Middlemarch — Page 4

Vocabulary

彼

kare — Third-person masculine pronoun meaning 'he' or 'him'.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the sentence topic.

若い

wakai — Adjective meaning young in age or appearance.

頃

koro — Approximate time period or era in the past.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, time, or location.

旅

tabi — A journey or trip taken to another place.

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.

して

shite — Te-form of suru; connecting verb meaning doing.

おり

ori — Humble or formal progressive auxiliary verb form.

この

kono — Demonstrative meaning 'this' referring to something near.

地方

chihō — A region, district, or local area of land.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means.

思考

shikō — Thought, thinking, or cognitive mental process.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle highlighting the grammatical subject.

散漫

sanman — Scattered, unfocused, or inattentive in concentration.

すぎる

sugiru — Auxiliary verb meaning excessively or too much.

癖

kuse — A habit, quirk, or personal tendency in behavior.

ついて

tsuite — Te-form of tsuku; attaching or concerning something.

しまった

shimatta — Past form indicating an unintended or regrettable completion.

と

to — Particle meaning 'and', 'with', or quotation marker.

思われて

omowarete — Passive form meaning 'to be thought' or considered.

いた

ita — Past progressive auxiliary indicating a continuing state.

氏

shi — Honorific suffix meaning Mr., Ms., or sir.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns.

結論

ketsuron — A conclusion or final judgment reached after reasoning.

天気

tenki — The weather or atmospheric conditions at a time.

同じ

onaji — Adjective meaning same, identical, or equal in kind.

くらい

kurai — Particle meaning approximately or about a certain degree.

予測

yosoku — Prediction or forecast of a future event or outcome.

難しかった

muzukashikatta — Past tense of muzukashii, meaning was difficult or hard.

安心

anshin — Peace of mind, relief, or feeling of reassurance.

言える

ieru — Potential form of iu meaning can be said or stated.

こと

koto — Nominalizer turning verbs into abstract noun phrases.

いえば

ieba — Conditional form meaning 'speaking of' or 'if one says'.

善意

zen'i — Goodwill, good faith, or benevolent intention toward others.

もって

motte — Te-form of motsu; holding or using something as means.

行動

kōdō — Action, behavior, or conduct taken in a situation.

する

suru — Basic verb meaning to do or to perform an action.

だろう

darō — Volitional or presumptive form expressing probability or conjecture.

という

to iu — Phrase meaning 'called', 'that' or quoting a concept.

それ

sore — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' near the listener.

実行

jikkō — Execution or carrying out of a plan or action.

あたって

atatte — Te-form of ataru; in the context of undertaking something.

できる

dekiru — Potential verb meaning to be able to do something.

限り

kagiri — Limit or as much as possible within a boundary.

お金

okane — Money, currency, or financial resources in general.

使わ

tsukawa — Negative stem of tsukau meaning to use or spend.

ない

nai — Negative auxiliary meaning not or does not exist.

だけ

dake — Limiting particle meaning only, just, or merely.

あった

atta — Past tense of aru meaning there was or existed.

なぜ

naze — Interrogative adverb meaning why or for what reason.

なら

nara — Conditional particle meaning if or in the case of.

最も

mottomo — Superlative adverb meaning most or to the greatest degree.

曖昧

aimai — Vague, ambiguous, or unclear in meaning or intention.

な

na — Adjectival particle connecting na-adjectives to nouns.

精神

seishin — Mind, spirit, or mental disposition of a person.

も

mo — Additive particle meaning also, too, or even.

いくつか

ikutsuka — Some, a few, or several unspecified number of things.

固い

katai — Hard, firm, or rigid in physical or figurative sense.

習慣

shūkan — Habit, custom, or established routine behavior over time.

粒

tsubu — A grain, granule, or small particle of something.

宿って

yadotte — Te-form of yadoru; lodging or dwelling within something.

いる

iru — Auxiliary verb indicating ongoing existence or continuous state.

もの

mono — Nominalizer indicating a thing, entity, or general concept.

だ

da — Plain form copula equivalent to 'is' or 'are'.

から

kara — Particle meaning because, from, or after in context.

手放す

tebanasu — To let go of, release, or give up something held.

除いて

nozoite — Te-form of nozoku; excluding or except for something.

自分

jibun — Oneself, one's own self or personal affairs.

あらゆる

arayuru — All, every, or any kind of thing imaginable.

利害

rigai — Interests and harms; pros and cons of a matter.

に対して

ni taishite — Toward, regarding, or in contrast with something.

だらしなく

darashinaku — In a slovenly, careless, or undisciplined manner.

その

sono — Demonstrative meaning 'that' referring to previously mentioned thing.

点

ten — Point, aspect, or particular matter being discussed.

に関して

ni kanshite — Regarding, concerning, or in relation to a matter.

用心深く

yōjinbukaku — Cautiously, carefully, or in a very guarded manner.

疑り深く

utaguri fukaku — Suspiciously or in a deeply skeptical, distrustful manner.

しっかり

shikkari — Firmly, tightly, or in a reliable and solid manner.

握って

nigitte — Te-form of nigiru; grasping or holding tightly in hand.

離す

hanasu — To release, let go of, or separate something held.

まい

mai — Negative volitional auxiliary meaning will not or shall not.

男

otoko — A man or male person of any age.

見受けられる

miukerareru — To be seen as, appear to be, or be observed.

