DE OUTRAS LEIS DA NATUREZA
16. OF PERSONS, AUTHORS, AND THINGS PERSONATED
16. DE PESSOAS, AUTORES E COISAS PERSONIFICADAS
THE SECOND PART
A SEGUNDA PARTE
OF COMMON-WEALTH
DA REPÚBLICA
17. OF THE CAUSES, GENERATION, AND DEFINITION OF A COMMON-WEALTH
17. DAS CAUSAS, GERAÇÃO E DEFINIÇÃO DE UMA REPÚBLICA
18. OF THE RIGHTS OF SOVERAIGNES BY INSTITUTION
18. DOS DIREITOS DOS SOBERANOS POR INSTITUIÇÃO
19. OF SEVERALL KINDS OF COMMON-WEALTH BY INSTITUTION; AND OF SUCCESION TO THE SOVERAIGN POWER
19. DOS DIVERSOS TIPOS DE REPÚBLICA POR INSTITUIÇÃO; E DA SUCESSÃO AO PODER SOBERANO
20.
20.
Vocabulary
- Se
- Reflexive pronoun or conditional conjunction meaning 'if/itself'
- não
- Negation word meaning 'no' or 'not'
- obstante
- Used in 'não obstante', meaning 'notwithstanding' or 'nevertheless'
- isso
- Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' or 'this thing'
- encontrardes
- Second person plural future subjunctive of 'encontrar', meaning 'if you find'
- meu
- Possessive pronoun meaning 'my'
- trabalho
- Noun meaning 'work' or 'labor'
- geralmente
- Adverb meaning 'generally' or 'usually'
- difamado
- Adjective meaning 'defamed' or 'slandered'
- podereis
- Second person plural future of 'poder', meaning 'you will be able'
- dar-vos
- Reflexive infinitive meaning 'to give yourselves'
- ao
- Contraction of 'a' and 'o', meaning 'to the'
- prazer
- Noun meaning 'pleasure' or 'enjoyment'
- de
- Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'
- me
- First person singular object pronoun meaning 'me'
- desculpar
- Verb meaning 'to excuse' or 'to forgive'
- e
- Conjunction meaning 'and'
- dizer
- Verb meaning 'to say' or 'to tell'
- que
- Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that' or 'which'
- sou
- First person singular present of 'ser', meaning 'I am'
- um
- Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one'
- homem
- Noun meaning 'man' or 'human being'
- ama
- Third person singular present of 'amar', meaning 'loves'
- suas
- Possessive pronoun meaning 'his', 'her', or 'their' (plural)
- próprias
- Adjective meaning 'own' or 'one's own' (feminine plural)
- opiniões
- Noun meaning 'opinions' or 'views'
- pensa
- Third person singular present of 'pensar', meaning 'thinks'
- verdadeiro
- Adjective meaning 'true' or 'genuine'
- tudo
- Indefinite pronoun meaning 'everything' or 'all'
- o
- Definite article meaning 'the' (masculine singular)
- diz
- Third person singular present of 'dizer', meaning 'says'
- honrei
- First person singular past of 'honrar', meaning 'I honored'
- vosso
- Second person plural possessive meaning 'your' (formal)
- Irmão
- Noun meaning 'brother'
- vos
- Second person plural object pronoun meaning 'you' (formal)
- honro
- First person singular present of 'honrar', meaning 'I honor'
- presumi
- First person singular past of 'presumir', meaning 'I presumed'
- nisso
- Contraction of 'em' and 'isso', meaning 'in that'
- para
- Preposition meaning 'for', 'to', or 'in order to'
- assumir
- Verb meaning 'to assume' or 'to take on'
- Título
- Noun meaning 'title' or 'designation'
- sem
- Preposition meaning 'without'
- conhecimento
- Noun meaning 'knowledge' or 'awareness'
- ser
- Verb meaning 'to be' (permanent or essential states)
- como
- Conjunction or adverb meaning 'as', 'like', or 'how'
- Senhor
- Noun meaning 'Sir', 'Mister', or 'Lord'
- Vosso
- Second person plural possessive meaning 'Your' (formal/archaic)
- mais
- Adverb or adjective meaning 'more' or 'most'
- humilde
- Adjective meaning 'humble' or 'modest'
- obediente
- Adjective meaning 'obedient' or 'compliant'
- servidor
- Noun meaning 'servant' or 'server'
- ABRIL
- Noun meaning 'April', the fourth month
- CONTEÚDO
- Noun meaning 'contents' or 'content'
- DOS
- Contraction of 'de' and 'os', meaning 'of the' (masculine plural)
- CAPÍTULOS
- Noun meaning 'chapters' of a book or text
- A
- Definite article meaning 'the' (feminine singular)
- PRIMEIRA
- Ordinal adjective meaning 'first' (feminine)
- PARTE
- Noun meaning 'part' or 'section'
- DO
- Contraction of 'de' and 'o', meaning 'of the' (masculine)
- HOMEM
- Noun meaning 'man' or 'mankind'
- INTRODUÇÃO
- Noun meaning 'introduction' or 'preface'
- SENTIDO
- Noun meaning 'sense' or 'meaning' (as in perception)
- DA
- Contraction of 'de' and 'a', meaning 'of the' (feminine)
- IMAGINAÇÃO
- Noun meaning 'imagination' or 'mental imagery'
- DAS
- Contraction of 'de' and 'as', meaning 'of the' (feminine plural)
- CONSEQUÊNCIAS
- Noun meaning 'consequences' or 'results'
