Moby Dick; Or, The Whale — Page 13

Vocabulary

マッコウクジラ

makkō kujira — Sperm whale, large toothed whale of deep oceans.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the sentence topic.

真

shin / ma — True, genuine, real; used in compounds.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

クジラ

kujira — Whale, large marine mammal.

グリーンランドクジラ

gurīnrando kujira — Bowhead whale, large Arctic baleen whale.

または

mata wa — Or, either; used to present alternatives.

セミクジラ

semi kujira — Right whale, slow-moving baleen whale species.

より

yori — Than; comparative particle showing degree or comparison.

も

mo — Also, too; inclusive particle adding emphasis.

優れた

sugureta — Superior, excellent, outstanding in quality or ability.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending.

武装

busō — Armament, being armed; equipped with weapons.

を

o — Object-marking particle indicating direct object.

持つ

motsu — To hold, have, possess something.

のみ

nomi — Only, merely; a restrictive particle or adverb.

なら

nara — If, in the case of; conditional conjunctive form.

ず

zu — Negative conjunctive suffix meaning 'without doing.'

その

sono — That, its; demonstrative adjective referring to something nearby.

身体

shintai / karada — Body, the physical form of a living being.

両端

ryōtan — Both ends, both extremities of something.

に

ni — Particle indicating location, direction, or indirect object.

強力な

kyōryoku na — Powerful, strong, forceful; having great strength.

な

na — Adjectival linking particle used with na-adjectives.

武器

buki — Weapon, arms; tool used to cause harm.

備え

sonae — Preparation, provision; being equipped with something.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential or simultaneous actions.

いる

iru — To be, exist; auxiliary showing ongoing state or action.

だけで

dake de — Just by, only with; limiting extent of a condition.

なく

naku — Without, not being; negative conjunctive form.

これら

korera — These; plural demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.

攻撃的

kōgeki-teki — Aggressive, offensive; having a tendency to attack.

用いる

mochiiru — To use, employ, apply something for a purpose.

性向

seikō — Tendency, inclination, disposition toward behavior.

頻繁

hinpan — Frequent, repeated often; occurring many times.

示し

shimeshi — Showing, demonstrating; stem of verb 'shimesu.'

手口

teguchi — Modus operandi, method used, especially in crimes.

巧妙

kōmyō — Clever, skillful, ingenious in method or technique.

大胆

daitan — Bold, daring, audacious; not afraid of risk.

かつ

katsu — And, moreover; conjunction linking two qualities.

悪質

akushitsu — Malicious, vicious, of bad character or nature.

ある

aru — To be, exist; basic existential or copular verb.

ため

tame — Because of, for the sake of; causal conjunction.

族

zoku — Tribe, family, group; taxonomic or social category.

既知

kichi — Already known, previously established or recognized.

すべて

subete — All, everything, every single one without exception.

種

shu — Species, kind, variety; biological classification unit.

中

naka / chū — Among, inside, within a group or space.

最も

mottomo — Most, extremely; superlative adverb for adjectives.

する

suru — To do; basic action verb used in many compounds.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle; also adversative conjunction.

危険

kiken — Danger, hazard; being risky or life-threatening.

生き物

ikimono — Living creature, organism, any living being.

と

to — And, with; quotation particle or listing connector.

みなされる

minasareru — To be regarded as, considered to be something.

至った

itatta — Came to, reached a conclusion or situation.

著

cho — Authored by, written by; attribution for a publication.

地球

chikyū — Earth, the globe; the planet we live on.

一周

isshū — One round trip, one full circumnavigation of something.

捕鯨

hogei — Whaling, the hunting and processing of whales.

航海

kōkai — Voyage, sea journey, navigation across the ocean.

年

nen — Year; counter for calendar years.

月

tsuki / gatsu — Month or moon; also used as counter for months.

日

hi / nichi — Day, sun; counter for days of the month.

潮

shio — Tide, saltwater; the rise and fall of the sea.

