Plays of Sophocles: Oedipus the King; Oedipus at Colonus; Antigone — Page 3

Vocabulary

Oui

wee — Yes; used to affirm or agree.

mon

mohn — My; first-person singular masculine possessive adjective.

souverain

soov-uh-ran — Sovereign; a supreme ruler or monarch.

seigneur

sen-yur — Lord; a title of respect for a noble ruler.

et

ay — And; a basic coordinating conjunction.

roi

rwah — King; a male monarch ruling a country.

Tu

tü — You; informal second-person singular pronoun.

vois

vwah — See; second-person singular present of voir.

comment

koh-mahn — How; used to ask about manner or way.

les

lay — The; plural definite article for nouns.

deux

duh — Two; the cardinal number between one and three.

extrêmes

ex-trem — Extremes; the outermost or most intense points.

de

duh — Of; preposition indicating belonging or origin.

l'

l — The; elided definite article before a vowel sound.

âge

ahzh — Age; the length of time someone has lived.

assiègent

ah-syezh — Besiege; they surround and overwhelm something completely.

Les

lay — The; plural definite article for nouns.

autels

oh-tel — Altars; raised structures used for religious offerings.

ton

tohn — Your; informal second-person singular possessive adjective.

palais

pah-lay — Palace; a grand official residence of a ruler.

jeunes

zhun — Young; adjective describing people of little age.

à

ah — At; preposition indicating location, direction, or manner.

peine

pen — Hardly; barely; with great difficulty or effort.

vieillards

vyay-yar — Old men; elderly males bowed down by age.

courbés

koor-bay — Bent; stooped or bowed down, especially with age.

par

par — By; preposition indicating means, cause, or agent.

années

ah-nay — Years; plural of année, units of time.

des

day — Some; indefinite plural article for French nouns.

prêtres

preh-truh — Priests; ordained religious ministers serving at altars.

tel

tel — Such; of that kind, like the mentioned example.

que

kuh — That; conjunction or relative pronoun connecting clauses.

je

zhuh — I; first-person singular subject pronoun.

le

luh — The; masculine singular definite article.

suis

swee — Am; first-person singular present tense of être.

voici

vwah-see — Here is; used to present or indicate something nearby.

la

lah — The; feminine singular definite article.

fleur

flur — Flower; a blossom, often symbolizing youth or beauty.

notre

noh-truh — Our; first-person plural possessive adjective.

jeunesse

zhuh-nes — Youth; the state or period of being young.

Pendant

pahn-dahn — During; preposition indicating time something takes place.

ce

suh — This; demonstrative adjective or pronoun in French.

temps

tahn — Time; a period or duration of ongoing events.

peuple

puh-pluh — People; a nation or community of individuals.

portant

por-tahn — Carrying; present participle of porter, to carry.

branches

brahnsh — Branches; parts of a tree extending from trunk.

couronnées

koo-roh-nay — Crowned; adorned with a crown or wreath.

feuillages

fuh-yazh — Foliage; leaves or leafy branches of plants.

Envahit

ahn-vah-ee — Invades; floods or overruns a place completely.

nos

noh — Our; first-person plural possessive adjective, plural form.

places

plahs — Squares; public open spaces in a town or city.

publiques

pü-bleek — Public; open and accessible to everyone in society.

ou

oo — Or; coordinating conjunction presenting an alternative.

bien

byan — Well; also used to reinforce a preceding option.

devant

duh-vahn — In front of; preposition indicating position before something.

sanctuaires

sank-tü-air — Sanctuaries; sacred holy places dedicated to worship.

se

suh — Oneself; reflexive pronoun for third person subjects.

rassemble

rah-sahm-bluh — Gathers; comes together in a group or crowd.

là

lah — There; adverb indicating a place or position.

où

oo — Where; relative adverb indicating a place or location.

rend

rahn — Renders; gives or delivers, as oracles deliver prophecies.

ses

say — His/her/its; third-person singular possessive adjective, plural.

oracles

oh-rah-kluh — Oracles; divine prophecies or the sites delivering them.

feu

fuh — Fire; flames used in rituals or for light.

Car

kar — For; conjunction meaning because or since.

comme

kohm — Like; as; conjunction or preposition showing comparison.

toi

twah — You; stressed second-person singular pronoun.

même

mem — Same; even; used for emphasis or comparison.

vaisseau

veh-soh — Ship; a large vessel sailing on water.

État

ay-tah — State; a nation or organized political community.

Cruellement

krü-el-mahn — Cruelly; in a harsh and merciless manner.

battu

bah-tü — Beaten; struck or battered repeatedly by forces.

flots

floh — Waves; billowing surges of water or crowd.

ne

nuh — Not; part of French negation construction with pas.

peut

puh — Can; third-person singular present of pouvoir.

plus

plü — More; also used in negation meaning no longer.

redresser

ruh-dres-ay — To straighten up; to right or correct a course.

tête

tet — Head; the upper part of the human body.

Sombrant

sohm-brahn — Sinking; going down beneath waves or into ruin.

sous

soo — Under; beneath; preposition indicating position below something.

un

an — A; one; masculine indefinite article or numeral.

tumultueux

tü-mül-tü-uh — Tumultuous; wildly chaotic and violently disorderly.

sang

sahn — Blood; the red fluid circulating in living bodies.

