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Second Treatise of Government — Page 1

English → Spanish Book II Level 9/10

CHAPTER. I.

CAPÍTULO I.

AN ESSAY CONCERNING THE TRUE ORIGINAL, EXTENT AND END OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT

UN ENSAYO SOBRE EL VERDADERO ORIGEN, ALCANCE Y FIN DEL GOBIERNO CIVIL

Sect. 1. It having been shewn in the foregoing discourse,

Sec. 1. Habiéndose demostrado en el discurso anterior,

(1). That Adam had not, either by natural right of fatherhood, or by positive donation from God, any such authority over his children, or dominion over the world, as is pretended:

(1). Que Adán no tenía, ni por derecho natural de paternidad, ni por donación positiva de Dios, ninguna autoridad sobre sus hijos, ni dominio sobre el mundo, tal como se pretende:

(2). That if he had, his heirs, yet, had no right to it:

(2). Que si la hubiera tenido, sus herederos, aun así, no tendrían derecho a ella:

(3). That if his heirs had, there being no law of nature nor positive law of God that determines which is the right heir in all cases that may arise, the right of succession, and consequently of bearing rule, could not have been certainly determined:

(3). Que si sus herederos la hubieran tenido, no existiendo ley natural ni ley positiva de Dios que determine quién es el heredero legítimo en todos los casos que pudieran surgir, el derecho de sucesión, y consecuentemente el de gobernar, no podría haber sido determinado con certeza:

(4).

(4).

Vocabulary

CAPÍTULO
A numbered division or chapter within a book.
UN
Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'.
ENSAYO
A written composition exploring a topic analytically.
SOBRE
Preposition meaning 'about,' 'on,' or 'over'.
EL
Definite masculine singular article meaning 'the'.
VERDADERO
Adjective meaning genuine, real, or true.
ORIGEN
The source or starting point of something.
ALCANCE
The extent, reach, or scope of something.
Y
Conjunction meaning 'and,' linking words or clauses.
FIN
The purpose, end, or goal of something.
DEL
Contraction of 'de' and 'el,' meaning 'of the'.
GOBIERNO
The ruling authority or administration of a state.
CIVIL
Relating to citizens or non-military public affairs.
Habiéndose
Gerund of 'haber,' meaning 'having been' reflexively.
demostrado
Past participle of 'demostrar,' meaning proven or demonstrated.
en
Preposition meaning 'in,' 'on,' or 'at'.
el
Definite masculine singular article meaning 'the'.
discurso
A speech, discourse, or extended written argument.
anterior
Adjective meaning previous, prior, or preceding.
Que
Conjunction meaning 'that,' introducing a subordinate clause.
no
Adverb of negation meaning 'no' or 'not'.
tenía
Imperfect tense of 'tener,' meaning 'had' or 'possessed'.
ni
Conjunction meaning 'nor' or 'neither,' expressing negation.
por
Preposition meaning 'by,' 'for,' or 'through'.
derecho
A legal right or entitlement held by someone.
natural
Adjective meaning existing in or by nature inherently.
de
Preposition meaning 'of,' 'from,' or 'about'.
paternidad
The state or role of being a father.
donación
A gift or grant formally given to someone.
positiva
Adjective meaning explicit, affirmative, or formally granted.
Dios
The word for God in the Spanish language.
ninguna
Adjective or pronoun meaning 'no' or 'none' feminine.
autoridad
Power or right to give orders and enforce obedience.
sobre
Preposition meaning 'over,' 'above,' or 'about'.
sus
Possessive adjective meaning 'his,' 'her,' or 'their'.
hijos
Plural noun meaning children or sons of someone.
dominio
Authority, control, or dominion over a territory or people.
mundo
The Earth or the entire world as a whole.
tal
Adjective or adverb meaning 'such' or 'such a'.
como
Conjunction or adverb meaning 'as,' 'like,' or 'how'.
se
Reflexive pronoun used with verbs for passive or reflexive actions.
pretende
Third person singular of 'pretender,' meaning claims or asserts.
si
Conjunction meaning 'if,' introducing a conditional clause.
la
Definite feminine singular article or object pronoun 'her/it'.
hubiera
Past subjunctive of 'haber,' meaning 'had' hypothetically.
tenido
Past participle of 'tener,' meaning 'had' or 'possessed'.
herederos
Plural noun meaning heirs, those who inherit property or title.
aun
Adverb meaning 'even' or 'still,' emphasizing a point.
así
Adverb meaning 'thus,' 'so,' or 'in this way'.
tendrían
Conditional of 'tener,' meaning 'they would have'.
a
Preposition meaning 'to' or 'at,' indicating direction or target.
ella
Third person singular feminine pronoun meaning 'her' or 'she'.
hubieran
Past subjunctive plural of 'haber,' meaning 'they had'.
existiendo
Gerund of 'existir,' meaning existing or being in existence.
ley
A rule or statute enacted by a governing authority.
que
Relative pronoun or conjunction meaning 'that' or 'which'.
determine
Present subjunctive of 'determinar,' meaning determines or establishes.
quién
Interrogative pronoun meaning 'who' in questions or clauses.
es
Third person singular of 'ser,' meaning 'is'.
heredero
A person legally entitled to inherit another's property or title.
legítimo
Adjective meaning lawful, legitimate, or rightful by law.
todos
Adjective or pronoun meaning 'all' or 'every'.
los
Definite masculine plural article meaning 'the'.
casos
Plural of 'caso,' meaning cases, situations, or instances.
pudieran
Past subjunctive of 'poder,' meaning 'they could' hypothetically.
surgir
To arise, emerge, or come up unexpectedly.
sucesión
The process of inheriting a title, property, or position.
y
Conjunction meaning 'and,' connecting words or phrases.
consecuentemente
Adverb meaning consequently, therefore, or as a result.
gobernar
To govern, rule, or exercise authority over others.
podría
Conditional of 'poder,' meaning 'could' or 'would be able'.
haber
Auxiliary verb meaning 'to have,' used in compound tenses.
sido
Past participle of 'ser,' meaning 'been'.
determinado
Past participle of 'determinar,' meaning determined or established.
con
Preposition meaning 'with,' indicating accompaniment or means.
certeza
The quality of being certain; confidence or sureness.
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