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ON THE METHOD OF ZADIG

자딕의 방법에 관하여

ESSAY #1 FROM "SCIENCE AND HEBREW TRADITION"

"과학과 히브리 전통"의 에세이 제1편

By Thomas Henry Huxley

토마스 헨리 헉슬리 저

RETROSPECTIVE PROPHECY AS A FUNCTION OF SCIENCE

과학의 기능으로서의 회고적 예언

"Une marque plus sure que toutes celles de Zadig." [1]--Cuvier.

"자딕의 모든 표식보다 더 확실한 표식." [1]--퀴비에.

It is an usual and a commendable practice to preface the discussion of the views of a philosophic thinker by some account of the man and of the circumstances which shaped his life and coloured his way of looking at things; but, though Zadig is cited in one of the most important chapters of Cuvier's greatest work, little is known about him, and that little might perhaps be better authenticated than it is.

어떤 철학적 사상가의 견해를 논하기에 앞서 그 인물과 그의 삶을 형성하고 사물을 바라보는 방식에 색채를 더한 여러 상황들에 대해 간략히 기술하는 것은 일반적이고도 바람직한 관행이다. 그러나 자딕은 퀴비에의 가장 중요한 저작의 핵심적인 장 중 하나에 인용되고 있음에도 불구하고, 그에 관해 알려진 바는 거의 없으며, 그나마 알려진 것조차 지금보다 더 확실히 입증될 필요가 있을 것이다.

It is said that he lived at Babylon in the time of King Moabdar; but the name of Moabdar does not appear in the list of Babylonian sovereigns brought to light by the patience and the industry of the decipherers of cuneiform inscriptions in these later years; nor indeed am I aware that there is any other authority for his existence than that of the biographer of Zadig, one Arouet de Voltaire, among whose more conspicuous merits strict historical accuracy is perhaps hardly to be reckoned.

그는 모압다르 왕의 시대에 바빌론에 살았다고 전해진다. 그러나 모압다르라는 이름은 근래에 설형 문자 해독자들의 인내와 노력으로 밝혀진 바빌론 군주들의 목록에는 나타나지 않는다. 또한 그의 존재에 대한 다른 어떤 권위 있는 근거도 내가 아는 한 없으며, 오직 자딕의 전기 작가인 아루에 드 볼테르의 기록만이 있을 뿐인데, 그의 두드러진 장점들 중에서 엄격한 역사적 정확성은 아마도 거의 꼽히기 어려울 것이다.

Happily Zadig is in the position of a great many other philosophers.

다행히도 자딕은 다른 많은 철학자들과 같은 처지에 있다.

What he was like when he was in the flesh, indeed whether he existed at all, are matters of no great consequence.

그가 살아 있었을 때 어떤 사람이었는지, 아니 실제로 존재했는지의 여부조차도 그다지 중요한 문제가 아니다.