吹いた

fuita — Blew; past tense of 'fuku' (to blow).

ぞ

zo — Emphatic sentence-final particle asserting something firmly.

という

to iu — Called, known as; quoting or naming something.

声

koe — Voice, sound produced by a person or animal.

マスト

masuto — Mast, the tall pole on a ship supporting sails.

見張り台

mihariridai — Lookout platform, crow's nest on a ship.

から

kara — From; particle indicating starting point or origin.

上がった

agatta — Rose, went up; past tense of 'agaru.'

どの

dono — Which; interrogative adjective asking about choice.

方角

hōgaku — Direction, compass bearing, which way something is.

だ

da — Copula; plain form of 'is' or 'are.'

船長

senchō — Ship captain, commander of a vessel.

尋ねた

tazuneta — Asked, inquired; past tense of 'tazuneru.'

風下

kazashimo — Leeward side, the direction toward which wind blows.

船首

senshu — Bow, the front end of a ship.

三

san — Three; the number 3.

点

ten — Point, dot; used in compass bearing expressions.

方向

hōkō — Direction, heading; the way something is facing.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is' or 'are.'

舵

kaji — Rudder, helm; device used to steer a ship.

上げろ

agero — Raise it! Imperative command to lift or increase.

まま

mama — As is, just as; maintaining a current state.

上

ue / jō — Above, top, upper part of something.

今

ima — Now, at this moment; the present time.

あの

ano — That over there; distal demonstrative adjective.

見える

mieru — Can see, is visible; potential form of 'see.'

か

ka — Question particle appended to end of a sentence.

はい

hai — Yes, affirmative response in Japanese.

群れ

mure — Herd, school, pod; a group of animals.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating present or future action.

跳び上がった

tobiagatta — Leaped up, jumped; past tense of 'tobiagaru.'

叫べ

sakebe — Shout! Scream! Imperative command to cry out.

都度

tsudo — Each time, every occasion something occurs.

てる

teru — Colloquial contracted form of 'te iru' (ongoing action).

そこ

soko — There, that place; medial demonstrative of location.

そー

sō — So, yes, that's right; drawn-out affirmation.

くらい

kurai — About, approximately; indicating rough estimate of amount.

離れた

hanareta — Away, separated; past tense of 'hanare' (to be apart).

二

ni — Two; the number 2.

マイル

mairu — Mile, unit of distance approximately 1.6 kilometers.

半

han — Half; indicating one half of a unit.

雷鳴

raimei — Thunder, the loud sound of a lightning strike.

稲妻

inazuma — Lightning, the flash of electric discharge in storms.

こんなに

konna ni — This much, so much; indicating a surprising degree.

近い

chikai — Near, close; short distance from something.

全員

zen'in — Everyone, all members of a group together.

呼び集めろ

yobiatsumero — Gather everyone! Imperative command to call all together.

エッチング

ecchingu — Etching, a printmaking technique using acid on metal.

これ

kore — This; proximal demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.

述べよう

nobeyō — Let me describe; volitional form of 'noberu' (to state).

恐ろしい

osoroshii — Terrifying, dreadful, frightening; causing great fear.

出来事

dekigoto — Event, happening, incident that occurred at some time.

起きた

okita — Happened, occurred; past tense of 'okiru' (to occur).

捕鯨船

hogeisen — Whaling ship, vessel used for hunting whales.

号

gō — Number, issue, name suffix for ships or vehicles.

島

shima — Island, a landmass surrounded by water.

属した

zokushita — Belonged to, was affiliated with a group.

い

i — Colloquial or stem form of verb 'iru' (to be).

による

ni yoru — By, based on; indicating authorship or means.

生存者

seizonsha — Survivor, person who remained alive after disaster.

記録

kiroku — Record, account, documentation of events.

反乱

hanran — Rebellion, mutiny, uprising against authority.

記

ki — Record, chronicle; suffix for written accounts.

西暦

seireki — Western calendar, the Common Era (CE/AD) system.