Second Treatise of Government — Page 5

English → Pt Book II Level 9/10

His words are,

Suas palavras são,

The like natural inducement hath brought men to know that it is no less their duty, to love others than themselves; for seeing those things which are equal, must needs all have one measure; if I cannot but wish to receive good, even as much at every man's hands, as any man can wish unto his own soul, how should I look to have any part of my desire herein satisfied, unless myself be careful to satisfy the like desire, which is undoubtedly in other men, being of one and the same nature?

O mesmo impulso natural levou os homens a saber que não é menos seu dever amar os outros do que a si mesmos; pois vendo que as coisas que são iguais devem todas ter uma mesma medida; se não posso deixar de desejar receber o bem, tanto quanto pelas mãos de qualquer homem, como qualquer homem pode desejar para a sua própria alma, como poderia eu esperar ter qualquer parte do meu desejo aqui satisfeito, a menos que eu mesmo tenha o cuidado de satisfazer o mesmo desejo, que está indubitavelmente em outros homens, sendo de uma só e mesma natureza?

To have any thing offered them repugnant to this desire, must needs in all respects grieve them as much as me; so that if I do harm, I must look to suffer, there being no reason that others should shew greater measure of love to me, than they have by me shewed unto them: my desire therefore to be loved of my equals in nature as much as possible may be, imposeth upon me a natural duty of bearing to them-ward fully the like affection; from which relation of equality between ourselves and them that are as ourselves, what several rules and canons natural reason hath drawn, for direction of life, no man is ignorant, Eccl.

Ter qualquer coisa oferecida a eles repugnante a este desejo deve necessariamente em todos os aspectos afligi-los tanto quanto a mim; de modo que se eu causar dano, devo esperar sofrer, não havendo razão para que os outros mostrem maior medida de amor por mim do que aquela que eu lhes demonstrei: meu desejo, portanto, de ser amado pelos meus iguais em natureza tanto quanto possível, impõe-me um dever natural de nutrir por eles plena e igualmente tal afeição; das quais relações de igualdade entre nós mesmos e aqueles que são como nós, quais várias regras e cânones a razão natural estabeleceu para a direção da vida, nenhum homem ignora, Eccl.

Pol. Lib. 1.

Sect. 6.