Vocabulary

제작하였습니다
jejakayeotseumnida — Formally produced or created something
방법에
bangbobe — Relating to a method or approach
관하여
gwanhayeo — Concerning or regarding a topic
과학과
gwahakgwa — Science, coupled with another noun
히브리
Hibeuri — Referring to Hebrew culture or language
전통
jeontong — Cultural or historical tradition passed down
ui — Possessive particle meaning 'of'
에세이
esei — A short piece of written work
je — Ordinal prefix meaning 'number' or 'the Nth'
pyeon — A volume, part, or chapter of a work
jeo — Authored by; indicates the author of a work
과학의
gwahagui — Of or belonging to science
기능으로서의
gineungeuroseoeui — As a function or role of something
회고적
hoegojeoк — Retrospective; looking back at the past
예언
yeon — A prophecy or prediction about the future
모든
modeun — All or every; used before a noun
표식보다
pyosikboda — Compared to a sign or marker
deo — More; indicates a higher degree or amount
확실한
hwaksilhan — Certain, definite, or reliable
표식
pyosik — A sign, mark, or indicator
어떤
eotteon — Some, certain, or a particular kind
철학적
cheolhakjeoк — Philosophical; relating to philosophy
사상가의
sasanggaui — Belonging to a thinker or intellectual
견해를
gyeonhaereul — One's view, opinion, or perspective
논하기에
nonhagіe — For the purpose of discussing or debating
앞서
apsseo — Before; prior to doing something
geu — That; a third-person pronoun or demonstrative
인물과
inmulgwa — A person or figure, coupled with another noun
그의
geuui — His; possessive form of the pronoun 'he'
삶을
salmeul — Life; one's existence or way of living
형성하고
hyeongseонghago — Forming or shaping something and then continuing
사물을
samureul — Things or objects; physical entities
바라보는
baraboneun — Looking at or viewing something
방식에
bangsiке — In a manner or way of doing something
색채를
saekchаereul — Color or hue; tint added to something
더한
deohan — Added to or further increased
여러
yeoreo — Various or several; many kinds
상황들에
In or regarding various situations or circumstances
대해
daehae — About or regarding a subject
간략히
gallyakhi — Briefly or concisely
기술하는
gisulhaneun — Describing or narrating something
것은
geoseun — The thing that; nominalizer with topic marker
일반적이고도
ilbanjeoкigodo — Being general and also another quality
바람직한
baramjikhan — Desirable or preferable; worth pursuing
관행이다
gwanhaengida — It is a practice or convention
그러나
geureona — However; a conjunction showing contrast
가장
gajang — The most; superlative degree marker
중요한
jungyohan — Important or significant
저작의
jeojakui — Of a written work or authored publication
핵심적인
haekssimjeoкin — Core, essential, or central in nature
jang — A chapter or section of a book
jung — Among or in the middle of several
하나에
hanae — In one; referring to a single item
인용되고
inyongdoego — Being cited or quoted in a text
있음에도
isseumedo — Even though something exists or is the case
불구하고
bulguhago — Despite or regardless of circumstances
그에
geue — About him or regarding that person
관해
gwanhae — Regarding or concerning a topic
알려진
allyeojin — Known or made known to others
바는
baneun — The fact that; nominalizer indicating known content
거의
geoui — Almost or nearly; barely any
없으며
eopseumyeo — There is not, and furthermore...
그나마
geunama — Even so; what little there is
것조차
geotjocha — Even that thing; emphasizing the minimal extent
지금보다
jigeumboda — More than now; compared to the present
확실히
hwaksilhi — Certainly or definitively
입증될
ipjeungdoel — Will be proven or verified
필요가
piryoga — There is a need or necessity
있을
isseul — Will exist or will be the case
것이다
geosida — It is the case that; assertive sentence ending
그는
geuneun — He; third-person male subject pronoun
왕의
wangui — Of the king; royal possessive
시대에
sidaee — In the era or age of something
살았다고
saratdago — It is said that someone lived there
전해진다
jeonhaejinda — It is handed down or traditionally told
이름은
ireumeun — The name; topic marker attached to 'name'
근래에
geullaee — Recently; in modern or recent times
설형
seolhyeong — Cuneiform; wedge-shaped ancient writing system
문자
munja — Script or written characters of a language
해독자들의
haedokjadeureui — Belonging to the decoders or decipherers
인내와
innaewa — Patience, coupled with another noun
노력으로
noryeogeuro — By means of effort or hard work
밝혀진
balkkyeojin — Revealed or uncovered through investigation
군주들의
gunjudeureui — Of the monarchs or rulers
목록에는
mongnoкeneun — In the list or catalogue of things
나타나지
natanaji — Does not appear or show up
않는다
anneunda — Does not do; plain negative ending
또한
ttohan — Also or in addition; furthermore
존재에
jonjаее — Regarding existence or being
대한
daehan — Regarding or pertaining to something
다른
dareun — Other or different from something
권위
gwonui — Authority or authoritative credibility
있는
inneun — That exists or is present
근거도
geungeodo — Even a basis or ground for something
내가
naega — I; first-person subject pronoun
아는
aneun — That one knows; present tense of 'to know'
han — As far as; a limiting or conditional expression
오직
ojik — Only or solely; exclusively
전기
jeongi — A biography; account of someone's life
작가인
jakgain — Who is a writer or author
기록만이
girongmani — Only the record or written account remains
뿐인데
ppuninde — It is only that; limiting with contrast
두드러진
dudeurojin — Outstanding or prominent; standing out clearly
장점들
jangjeomdeul — Strengths or advantages; positive qualities
중에서
jungeseo — Among or from within a group
엄격한
eomgyeokhan — Strict or rigorous; demanding high standards
역사적
yeoksajeoк — Historical; relating to history
정확성은
jeonghwakseongеun — Accuracy or precision, as the topic
아마도
amado — Probably or perhaps; expressing uncertainty
꼽히기
kkopigi — Being counted or ranked among something
어려울
eoryeoul — Will be difficult or hard
다행히도
dahaenghido — Fortunately or luckily
많은
maneun — Many or numerous; a large quantity
철학자들과
cheolhakjadeulgwa — Philosophers, coupled with another noun
같은
gateun — Same or similar; like something else
처지에
cheojie — In a situation or position; one's circumstances
있다
itda — To exist or be; basic existence verb
그가
geuga — He; third-person subject pronoun
살아
sara — Alive or living; gerundive form of 'to live'
있었을
isseoссeul — Would have been alive or existing
ttae — Time or moment; when something occurs
사람이었는지
saramieonneunji — Whether someone was a person or not
아니
ani — No or rather; expressing negation or contrast
실제로
siljero — Actually or in reality
존재했는지의
jonjaehaenneujiui — Of whether something existed or not
여부조차도
yeobujochado — Even the question of whether or not
그다지
geudaji — Not particularly or not so much
문제가
munjega — A problem or issue; subject of concern
아니다
anida — It is not; basic negation copula
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