On the Method of Zadig: Essay #1 from "Science and Hebrew Tradition" — Page 11

Vocabulary

história

is-TO-ria — History; the study of past events

na

na — Contraction of em + a: in the

acepção

a-sep-SAO — Meaning or sense of a word

comum

ko-MUM — Common; ordinary; widely shared

palavra

pa-LA-vra — Word; a unit of spoken or written language

baseia-se

ba-ZEI-a-se — It is based; relies upon something

interpretação

in-ter-pre-ta-SAO — Interpretation; explanation of meaning or evidence

evidências

e-vi-DEN-si-as — Evidence; facts supporting a conclusion

documentais

do-ku-men-TAIS — Documentary; relating to or based on documents

documentos

do-ku-MEN-tos — Documents; written records or official papers

teriam

te-RI-am — They would have — conditional of ter

nenhum

ne-NHUM — None; not any; no one

valor

va-LOR — Value; worth; importance

probatório

pro-ba-TO-rio — Probative; serving to prove or demonstrate something

menos

ME-nos — Less; fewer; unless

historiadores

is-to-ri-a-DO-res — Historians; scholars who study history

estivessem

es-ti-VE-sem — Were; subjunctive past of estar

justificados

zhus-ti-fi-KA-dos — Justified; having valid reason or grounds

seu

SEU — His; her; its; their; your — possessive pronoun

pressuposto

pre-su-POS-to — Presupposition; assumption taken for granted

vieram

vi-E-ram — They came; past tense of vir

existir

e-zis-TIR — To exist; to have being or reality

pela

PE-la — Contraction of por + a: by the

operação

o-pe-ra-SAO — Operation; process or action producing an effect

causas

KAU-zas — Causes; reasons that produce an effect

semelhantes

se-me-LHAN-tes — Similar; resembling something else closely

àquelas

a-KE-las — To those; contraction of a + aquelas

quais

KWAIS — Which; that — relative pronoun plural

nossa

NO-sa — Our; first person plural possessive adjective

experiência

ex-pe-ri-EN-sia — Experience; knowledge gained through observation

presente

pre-ZEN-te — Present; current time or existing now

efeitos

e-FEI-tos — Effects; results produced by a cause

Se

se — If; whether — conditional conjunction

escrita

es-KRI-ta — Writing; written text or script

ser

ser — To be — permanent state or identity

produzida

pro-du-ZI-da — Produced; made or created

outra

O-tra — Another; other — feminine adjective

forma

FOR-ma — Form; way; manner; shape

ação

a-SAO — Action; act; deed performed

humana

u-MA-na — Human; relating to human beings

se

se — Reflexive pronoun or conditional: if; oneself

homem

O-mem — Man; human being; adult male

escreveu

es-kre-VEU — He wrote; past tense of escrever

determinado

de-ter-mi-NA-do — Determined; specific; a particular one

documento

do-ku-MEN-to — Document; an official written record

foi

foi — Was; went — past tense of ser/ir

movido

mo-VI-do — Moved; motivated; driven by something

por

por — By; for; through — preposition

outros

O-tros — Others; other — masculine plural adjective

motivos

mo-TI-vos — Motives; reasons behind an action

humanos

u-MA-nos — Human; relating to people or mankind

ordinários

or-di-NA-rios — Ordinary; common; not special or unusual

tais

TAIS — Such; those — plural demonstrative adjective

mais

MAIS — More; most; additionally

tantos

TAN-tos — So many; as many — plural masculine

arabescos

a-ra-BES-kos — Arabesques; intricate ornamental patterns or designs

arqueologia

ar-ke-o-lo-ZHI-a — Archaeology; study of ancient human remains

retoma

re-TO-ma — Resumes; takes up again; recovers

fio

FI-o — Thread; wire; thin strand connecting things

além

a-LEM — Beyond; further; in addition to

ponto

PON-to — Point; dot; place; specific location

faltam

FAL-tam — They lack; are missing; we are without

poderia

po-de-RI-a — Could; would be able to — conditional

senão

se-NAO — Unless; except; otherwise; if not

confiança

kon-fi-AN-sa — Confidence; trust; reliance on something

