On Liberty — Page 10

English → Chinese Preface Level 9/10

The abstract truth gets the concrete illustration; the concrete illustration finds its proper foundation in a series of abstract inquiries.

抽象的真理得到了具体的阐释；具体的阐释在一系列抽象的探究中找到了其适当的基础。

Perhaps Carlyle's epithets of "iridescent" and "vivid" refer incidentally to Mrs. Mill's quick perceptiveness, and thus throw a useful light on the mutual advantages of the common work of husband and wife.

也许卡莱尔所用的"色彩斑斓"与"生动"这两个词，顺带指涉了米尔夫人敏锐的感知力，从而为夫妻共同工作的相互裨益提供了有益的启示。

But it savours almost of impertinence even to attempt to lift the veil on a mystery like this.

但是，试图揭开这样一个谜团的面纱，几乎近于冒昧。

It is enough to say, perhaps, that however much we may deplore the exaggeration of Mill's references to his wife, we recognise that, for whatever reason, the pair lived an ideally happy life.

也许可以这样说就够了：无论我们多么惋惜米尔在提及其妻时有所夸大，我们都承认，无论出于何种原因，这对夫妇过着理想中幸福美满的生活。

It still, however, remains to estimate the extent to which Mrs. Taylor, both before and after her marriage with Mill, made actual contributions to his thoughts and his public work.

然而，仍有待评估的是，泰勒夫人在与米尔结婚前后，究竟在多大程度上对他的思想及其公共事业做出了实质性的贡献。

Here I may be perhaps permitted to avail myself of what I have already written in a previous work.[1]

在此，或许可以允许我借用我在此前一部著作中已经写下的内容。[1]

Mill gives us abundant help in this matter in the _Autobiography_.

米尔在《自传》中就此问题给了我们大量的帮助。

When first he knew her, his thoughts were turning to the subject of Logic.

当他初识她时，他的思想正转向逻辑学这一课题。

But his published work on the subject owed nothing to her, he tells us, in its doctrines.

但他告诉我们，他在这一课题上所发表的著作，在其理论学说方面并未受惠于她。

It was Mill's custom to write the whole of a book so as to get his general scheme complete, and then laboriously to re-write it in order to perfect the phrases and the composition.

米尔的习惯是先将一部书全部写完，以便使其整体构架趋于完整，然后再费心费力地重新写过，以求措辞与行文臻于完善。

Doubtless Mrs. Taylor was of considerable help to him as a critic of style.

