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Meditations — Page 13

English → It Preface Level 9/10

Public spirit was the most splendid political virtue of the ancient world, and it is here made cosmopolitan.

Lo spirito civico era la più splendida virtù politica del mondo antico, e qui viene reso cosmopolita.

It is again instructive to note that Christian sages insisted on the same thing.

È ancora istruttivo notare che i saggi cristiani insistevano sulla stessa cosa.

Christians are taught that they are members of a worldwide brotherhood, where is neither Greek nor Hebrew, bond nor free and that they live their lives as fellow-workers with God.

Ai cristiani viene insegnato che sono membri di una fratellanza mondiale, dove non vi è né greco né ebreo, né schiavo né libero, e che vivono la loro vita come collaboratori di Dio.

Such is the system which underlies the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius.

Tale è il sistema che sta alla base delle Meditazioni di Marco Aurelio.

Some knowledge of it is necessary to the right understanding of the book, but for us the chief interest lies elsewhere.

Una certa conoscenza di esso è necessaria per la corretta comprensione del libro, ma per noi l'interesse principale risiede altrove.

We do not come to Marcus Aurelius for a treatise on Stoicism.

Non ci rivolgiamo a Marco Aurelio per un trattato sullo Stoicismo.

He is no head of a school to lay down a body of doctrine for students; he does not even contemplate that others should read what he writes.

Egli non è il capo di una scuola intento a stabilire un corpus di dottrina per gli studenti; non prevede nemmeno che altri debbano leggere ciò che scrive.

His philosophy is not an eager intellectual inquiry, but more what we should call religious feeling.

La sua filosofia non è un'avida ricerca intellettuale, ma piuttosto ciò che chiameremmo sentimento religioso.

The uncompromising stiffness of Zeno or Chrysippus is softened and transformed by passing through a nature reverent and tolerant, gentle and free from guile; the grim resignation which made life possible to the Stoic sage becomes in him almost a mood of aspiration.

L'inflessibile rigidità di Zenone o Crisippo viene addolcita e trasformata passando attraverso una natura reverente e tollerante, gentile e priva di artifici; la cupa rassegnazione che rendeva possibile la vita al saggio stoico diventa in lui quasi un senso di aspirazione.

His book records the innermost thoughts of his heart, set down to ease it, with such moral maxims and reflections as may help him to bear the burden of duty and the countless annoyances of a busy life.

Il suo libro registra i pensieri più intimi del suo cuore, messi per iscritto per alleviarlo, con massime morali e riflessioni tali da aiutarlo a sopportare il peso del dovere e i innumerevoli fastidi di una vita intensa.

It is instructive to compare the _Meditations_ with another famous book, the _Imitation of Christ_.

È istruttivo confrontare le _Meditazioni_ con un altro libro famoso, l'_Imitazione di Cristo_.

