McGuffey's First Eclectic Reader, Revised Edition — Page 18

Vocabulary

最も

mottomo — Most; to the greatest degree

良い

yoi — Good; favorable; of high quality

つないだ

tsunaida — Connected, tied, or fastened together

彼ら

karera — They; third-person plural pronoun

の

no — Possessive or linking particle indicating relation

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expressing moral obligation

または

mata wa — Or; alternatively; used to list choices

乗る

noru — To ride; to board a vehicle or animal

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases

住む

sumu — To live; to reside in a place

持つ

motsu — To hold; to have; to carry something

干し草

hoshikusa — Hay; dried grass used to feed animals

御す

gosu — To drive or control a horse or vehicle

しっかり

shikkari — Firmly; securely; with a strong grip

と

to — And; with; quotation or companion particle

早く

hayaku — Early; quickly; at a fast pace

挿絵

sashie — Illustration; picture inserted in a text

馬

uma — Horse; large domesticated riding animal

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target

乗っ

not(te) — Riding; mounted on (verb stem of noru)

て

te — Connecting particle linking sequential actions

いる

iru — To be; to exist (for animate beings)

男の子

otoko no ko — Boy; male child

引か

hika — To pull; drawn (verb stem of hiku)

れ

re — Passive verb suffix indicating action done to subject

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb marker

荷車

niguruma — Cart; wagon used for carrying loads

別

betsu — Separate; different; another

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese sentences

やって

yatte — Doing; coming; performing an action

来ます

kimasu — To come; polite form of kuru

どこ

doko — Where; which place; interrogative of location

住ん

sun(de) — Living; residing (conjunctive form of sumu)

で

de — At; by; particle indicating place or means

か

ka — Question particle placed at sentence end

知っ

shit(te) — Knowing; being aware of (stem of shiru)

い

i — Abbreviation of iru; to be or exist

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting sentence subject

おり

ori — Being; existing (humble form of iru)

つない

tsunai — Tying; connecting (stem of tsunagu)

だ

da — Copula; plain form of desu meaning 'is'

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object

二人

futari — Two people; a pair or couple

とても

totemo — Very; extremely; quite

早い

hayai — Fast; early; quick

時間

jikan — Time; hours; a period of time

出かけ

dekake — Going out; setting off on a trip

なんと

nanto — How; what; expressing surprise or admiration

楽し

tanoshi — Fun; enjoyable; pleasant (adjective stem)

そう

sō — Seems; looks like; expresses appearance or hearsay

な

na — Adjectival linking particle or sentence-final emphasis

でしょう

deshō — Probably; isn't it; seeking agreement or conjecture

いかに

ika ni — How; in what way; to what extent

上手

jōzu — Skilled; good at something; proficient

乗り

nori — Riding; the act of mounting and riding

こなし

konashi — Handling skillfully; managing with dexterity

手綱

tazuna — Reins; straps used to guide a horse

持っ

mot(te) — Holding; having (conjunctive form of motsu)

見

mi — See; look (stem of miru)

ください

kudasai — Please; polite request for an action

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings

優しく

yasashiku — Gently; kindly; in a tender manner

し

shi — Do; connective form of suru linking actions

なけれ

nakere — Must; conditional negative stem for obligation

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'

なり

nari — Become; must (part of negative obligation nakerebanaranai)

ませ

mase — Polite imperative auxiliary verb ending

ん

n — Negative ending or explanatory sentence-final particle

鞭

muchi — Whip; a flexible instrument used on horses

打つ

utsu — To hit; to strike; to beat

良く

yoku — Well; often; adverb form of yoi

あり

ari — There is; exists (stem of aru)

終わっ

owat(te) — Finished; ended (conjunctive form of owaru)

たら

tara — When; if; conditional past tense form

とうもろこし

tōmorokoshi — Corn; maize; a cereal grain vegetable

与える

ataeru — To give; to provide; to grant something

練習

renshū — Practice; training; repeated exercise to improve skill

書き取り

kakitori — Dictation; writing practice copying words or sentences

中

naka — Inside; middle; among; during

速く

hayaku — Quickly; fast; at a rapid pace

速歩

sokuhō / hayaashi — Fast walk; trot; quick-paced movement

できる

dekiru — Can do; able to; be possible

もの

mono — Thing; object; expresses desire or expectation

みたい

mitai — Seems like; looks like; I want to see

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is' or 'am'

ある

aru — To exist; there is (for inanimate things)

日

hi / nichi — Day; sun; a unit of time

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun

犬

inu — Dog; common domestic animal

小さな

chiisana — Small; little; tiny

つなが

tsunaga — Connected; linked (stem of tsunagaru)

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary verb form

その

sono — That; the (demonstrative adjective for nearby things)

入っ

hait(te) — Entered; went inside (conjunctive form of hairu)

第

dai — Ordinal number prefix meaning 'number' or 'the nth'

四十二

yonjūni — Forty-two; the number 42

課

ka — Lesson; chapter; section of a textbook

見る

miru — To see; to look at; to watch

思っ

omot(te) — Thought; felt (conjunctive form of omou)

摘む

tsumu — To pick; to pluck flowers or plants

聞い

kii — Heard; listened (conjunctive form of kiku)

さえずり

saezuri — Chirping; twittering sound made by small birds

話し

hanashi — Talk; story; speaking (stem of hanasu)

鳥

tori — Bird; a feathered winged animal

探索

tansaku — Search; exploration; seeking something out

深く

fukaku — Deeply; profoundly; to a great degree

若い

wakai — Young; youthful; not old

女の子

onna no ko — Girl; young female child

愛し

aishi — Loved; cherished (stem of aisuru)

子ども

kodomo — Child; children; young person

上

ue — Above; on top; upper part

花

hana — Flower; blossom; floral plant

摘ん

tsun(de) — Picking; plucking (conjunctive form of tsumu)

お母さん

okāsan — Mother; mom; polite term for one's mother

ため

tame — For; for the sake of; in order to

探し

sagashi — Searching; looking for something (stem of sagasu)

行き

iki — Going; on the way (stem of iku)

まだ

mada — Still; not yet; continuing state

草

kusa — Grass; plants; vegetation

濡れ

nure — Wet; damp (stem of nureru)

かわいらしい

kawairashii — Cute; charming; adorable in appearance

小鳥

kotori — Small bird; little bird

彼女

kanojo — She; her; girlfriend

周り

mawari — Surroundings; around; the area nearby

さえずっ

saezut(te) — Chirping; twittering (conjunctive form of saezuru)

そして

soshite — And then; and so; furthermore

ほか

hoka — Other; else; besides; another thing

何

nani / naN — What; which thing; interrogative pronoun

見つけ

mitsuke — Found; discovered (stem of mitsukeru)

思い

omoi — Thought; feeling; emotion or memory

巣

su — Nest; den; home of a bird or animal

それら

sorera — Those; plural demonstrative pronoun for things

母鳥

hahatori — Mother bird; female parent bird

さえずる

saezuru — To chirp; to twitter; to sing (of birds)

聞こえ

kikoe — Can be heard; audible (stem of kikoeru)

まるで

marude — Just like; as if; exactly as though

触ら

sawara — Touch; feel (negative stem of sawaru)

ない

nai — Not; negation; does not exist

ね

ne — Right; isn't it; seeking agreement or softening

よ

yo — Assertive sentence-final particle for emphasis

言っ

it(te) — Said; spoke (conjunctive form of iu)

よう

yō — Like; as if; seems that; appearance

でし

deshi — Polite past copula stem (part of deshita)