毫无疑问，泰勒夫人作为文体批评者，给予了他相当大的帮助。

Vocabulary

抽象: chōuxiàng — Abstract; theoretical, not concrete or tangible
的: de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification
真理: zhēnlǐ — Truth; a universally accepted principle or fact
得到: dédào — To obtain, receive, or achieve something
了: le — Particle indicating completed action or change of state
具体: jùtǐ — Concrete, specific, tangible rather than abstract
阐释: chǎnshì — To expound, explain, or interpret in detail
在: zài — At, in, on; indicating location or ongoing action
一系列: yīxìliè — A series of; a sequence of related things
探究: tànjiū — To investigate, explore, or inquire into deeply
中: zhōng — In the middle of; within a process or place
找到: zhǎodào — To find, locate, or discover something successfully
其: qí — Its, their; third-person possessive pronoun
适当: shìdàng — Appropriate, suitable, fitting for the situation
基础: jīchǔ — Foundation, basis, groundwork for something larger
也许: yěxǔ — Perhaps, maybe; expressing uncertainty or possibility
所用: suǒyòng — What is used; the means or words employed
色彩斑斓: sècǎi bānlán — Colorful, vivid, brilliantly varied in color
与: yǔ — And, with; connecting two elements together
生动: shēngdòng — Vivid, lively, full of energy and expression
这: zhè — This; demonstrative pronoun indicating nearby thing
两个: liǎng gè — Two; a pair of items or people
词: cí — Word, term; a unit of language
顺带: shùndài — Incidentally, in passing, as a side note
指涉: zhǐshè — To refer to, allude to, or point toward something
夫人: fūren — Madam, Mrs.; respectful term for a married woman
敏锐: mǐnruì — Sharp, keen, acute in perception or insight
感知力: gǎnzhīlì — Perceptive ability; capacity to sense and understand
从而: cóng'ér — Thus, thereby; indicating a resulting consequence
为: wèi — For, to; indicating purpose or beneficiary
夫妻: fūqī — Husband and wife; a married couple
共同: gòngtóng — Together, jointly, in common with others
工作: gōngzuò — Work, labor; to engage in professional activity
相互: xiānghù — Mutual, reciprocal; affecting each other equally
裨益: bìyì — Benefit, advantage; a positive contribution to something
提供: tígōng — To provide, supply, or offer something to someone
有益: yǒuyì — Beneficial, useful, helpful to a person or purpose
启示: qǐshì — Revelation, enlightenment; insight that illuminates understanding
但是: dànshì — But, however; introducing a contrasting statement
试图: shìtú — To attempt, try to do something challenging
揭开: jiēkāi — To unveil, uncover, reveal something hidden
这样: zhèyàng — This kind of, such; in this manner or way
一个: yīgè — One; a single unit of something
谜团: mítuán — Mystery, enigma; a puzzling unresolved matter
面纱: miànshā — Veil; a covering that conceals or obscures something
几乎: jīhū — Almost, nearly; very close to but not quite
近于: jìnyú — Close to, bordering on; approaching a certain state
冒昧: màomèi — Presumptuous, impertinent; acting without proper permission
可以: kěyǐ — Can, may; indicating permission or possibility
说: shuō — To say, speak; to express in words
就: jiù — Just, then; indicating immediacy or sufficiency
够了: gòule — Enough, sufficient; no more is needed
无论: wúlùn — Regardless of, no matter; introducing unconditional clauses
我们: wǒmen — We, us; first-person plural pronoun
多么: duōme — How, however much; expressing degree or intensity
惋惜: wǎnxī — To feel regret or pity about something unfortunate
提及: tíjí — To mention, bring up in conversation or writing
妻: qī — Wife; a female spouse in a marriage
时: shí — When, at the time of; temporal indicator
有所: yǒusuǒ — To some extent; somewhat, having a degree of
夸大: kuādà — To exaggerate, overstate, magnify beyond reality
都: dōu — All, both; indicating inclusiveness without exception
承认: chéngrèn — To admit, acknowledge, recognize a fact or truth
出于: chūyú — Stemming from, arising out of a reason or motivation
何种: hézhǒng — What kind of; which type or sort of thing
原因: yuányīn — Reason, cause; the factor producing a result
对: duì — Toward, regarding; indicating direction of action
夫妇: fūfù — Married couple; husband and wife together
过着: guòzhe — Living, leading; continuously experiencing a way of life
理想: lǐxiǎng — Ideal, perfect; the best possible standard imagined
幸福美满: xìngfú měimǎn — Happy and fulfilling; perfectly content and harmonious life
生活: shēnghuó — Life, livelihood; daily existence and way of living
然而: rán'ér — However, nevertheless; introducing a contrasting point
仍: réng — Still, yet; continuing in a previous state
有待: yǒudài — Yet to be; awaiting further action or assessment
评估: pínggū — To evaluate, assess, appraise the value of something
是: shì — Is, are, am; the copula verb indicating identity
结婚: jiéhūn — To marry, get married; entering into matrimony
前后: qiánhòu — Before and after; around a particular time period
究竟: jiūjìng — Exactly, after all; seeking a definitive answer
多大: duō dà — How great, how much; asking about degree or extent