Vocabulary

spirito
spee-ree-toh — Spirit, soul, or inner essence of a person
civico
chee-vee-koh — Relating to citizens or civic life and duties
era
eh-rah — Was; third person singular imperfect of essere
più
pyoo — More; used to form superlatives or comparisons
splendida
splen-dee-dah — Splendid, magnificent, or wonderfully impressive
virtù
veer-too — Virtue, moral excellence, or admirable quality
politica
poh-lee-tee-kah — Political; relating to governance or public affairs
mondo
mohn-doh — World; the earth or all of humanity
antico
ahn-tee-koh — Ancient, old, or belonging to earlier historical times
qui
kwee — Here; indicating this place or location
viene
vyeh-neh — Comes; third person singular present of venire
reso
reh-zoh — Made, rendered; past participle of rendere
cosmopolita
koz-moh-poh-lee-tah — Cosmopolitan; belonging to or embracing the whole world
ancora
ahn-koh-rah — Still, yet, or again; indicating continuation
istruttivo
ees-troo-ttee-voh — Instructive, informative, or providing useful lessons
notare
noh-tah-reh — To note, notice, or observe something carefully
saggi
sahd-jee — Wise men, sages; plural of saggio
cristiani
krees-tyah-nee — Christians; plural of cristiano, followers of Christianity
insistevano
een-sees-teh-vah-noh — They insisted; imperfect tense of insistere
stessa
stes-sah — Same; feminine form of stesso indicating identity
cosa
koh-zah — Thing; a general word for an object or matter
insegnato
een-sen-yah-toh — Taught; past participle of insegnare
membri
mem-bree — Members; plural of membro, parts of a group
fratellanza
frah-tel-lahn-tsah — Brotherhood, fraternity; bond among people as equals
mondiale
mohn-dyah-leh — Worldwide, global; relating to the entire world
dove
doh-veh — Where; interrogative or relative adverb of place
vi
vee — There, you; pronoun or adverb depending on context
neh — Neither, nor; negative correlative conjunction
greco
greh-koh — Greek; relating to Greece or its people
ebreo
eh-breh-oh — Jewish, Hebrew; person of Jewish heritage or faith
schiavo
skyah-voh — Slave; person owned and forced to work
libero
lee-beh-roh — Free; not enslaved, restricted, or constrained
vivono
vee-voh-noh — They live; third person plural present of vivere
vita
vee-tah — Life; the condition of being alive
collaboratori
kol-lah-boh-rah-toh-ree — Collaborators, co-workers; people working together
Dio
dee-oh — God; the supreme divine being
Tale
tah-leh — Such, this kind of; adjective indicating similarity
sistema
sees-teh-mah — System; an organized set of principles or methods
sta
stah — Stands, is; third person singular present of stare
base
bah-zeh — Base, foundation; the underlying basis of something
Meditazioni
meh-dee-tah-tsyoh-nee — Meditations; plural of meditazione, deep reflective thoughts
certa
cher-tah — Certain, some; indicating a degree of something
conoscenza
koh-noh-shen-tsah — Knowledge, familiarity; understanding of a subject
esso
es-soh — It; third person singular neutral pronoun
necessaria
neh-ches-sah-ryah — Necessary, essential; required for a purpose
corretta
kor-ret-tah — Correct, proper; accurate or without errors
comprensione
kom-pren-syoh-neh — Understanding, comprehension; ability to grasp meaning
libro
lee-broh — Book; a written or printed literary work
interesse
een-teh-res-seh — Interest; attention or curiosity directed toward something
principale
preen-chee-pah-leh — Principal, main; most important or primary
risiede
ree-zyeh-deh — Resides, lies; third person singular of risiedere
altrove
ahl-troh-veh — Elsewhere, somewhere else; in another place
rivolgiamo
ree-vohl-jah-moh — We turn to; first person plural present of rivolgersi
trattato
traht-tah-toh — Treatise; a formal written work on a subject
Stoicismo
stoh-ee-chees-moh — Stoicism; ancient Greek philosophical school of thought
Egli
el-yee — He; third person masculine singular subject pronoun
capo
kah-poh — Head, leader; chief of a group or movement
scuola
skwoh-lah — School; institution or tradition of learning
intento
een-ten-toh — Intent on, aiming; focused on a specific goal
stabilire
stah-bee-lee-reh — To establish, set up; to found or determine firmly
corpus
kor-poos — Corpus; a complete body of writings or texts
dottrina
dot-tree-nah — Doctrine; a body of beliefs or teachings
studenti
stoo-den-tee — Students; plural of studente, learners in education
prevede
preh-veh-deh — Foresees, expects; third person singular of prevedere