ある

aru — Verb meaning to exist, be present, or there is.

において

ni oite — Formal particle meaning in, at, or in the context of.

的

teki — Suffix forming adjectives meaning -like, -ish, or -type.

気力

kiryoku — Willpower, energy, or mental drive to accomplish things.

遺伝的

identeki — Genetic or hereditary in nature, passed down through lineage.

気質

kishitsu — Temperament, disposition, or inherent character traits of person.

明らか

akiraka — Clear, obvious, or evident without room for doubt.

休眠

kyūmin — Dormancy or a state of suspended activity or sleep.

状態

jōtai — State, condition, or current situation of something.

しかし

shikashi — Conjunction meaning however, but, or nevertheless.

姪

mei — A niece; daughter of one's brother or sister.

欠点

ketten — A flaw, defect, or shortcoming in character or quality.

美徳

bitoku — Virtue or an admirable moral quality in a person.

両面

ryōmen — Both sides or two aspects of a matter or thing.

通じて

tsūjite — Through or throughout; by means of something over time.

輝いて

kagayaite — Te-form of kagayaku; shining, gleaming, or glowing brightly.

時

toki — Time, moment, or occasion when something occurs.

叔父

oji — An uncle; parent's younger brother or male relative.

話

hanashi — A story, talk, or topic of conversation.

や

ya — Particle listing multiple items loosely like 'and' or 'or'.

領地

ryōchi — An estate, territory, or landholding owned or managed.

物事

monogoto — Things in general; matters or affairs of everyday life.

なりゆき

nariyuki — The natural course of events; how things unfold.

任せる

makaseru — To leave to, entrust, or let someone else handle.

やり方

yarikata — A method, way of doing, or approach to something.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement or orientation toward.

苛立ち

iradachi — Irritation, frustration, or a feeling of impatient annoyance.

なって

natte — Te-form of naru; becoming or turning into something.

現れ

araware — Appearance or manifestation of something previously hidden.

成人

seijin — An adult; a person who has reached full maturity.

寛大

kandai — Generous, magnanimous, or lenient in attitude or judgment.

計画

keikaku — A plan, project, or scheme for achieving a goal.

ため

tame — For the sake of, in order to, or because of.

いくらか

ikuraka — Some, a certain amount, or somewhat of something.

金銭

kinsen — Money or monetary matters in a formal context.

自由

jiyū — Freedom, liberty, or the state of being unrestricted.

日

hi — Day, sun, or a specific date in time.

いっそう

issō — Even more, all the more, or to a greater extent.

切望

setsubō — Earnest longing, desperate desire, or yearning for something.

さ

sa — Nominalizing suffix or casual sentence-ending particle.

せた

seta — Causative past form meaning made or caused someone to do.

彼女

kanojo — She, her, or a girlfriend in Japanese usage.

相続人

sōzokunin — An heir or inheritor of property or estate assets.

みなされて

minasarete — Passive form of minasu; being regarded or considered as.

姉妹

shimai — Sisters; female siblings within the same family.

両親

ryōshin — Both parents; one's father and mother together.

年

nen / toshi — Year or age depending on context in a sentence.

それぞれ

sorezore — Each, respectively, or individually in their own right.

七百

nanahyaku — The number seven hundred in Japanese counting.

ポンド

pondo — Pound; British unit of currency or weight measurement.

得て

ete — Te-form of eru; having obtained or acquired something.

なく

naku — Negative connective form meaning without or not having.

結婚

kekkon — Marriage or the act of getting married to someone.

息子

musuko — A son; male child of a parent or family.

産めば

umeba — Conditional form of umu; if one bears or gives birth.

相続

sōzoku — Inheritance or succession of property from a deceased person.

価値

kachi — Value, worth, or importance assigned to something.

おそらく

osoraku — Probably, perhaps, or most likely in terms of likelihood.

三千

sanzen — The number three thousand in Japanese numeral system.

ほど

hodo — About, approximately, or to the extent of something.

見込まれて

mikomarete — Passive of mikomu; being expected or anticipated as likely.

地代

jidai — Land rent or rent paid for use of land.

問題

mondai — A problem, issue, or question requiring attention or resolution.

に関する

ni kansuru — Relating to, concerning, or pertaining to a specific matter.

最近

saikin — Recently, lately, or in the most recent period of time.

いまだ

imada — Still, yet, or as of yet in a continuing sense.

論じ合い

ronjiai — Mutual discussion or debate exchanged between multiple parties.

将来

shōrai — The future; prospects or outlook for what is ahead.

上流

jōryū — Upper class, upstream, or the higher levels of society.

生活

seikatsu — Daily life, livelihood, or lifestyle of a person.

必需品

hitsujūhin — Necessities, essentials, or indispensable items for living.

見事

migoto — Splendid, magnificent, or impressively well-done in quality.

高めた

takameta — Past form of takameru; elevated, raised, or enhanced something.

あの

ano — Demonstrative meaning 'that' referring to something distant or known.

政治

seiji — Politics or political affairs governing a society or state.

知らない

shiranai — Not knowing or being unaware of something or someone.

家族

kazoku — Family; a group of related people living together.

大きな

ōkina — Large, big, or great in size or importance.

財産

zaisan — Property, assets, or wealth owned by a person.

思われた

omowareta — Past passive of omou; was thought or considered to be.