程度上: chéngdù shàng — To what extent; in terms of degree or level
他: tā — He, him; third-person masculine singular pronoun
思想: sīxiǎng — Thought, ideology; a system of ideas or beliefs
及其: jíqí — And its, along with; connecting subject and its attribute
公共: gōnggòng — Public, communal; relating to society or the state
事业: shìyè — Career, cause, enterprise; a significant undertaking
做出: zuòchū — To make, produce; to render a contribution or decision
实质性: shízhìxìng — Substantive, substantial; having real significance or impact
贡献: gòngxiàn — Contribution; something given to help a shared goal
在此: zàicǐ — Here, at this point; referring to the current context
或许: huòxǔ — Perhaps, possibly; expressing a degree of uncertainty
允许: yǔnxǔ — To permit, allow; to give consent or authorization
我: wǒ — I, me; first-person singular pronoun
借用: jièyòng — To borrow and use; to make use of something temporarily
此前: cǐqián — Previously, before this; at an earlier point in time
一部: yī bù — One volume; a single work such as a book
著作: zhùzuò — Written work, publication; a book or scholarly work
已经: yǐjīng — Already; indicating something has been completed
写下: xiěxià — To write down, record in written form
内容: nèiróng — Content, substance; the material contained in a work
自传: zìzhuàn — Autobiography; an account of one's own life
此: cǐ — This; demonstrative pronoun referring to a specific thing
问题: wèntí — Question, problem, issue; something requiring resolution
给了: gěile — Gave; past tense of giving help or information
大量: dàliàng — A large amount, great quantity of something
帮助: bāngzhù — Help, assistance; support given to someone in need
当: dāng — When, at the time; introducing a temporal clause
初识: chūshí — First acquaintance; when first getting to know someone
她: tā — She, her; third-person feminine singular pronoun
正: zhèng — Just, right in the middle of doing something
转向: zhuǎnxiàng — To turn toward, shift focus to a new direction
逻辑学: luójíxué — Logic; the academic study of reasoning and inference
这一: zhè yī — This particular; referring to a specific topic or subject
课题: kètí — Research topic, subject; a specific issue under study
但: dàn — But, however; introducing a contrasting or limiting clause
告诉: gàosu — To tell, inform; to convey information to someone
上: shàng — On, above; also used to indicate published or written form
所: suǒ — Particle used before a verb to nominalize it
发表: fābiǎo — To publish, present; to make views or works public
理论: lǐlùn — Theory; a systematic set of ideas explaining something
学说: xuéshuō — Doctrine, theory; an academic school of thought
方面: fāngmiàn — Aspect, area, dimension; a particular side of something
并未: bìng wèi — Did not at all; emphatic negation of a past action
受惠: shòuhuì — To benefit from, receive favor or advantage from someone
于: yú — From, in, at; classical preposition indicating source or location
习惯: xíguàn — Habit, custom; a regular practice one is accustomed to
先: xiān — First, before; indicating priority in sequence of actions
将: jiāng — Will, about to; also marks the object before a verb
书: shū — Book; a written or printed literary work
全部: quánbù — All, entire, complete; every part without exception
写完: xiěwán — To finish writing; to complete a piece of writing
以便: yǐbiàn — So as to, in order to; expressing purpose of an action
使: shǐ — To make, cause; to bring about a certain result
整体: zhěngtǐ — Whole, overall; the complete entity considered together
构架: gòujià — Framework, structure; the underlying organizational framework
趋于: qūyú — To tend toward, approach; moving in a certain direction
完整: wánzhěng — Complete, intact, whole; nothing missing or lacking
然后: ránhòu — Then, after that; indicating the next step in sequence
再: zài — Again, then; indicating a subsequent or repeated action
费心费力: fèixīn fèilì — Painstakingly, with great effort and mental energy
地: de — Adverbial particle linking adverb or phrase to verb
重新: chóngxīn — Anew, again; starting over or doing something fresh
写过: xiěguò — To rewrite; to go through a piece of writing again
以求: yǐqiú — In order to achieve; for the purpose of attaining
措辞: cuòcí — Wording, phrasing; the choice and arrangement of words
行文: xíngwén — Writing style, prose flow; the manner of written expression
臻于: zhēnyú — To reach, attain; to arrive at a state of perfection
完善: wánshàn — Perfect, flawless; fully developed and without defect
毫无疑问: háowú yíwèn — Without any doubt; absolutely certain and unquestionable
作为: zuòwéi — As, in the role of; serving in a particular capacity
文体: wéntǐ — Literary style, genre; the form and manner of writing
批评者: pīpíngzhě — Critic; a person who evaluates and judges works
给予: jǐyǔ — To give, bestow; to provide something to someone
相当大: xiāngdāng dà — Considerably large, quite significant in size or degree

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