Un

an — A; one; masculine indefinite article or numeral.

fléau

flay-oh — Plague; a devastating affliction or destructive calamity.

frappe

frap — Strikes; hits hard, afflicts with devastating force.

moissons

mwah-sohn — Harvests; crops gathered from fields during harvest season.

en

ahn — In; on; preposition with many contextual meanings.

herbe

erb — Grass; herb; green plants growing from the ground.

s'

s — Oneself; elided reflexive pronoun before a vowel.

abat

ah-bah — Strikes down; brings down forcefully onto something below.

sur

sür — On; upon; preposition indicating position above or on.

troupeaux

troo-poh — Herds; groups of grazing livestock animals together.

qui

kee — Who; which; relative pronoun linking clauses together.

femmes

fam — Women; adult female human beings.

travail

trah-vye — Labor; work; also used for the pains of childbirth.

dessus

duh-sü — Above; on top of something or another thing.

tout

too — All; everything; every part or thing included.

Armé

ar-may — Armed; equipped with weapons for attack or defense.

son

sohn — His/her/its; third-person singular possessive adjective.

flambeau

flahm-boh — Torch; a burning flame carried as a light.

ardent

ar-dahn — Ardent; intensely burning, passionate, or fiercely glowing.

Dieu

dyuh — God; the divine being worshipped in religious contexts.

Peste

pest — Plague; a deadly infectious epidemic disease.

S'

s — Oneself; elided reflexive pronoun before a vowel sound.

est

ay — Is; third-person singular present tense of être.

abattu

ah-bah-tü — Struck down; fallen or descended upon with force.

ville

veel — City; a large urban settlement or town.

vidant

vee-dahn — Emptying; draining a place of its population or contents.

La

lah — The; feminine singular definite article.

maison

may-zohn — House; a building used as a home or dwelling.

sombre

sohm-bruh — Dark; gloomy; dim or melancholy in character.

royaume

rwah-yohm — Kingdom; a realm ruled by a king or queen.

De

duh — Of; preposition indicating belonging or origin.

gémissements

zhay-mees-mahn — Moans; sounds of grief, pain, or lamentation.

larmes

larm — Tears; drops of water shed from weeping eyes.

C'

s — It; elided form of ce before est.

pourquoi

poor-kwah — Why; adverb asking for reason or cause.

ô

oh — O; vocative interjection used to address someone solemnly.

Roi

rwah — King; a male monarch ruling a country.

nous

noo — We; us; first-person plural subject or object pronoun.

assis

ah-see — Seated; sitting down before someone in supplication.

foyer

fwah-yay — Hearth; a domestic fireplace or home gathering place.

Moi

mwah — Me; I; stressed first-person singular pronoun.

ces

say — These; plural demonstrative adjective indicating nearby objects.

enfants

ahn-fahn — Children; young people who have not yet grown up.

non

nohn — No; not; used to negate or refuse.

pas

pah — Not; used with ne to form French negation.

te

tuh — You; second-person singular direct or indirect object pronoun.

considérions

kohn-see-day-ryohn — Considered; we regarded or viewed someone in a way.

Comme

kohm — As; like; conjunction or preposition showing comparison.

une

ün — A; one; feminine indefinite article.

nouvelle

noo-vel — New; recently appeared or encountered for first time.

divinité

dee-vee-nee-tay — Divinity; the state of being divine or a deity.

mais

may — But; coordinating conjunction introducing a contrast.

premier

pruh-myay — First; foremost; occurring before all others.

hommes

ohm — Men; human beings or adult males.

Le

luh — The; masculine singular definite article.

dans

dahn — In; inside; preposition indicating location within something.

épreuves

ay-pruv — Trials; hardships or difficult tests one must endure.

ordinaires

or-dee-nair — Ordinary; common, usual, not exceptional or remarkable.

vie

vee — Life; the condition of being alive and existing.

Et

ay — And; basic coordinating conjunction linking words or clauses.

Dieux

dyuh — Gods; plural of dieu, divine supernatural beings.

N'

n — Not; elided form of ne used before a vowel.

es

ay — Are; second-person singular present tense of être.

celui

suh-lwee — The one; demonstrative pronoun referring to a specific person.

venant

vuh-nahn — Coming; present participle of venir, to come.

a

ah — Has; third-person singular present tense of avoir.

délivrés

day-lee-vray — Freed; liberated or rescued from captivity or danger.

du

dü — Of the; contracted form of de le.

tribut

tree-bü — Tribute; a payment or offering demanded by a power.

payions

pay-yohn — Paid; we were paying a fee or tribute regularly.

À

ah — To; at; preposition indicating direction, location, or recipient.

cruelle

krü-el — Cruel; causing pain or suffering without mercy.

chanteuse

shahn-tuz — Singer; here refers to the riddle-singing Sphinx.

n'

n — Not; elided negative particle before a vowel.

avais

ah-vay — Had; second-person singular imperfect tense of avoir.

reçu

ruh-sü — Received; past participle of recevoir, to receive.

D'

d — Of; elided form of de before a vowel.

avertissement

ah-ver-tees-mahn — Warning; a notice alerting someone to impending danger.

part

par — Part; share; also used in the phrase de la part.

ni

nee — Nor; neither; used in negative correlative constructions.

été

ay-tay — Been; past participle of être, to be.

instruit

an-strwee — Taught; instructed or informed by someone else.

d'

d — Of; elided preposition before a vowel sound.

autres

oh-truh — Others; additional or different people or things.

Non

nohn — No; not; used to negate or refuse something.

inspiré

an-spee-ray — Inspired; divinely moved or influenced by a god.

dieu

dyuh — God; a divine being worshipped in religious belief.

ainsi

an-see — Thus; so; in this way or manner.

croient

krwah — Believe; third-person plural present tense of croire.

tous

too — All; everyone; plural form emphasizing totality.

témoignent

tay-mwahn-yuh — Testify; they bear witness or give evidence.

as

ah — Have; second-person singular present tense of avoir.

renouvelé

ruh-noo-vuh-lay — Renewed; restored or revived to a fresh condition.