- OU
- Conjunction meaning 'or'
- CADEIA
- Noun meaning 'chain' or 'sequence'
- DE
- Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'
- IMAGINAÇÕES
- Noun meaning 'imaginations' or 'mental images' (plural)
- FALA
- Noun meaning 'speech' or 'talk'
- RAZÃO
- Noun meaning 'reason' or 'rational thought'
- E
- Conjunction meaning 'and'
- CIÊNCIA
- Noun meaning 'science' or 'systematic knowledge'
- PRINCÍPIOS
- Noun meaning 'principles' or 'foundations'
- INTERIORES
- Adjective meaning 'interior' or 'inner' (plural)
- MOVIMENTOS
- Noun meaning 'movements' or 'motions' (plural)
- VOLUNTÁRIOS
- Adjective meaning 'voluntary' or 'intentional' (plural)
- COMUMENTE
- Adverb meaning 'commonly' or 'usually'
- CHAMADOS
- Past participle of 'chamar', meaning 'called' or 'named'
- PAIXÕES
- Noun meaning 'passions' or 'strong emotions' (plural)
- OS
- Definite article meaning 'the' (masculine plural)
- DISCURSOS
- Noun meaning 'discourses' or 'speeches' (plural)
- PELOS
- Contraction of 'por' and 'os', meaning 'by the' (plural)
- QUAIS
- Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'whom' (plural)
- SÃO
- Third person plural present of 'ser', meaning 'are'
- EXPRESSOS
- Past participle meaning 'expressed' or 'stated' (plural)
- FINS
- Noun meaning 'ends' or 'purposes' (plural)
- RESOLUÇÕES
- Noun meaning 'resolutions' or 'decisions' (plural)
- DISCURSO
- Noun meaning 'discourse' or 'speech'
- VIRTUDES
- Noun meaning 'virtues' or 'moral qualities' (plural)
- CHAMADAS
- Past participle of 'chamar', meaning 'called' (feminine plural)
- INTELECTUAIS
- Adjective meaning 'intellectual' or 'mental' (plural)
- SEUS
- Possessive pronoun meaning 'their' or 'his/her' (plural)
- DEFEITOS
- Noun meaning 'defects' or 'flaws' (plural)
- CONTRÁRIOS
- Adjective or noun meaning 'contraries' or 'opposites'
- DIVERSOS
- Adjective meaning 'diverse' or 'various' (plural)
- SUJEITOS
- Noun meaning 'subjects' or 'topics' (plural)
- CONHECIMENTO
- Noun meaning 'knowledge' or 'understanding'
- PODER
- Noun or verb meaning 'power' or 'to be able'
- VALOR
- Noun meaning 'value', 'worth', or 'courage'
- DIGNIDADE
- Noun meaning 'dignity' or 'worthiness'
- HONRA
- Noun meaning 'honor' or 'respect'
- MÉRITO
- Noun meaning 'merit' or 'deserved recognition'
- DIFERENÇA
- Noun meaning 'difference' or 'distinction'
- COSTUMES
- Noun meaning 'customs' or 'manners' (plural)
- RELIGIÃO
- Noun meaning 'religion' or 'faith'
- CONDIÇÃO
- Noun meaning 'condition' or 'state of being'
- NATURAL
- Adjective meaning 'natural' or 'innate'
- HUMANIDADE
- Noun meaning 'humanity' or 'humankind'
- NO
- Contraction of 'em' and 'o', meaning 'in the' (masculine)
- QUE
- Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that', 'which', or 'what'
- CONCERNE
- Third person singular of 'concernir', meaning 'concerns'
- À
- Contraction of 'a' and 'a', meaning 'to the' (feminine)
- SUA
- Possessive pronoun meaning 'his', 'her', or 'its' (feminine)
- FELICIDADE
- Noun meaning 'happiness' or 'felicity'
- MISÉRIA
- Noun meaning 'misery' or 'wretchedness'
- SEGUNDA
- Ordinal adjective meaning 'second' (feminine)
- LEIS
- Noun meaning 'laws' (plural)
- NATURAIS
- Adjective meaning 'natural' (plural)
- CONTRATO
- Noun meaning 'contract' or 'agreement'
- OUTRAS
- Adjective or pronoun meaning 'other' (feminine plural)
- NATUREZA
- Noun meaning 'nature' or 'natural world'
- PESSOAS
- Noun meaning 'persons' or 'people' (plural)
- AUTORES
- Noun meaning 'authors' or 'originators' (plural)
- COISAS
- Noun meaning 'things' or 'objects' (plural)
- PERSONIFICADAS
- Past participle meaning 'personified' or 'represented' (feminine plural)
- REPÚBLICA
- Noun meaning 'republic' or 'commonwealth'
- CAUSAS
- Noun meaning 'causes' or 'reasons' (plural)
- GERAÇÃO
- Noun meaning 'generation' or 'creation'
- DEFINIÇÃO
- Noun meaning 'definition' or 'explanation'
- UMA
- Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one' (feminine)
- DIREITOS
- Noun meaning 'rights' or 'entitlements' (plural)
- SOBERANOS
- Noun or adjective meaning 'sovereigns' or 'sovereign' (plural)
- POR
- Preposition meaning 'by', 'for', or 'through'
- INSTITUIÇÃO
- Noun meaning 'institution' or 'establishment'
- TIPOS
- Noun meaning 'types' or 'kinds' (plural)
- SUCESSÃO
- Noun meaning 'succession' or 'sequence of power'
- AO
- Contraction of 'a' and 'o', meaning 'to the' (masculine)
- SOBERANO
- Noun meaning 'sovereign' or 'supreme ruler'
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