bem

bem — Well; good; very — adverb

fundamentada

fun-da-men-TA-da — Well-founded; based on solid grounds or evidence

monumentos

mo-nu-MEN-tos — Monuments; structures commemorating events or people

obras

O-bras — Works; creations; construction projects

arte

AR-te — Art; creative expression or skill

artifício

ar-ti-FI-sio — Artifice; craft; human skill or contrivance

jamais

zha-MAIS — Never; at no time; ever — strong negation

foram

FO-ram — Were; they were — past tense of ser

produzidos

pro-du-ZI-dos — Produced; made; created by some process

natureza

na-tu-RE-za — Nature; the natural world or character

diferente

di-fe-REN-te — Different; distinct; not the same

daquelas

da-KE-las — From those; contraction of de + aquelas

às

as — To the; contraction of a + as (plural)

devem

DE-vem — They owe; they must; they should

agora

a-GO-ra — Now; at this present moment

sua

SU-a — His; her; its; their — feminine possessive

origem

o-RI-zhem — Origin; source; starting point of something

geologia

zhe-o-lo-ZHI-a — Geology; science of Earth's structure and rocks

remonta

re-MON-ta — Goes back; traces back to a period

curso

KUR-so — Course; path; progression of events

limites

li-MI-tes — Limits; boundaries; maximum extent allowed

dizer

di-ZER — To say; to tell; to express in words

nada

NA-da — Nothing; not anything at all

exceto

ex-SE-to — Except; excluding; apart from

pelo

PE-lo — Contraction of por + o: by the

há

a — There is; there are; ago — from haver

milhões

mi-LHOES — Millions; very large numbers of something

anos

A-nos — Years; units of time equal to twelve months

água

A-gua — Water; liquid essential for life

calor

ka-LOR — Heat; thermal energy; warmth

gravitação

gra-vi-ta-SAO — Gravitation; force of attraction between masses

atrito

a-TRI-to — Friction; resistance between two surfaces

vida

VI-da — Life; living existence; animate being

animal

a-ni-MAL — Animal; living creature; non-plant organism

vegetal

ve-zhe-TAL — Plant; vegetable; relating to plant life

causavam

kau-ZA-vam — They caused; were causing — imperfect tense

mesmo

MES-mo — Same; even; itself — adjective or adverb

tipo

TI-po — Type; kind; sort of something

causam

KAU-zam — They cause; produce — present tense

Mais

MAIS — More; additionally; to a greater degree

ainda

a-IN-da — Still; yet; even; furthermore

até

a-TE — Until; up to; even — preposition

astronomia

as-tro-no-MI-a — Astronomy; science of celestial bodies and space

física

FI-zi-ka — Physics; science of matter and energy

medida

me-DI-da — Measure; extent; dimension; as far as

leva

LE-va — Takes; carries; leads — third person singular

volta

VOL-ta — Return; turn; back — noun or verb form

remoto

re-MO-to — Remote; distant; very far away in time

tempo

TEM-po — Time; weather; period or duration

ciência

si-EN-sia — Science; systematic knowledge through observation

alcançar

al-kan-SAR — To reach; to achieve; to attain something

fundada

fun-DA-da — Founded; based; established on something

lei

LEI — Law; rule; legal principle or regulation

alguma

al-GU-ma — Some; any — feminine indefinite adjective

vez

ves — Time; instance; occasion — uma vez: once

deixou

dei-XHOU — Left; stopped; let — past tense of deixar

verdadeira

ver-da-DEI-ra — True; genuine; real; authentic

pequena

pe-KE-na — Small; little; tiny — feminine adjective

para

PA-ra — For; to; in order to — preposition

aquele

a-KE-le — That; that one — masculine demonstrative pronoun

período

pe-RI-o-do — Period; span of time; historical era

cálculos

KAL-ku-los — Calculations; computations; mathematical workings

astrônomo

as-TRO-no-mo — Astronomer; scientist who studies celestial bodies

nenhuma

ne-NHUM-a — None; not any — feminine form of nenhum

aplicação

a-pli-ka-SAO — Application; use; practical employment of something