Vocabulary

Suas: Possessive pronoun meaning 'your' or 'their'
palavras: Words; units of spoken or written language
são: Third person plural of 'ser'; meaning 'are'
O: Definite article 'the' for masculine singular nouns
mesmo: Same; identical in quality or nature
impulso: Impulse; sudden urge or driving force
natural: Natural; existing in or caused by nature
levou: Past tense of 'levar'; led or took someone
os: Definite article 'the' for masculine plural nouns
homens: Men; adult male human beings
a: Preposition or article meaning 'to' or 'the'
saber: To know; to have knowledge or understanding
que: Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that' or 'which'
não: No; negation used to deny or refuse something
é: Third person singular of 'ser'; meaning 'is'
menos: Less; smaller in amount or degree
seu: Possessive pronoun meaning 'his', 'her', or 'its'
dever: Duty; moral obligation or responsibility
amar: To love; to feel deep affection for someone
outros: Others; different or additional people or things
do: Contraction of 'de' and 'o'; meaning 'of the'
si: Reflexive pronoun meaning 'oneself' or 'themselves'
mesmos: Plural of 'mesmo'; same or themselves emphasized
pois: For; because; conjunction indicating reason or cause
vendo: Gerund of 'ver'; seeing or perceiving something visually
as: Definite article 'the' for feminine plural nouns
coisas: Things; objects, matters, or abstract concepts
iguais: Equal; identical in value, quantity, or status
devem: Third person plural of 'dever'; must or should
todas: All; every one of a feminine plural group
ter: To have; to possess or hold something
uma: Feminine indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one'
mesma: Feminine singular of 'mesmo'; same or identical
medida: Measure; standard of size, quantity, or degree
se: Reflexive pronoun or conjunction meaning 'if' or 'oneself'
posso: First person singular of 'poder'; I can
deixar: To leave; to allow or stop doing something
de: Preposition meaning 'of', 'from', or 'about'
desejar: To desire; to wish or long for something
receber: To receive; to get or accept something given
o: Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the'
bem: Good; well; benefit or something morally positive
tanto: So much; as much; indicating great quantity or degree
quanto: As much as; how much; comparative or interrogative quantity
pelas: Contraction of 'por' and 'as'; meaning 'by the'
mãos: Hands; the body part used for grasping things
qualquer: Any; whichever; referring to an unspecified person or thing
homem: Man; an adult male human being
como: How; as; like; used for comparison or manner
pode: Third person singular of 'poder'; can or is able
para: Preposition meaning 'for', 'to', or 'in order to'
sua: Possessive adjective meaning 'his', 'her', or 'your'
própria: Own; belonging specifically to oneself
alma: Soul; the spiritual or immaterial part of a person
poderia: Conditional of 'poder'; could or would be able
eu: I; first person singular personal pronoun
esperar: To hope; to wait; to expect something to happen
parte: Part; portion or share of a whole
meu: My; possessive pronoun for masculine singular nouns
desejo: Desire; wish; strong feeling of wanting something
aqui: Here; in or at this place
satisfeito: Satisfied; content; having desires or needs fulfilled
tenha: Subjunctive of 'ter'; that one has or have
cuidado: Care; caution; attention given to avoid harm
satisfazer: To satisfy; to fulfill a need or expectation
está: Third person singular of 'estar'; is (temporary state)
em: Preposition meaning 'in', 'at', or 'on'
sendo: Gerund of 'ser'; being; in the state of existing
só: Only; alone; just one or solitary
e: And; conjunction connecting words or clauses
natureza: Nature; the natural world or innate character
Ter: To have; infinitive form indicating possession
coisa: Thing; an object, matter, or abstract concept
oferecida: Offered; past participle of 'oferecer'; given or presented
eles: They; third person plural masculine personal pronoun
repugnante: Repugnant; disgusting or deeply offensive
este: This; demonstrative pronoun for masculine singular nearby
deve: Must; should; third person singular of 'dever'
necessariamente: Necessarily; inevitably; in a required or essential manner
todos: All; everyone; every member of a group
aspectos: Aspects; features or parts of something considered separately
afligi-los: To afflict them; to cause suffering or distress to them
mim: Me; first person singular pronoun used after prepositions
modo: Way; manner; method of doing something
causar: To cause; to produce or bring about an effect
dano: Damage; harm; injury caused to someone or something
devo: I must; I owe; first person singular of 'dever'
sofrer: To suffer; to endure pain, hardship, or distress
havendo: Gerund of 'haver'; there being; existing or having
razão: Reason; logic; justification for an action or belief
mostrem: Subjunctive of 'mostrar'; that they show or demonstrate
maior: Greater; larger; comparative adjective indicating superiority
amor: Love; deep affection or strong emotional attachment
por: For; by; through; preposition indicating reason or agent
aquela: That; feminine singular demonstrative pronoun for distant referent
lhes: Indirect object pronoun meaning 'to them' or 'for them'
demonstrei: Past tense of 'demonstrar'; I demonstrated or showed
portanto: Therefore; consequently; used to introduce a conclusion
ser: To be; infinitive of primary existential verb in Portuguese
amado: Loved; past participle of 'amar'; cherished or adored
pelos: Contraction of 'por' and 'os'; meaning 'by the'
meus: My; possessive pronoun for masculine plural nouns
possível: Possible; capable of happening or being achieved
impõe-me: Imposes on me; obligates or requires something of me
um: Masculine indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one'
nutrir: To nurture; to nourish or foster feelings and growth
plena: Full; complete; total in extent or degree
igualmente: Equally; in the same manner or to the same degree
tal: Such; of that kind; referring to something just mentioned
afeição: Affection; fondness; warm emotional feeling toward someone
das: Contraction of 'de' and 'as'; meaning 'of the'
quais: Which; relative or interrogative pronoun for multiple items
relações: Relations; connections or relationships between people or things
igualdade: Equality; the state of being equal in status
entre: Between; among; indicating position or relationship of items
nós: We; us; first person plural personal pronoun
aqueles: Those; masculine plural demonstrative pronoun for distant referents
várias: Various; several; more than two different things
regras: Rules; established principles or guidelines for conduct
cânones: Canons; authoritative rules or standards, often ecclesiastical
estabeleceu: Established; past tense of 'estabelecer'; set up or founded
direção: Direction; guidance; the course along which something moves
da: Contraction of 'de' and 'a'; meaning 'of the'
vida: Life; the condition of being alive and active
nenhum: None; no one; not any person or thing
ignora: Ignores; is unaware of; third person singular of 'ignorar'

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