nemmeno
nem-meh-noh — Not even; stronger negation emphasizing exclusion
altri
ahl-tree — Others; other people, plural of altro
debbano
deb-bah-noh — Must, should; third person plural subjunctive of dovere
leggere
led-jeh-reh — To read; to interpret written or printed text
ciò
choh — That, this; neuter demonstrative pronoun
scrive
skree-veh — Writes; third person singular present of scrivere
filosofia
fee-loh-zoh-fee-ah — Philosophy; the study of fundamental questions about existence
avida
ah-vee-dah — Avid, eager; showing intense desire or enthusiasm
ricerca
ree-cher-kah — Research, search; systematic investigation or inquiry
intellettuale
een-tel-let-twah-leh — Intellectual; relating to thought, reason, or the mind
piuttosto
pyoot-tohs-toh — Rather, quite; used to express preference or degree
chiameremmo
kyah-meh-rem-moh — We would call; first person plural conditional of chiamare
sentimento
sen-tee-men-toh — Feeling, sentiment; an emotional response or attitude
religioso
reh-lee-joh-zoh — Religious; relating to faith, belief, or spiritual practice
inflessibile
een-fles-see-bee-leh — Inflexible, unyielding; unable to be bent or changed
rigidità
ree-jee-dee-tah — Rigidity, stiffness; strict adherence to rules or principles
addolcita
ahd-dohl-chee-tah — Softened, sweetened; made gentler or less harsh
trasformata
trahs-for-mah-tah — Transformed, changed; altered into a different form
passando
pahs-sahn-doh — Passing; gerund of passare indicating transition
attraverso
aht-trah-ver-soh — Through, across; preposition indicating passage
natura
nah-too-rah — Nature; the innate character or the natural world
reverente
reh-veh-ren-teh — Reverent; showing deep respect or veneration
tollerante
tol-leh-rahn-teh — Tolerant; accepting of differing views or behaviors
gentile
jen-tee-leh — Kind, gentle; courteous and considerate toward others
priva
pree-vah — Devoid of, lacking; without a particular quality
artifici
ahr-tee-fee-chee — Artifices, tricks; devices used to deceive or impress
cupa
koo-pah — Gloomy, dark; somber in mood or appearance
rassegnazione
rahs-sen-yah-tsyoh-neh — Resignation; acceptance of hardship without complaint
rendeva
ren-deh-vah — Made, rendered; third person singular imperfect of rendere
possibile
pos-see-bee-leh — Possible; capable of happening or being done
saggio
sahd-joh — Wise man, sage; a person of great wisdom
stoico
stoh-ee-koh — Stoic; relating to Stoicism or enduring hardship calmly
diventa
dee-ven-tah — Becomes; third person singular present of diventare
quasi
kwah-zee — Almost, nearly; indicating approximation
senso
sen-soh — Sense, feeling; meaning or direction of something
aspirazione
ahs-pee-rah-tsyoh-neh — Aspiration; strong desire or ambition toward a goal
registra
reh-jees-trah — Records, registers; third person singular present of registrare
pensieri
pen-syeh-ree — Thoughts; plural of pensiero, mental reflections
intimi
een-tee-mee — Intimate, private; deeply personal and innermost
cuore
kwoh-reh — Heart; the organ or emotional center of a person
messi
mes-see — Put, placed; plural past participle of mettere
iscritto
ees-krit-toh — Written down; past participle of iscrivere
alleviarlo
ahl-leh-vyahr-loh — To relieve it; infinitive of alleviare with pronoun
massime
mahs-see-meh — Maxims; plural of massima, short moral principles
morali
moh-rah-lee — Moral; relating to ethics, right conduct, or values
riflessioni
ree-fles-syoh-nee — Reflections; plural of riflessione, thoughtful considerations
tali
tah-lee — Such, these kinds of; plural demonstrative adjective
aiutarlo
ah-yoo-tahr-loh — To help him; infinitive of aiutare with pronoun
sopportare
sop-por-tah-reh — To bear, endure; to tolerate hardship or difficulty
peso
peh-zoh — Weight, burden; a heavy load or responsibility
dovere
doh-veh-reh — Duty, obligation; must or to have to do something
innumerevoli
een-noo-meh-reh-voh-lee — Innumerable, countless; too many to be counted
fastidi
fahs-tee-dee — Annoyances, troubles; plural of fastidio, irritating problems
intensa
een-ten-sah — Intense; very strong in degree or feeling
confrontare
kohn-frohn-tah-reh — To compare; to examine similarities and differences
altro
ahl-troh — Other, another; indicating a different thing or person
famoso
fah-moh-zoh — Famous, well-known; widely recognized or celebrated
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