← Second Treatise of Government

Second Treatise of Government — Page 7

English → Pt Book II Level 9/10

Every one, as he is bound to preserve himself, and not to quit his station wilfully, so by the like reason, when his own preservation comes not in competition, ought he, as much as he can, to preserve the rest of mankind, and may not, unless it be to do justice on an offender, take away, or impair the life, or what tends to the preservation of the life, the liberty, health, limb, or goods of another.

Todo indivíduo, assim como é obrigado a preservar a si mesmo e a não abandonar voluntariamente seu posto, pela mesma razão, quando sua própria preservação não está em jogo, deve, na medida do possível, preservar o restante da humanidade, e não pode, a menos que seja para fazer justiça a um ofensor, tirar ou prejudicar a vida, ou o que tende à preservação da vida, a liberdade, a saúde, os membros ou os bens de outrem.

Sect. 7. And that all men may be restrained from invading others rights, and from doing hurt to one another, and the law of nature be observed, which willeth the peace and preservation of all mankind, the execution of the law of nature is, in that state, put into every man's hands, whereby every one has a right to punish the transgressors of that law to such a degree, as may hinder its violation: for the law of nature would, as all other laws that concern men in this world be in vain, if there were no body that in the state of nature had a power to execute that law, and thereby preserve the innocent and restrain offenders.

Seção 7. E para que todos os homens sejam impedidos de invadir os direitos alheios e de causar dano uns aos outros, e para que a lei da natureza seja observada, a qual deseja a paz e a preservação de toda a humanidade, a execução da lei da natureza é, nesse estado, colocada nas mãos de cada homem, pelo que todo indivíduo tem o direito de punir os transgressores dessa lei em tal grau que possa impedir sua violação: pois a lei da natureza seria, como todas as outras leis que dizem respeito aos homens neste mundo, inútil, se não houvesse ninguém que, no estado de natureza, tivesse o poder de executar essa lei e, assim, preservar os inocentes e restringir os ofensores.

Vocabulary

Todo
Every, each, or all of something
indivíduo
Individual person or human being
assim
Thus, so, or in this way
como
As, like, or how
é
Third person singular of 'to be'
obrigado
Obliged, required, or forced to do something
a
To, at, or feminine definite article
preservar
To preserve, protect, or keep something safe
si
Oneself, reflexive pronoun referring to the subject
mesmo
Same, even, or oneself for emphasis
e
And, conjunction connecting words or clauses
não
No, not, negation word
abandonar
To abandon, leave behind, or give up
voluntariamente
Voluntarily, willingly, of one's own accord
seu
His, her, its, or your possessive pronoun
posto
Post, position, or station one occupies
pela
By the, through the, feminine contraction
mesma
Same, feminine form of mesmo
razão
Reason, rationale, or justification for something
quando
When, at the time that
sua
His, her, your, feminine possessive pronoun
própria
Own, proper, or one's very own
preservação
Preservation, act of keeping something safe
está
Is, third person singular of estar
em
In, at, on, preposition of location
jogo
Game, play, or at stake
deve
Must, should, or owes obligation
na
In the, feminine contraction of em and a
medida
Measure, extent, or degree of something
do
Of the, masculine contraction of de and o
possível
Possible, able to happen or be done
o
The, masculine singular definite article
restante
Remaining, the rest of something
da
Of the, feminine contraction of de and a
humanidade
Humanity, all human beings collectively
pode
Can, is able to, third person singular
menos
Less, fewer, or minus
que
That, which, than, or what
seja
Be, subjunctive form of ser
para
For, to, in order to
fazer
To do or to make something
justiça
Justice, fairness, or legal system
um
A, an, or one, indefinite article
ofensor
Offender, one who commits a transgression
tirar
To take away, remove, or pull out
ou
Or, disjunctive conjunction between alternatives
prejudicar
To harm, damage, or be detrimental to
vida
Life, existence of a living being
tende
Tends, inclines toward, third person singular
à
To the, feminine contraction of a and a
liberdade
Liberty, freedom from restraint or oppression
saúde
Health, state of physical or mental well-being
os
The, masculine plural definite article
membros
Members, limbs, or parts of a group
bens
Goods, property, or possessions owned
de
Of, from, preposition indicating origin or belonging
outrem
Others, another person, someone else
Seção
Section, a distinct part of a document
E
And, conjunction connecting clauses or ideas
todos
All, everyone, plural of todo
homens
Men, human beings, plural of homem
sejam
Be, subjunctive plural form of ser
impedidos
Prevented, hindered, stopped from doing something
invadir
To invade, intrude upon, or encroach on
direitos
Rights, entitlements, or legal claims
alheios
Belonging to others, foreign, or alien
causar
To cause, bring about, or produce something
dano
Damage, harm, or injury inflicted
uns
Some, ones, masculine plural indefinite pronoun
aos
To the, masculine plural contraction
outros
Others, other people or things
lei
Law, rule established by authority
natureza
Nature, the natural world or essence
observada
Observed, followed, or respected as a rule
qual
Which, that, relative pronoun
deseja
Desires, wishes for, third person singular
paz
Peace, absence of conflict or war
toda
All, every, entire, feminine form
execução
Execution, enforcement, or carrying out of something
nesse
In that, on that, demonstrative contraction
estado
State, condition, or political state
colocada
Placed, put, positioned, feminine past participle
nas
In the, feminine plural contraction
mãos
Hands, plural of mão
cada
Each, every individual one
homem
Man, adult male human being
pelo
By the, through the, masculine contraction
todo
All, whole, entire, masculine form
tem
Has, holds, third person singular of ter
direito
Right, entitlement, or straight direction
punir
To punish, penalize someone for wrongdoing
transgressores
Transgressors, those who break rules or laws
dessa
Of that, from that, feminine contraction
tal
Such, such a, of that kind
grau
Degree, grade, or level of something
possa
Can, be able to, subjunctive of poder
impedir
To prevent, stop, or obstruct something
violação
Violation, breach, or infringement of a rule
pois
For, because, since, explanatory conjunction
seria
Would be, conditional form of ser
todas
All, every, feminine plural of todo
as
The, feminine plural definite article
outras
Other, others, feminine plural of outro
leis
Laws, plural of lei
dizem
Say, tell, third person plural of dizer
respeito
Respect, regard, or concern for something
neste
In this, on this, masculine demonstrative contraction
mundo
World, the earth and all its inhabitants
inútil
Useless, pointless, serving no purpose
se
If, oneself, reflexive or conditional particle
houvesse
There were, imperfect subjunctive of haver
ninguém
Nobody, no one, not any person
no
In the, masculine singular contraction
tivesse
Had, imperfect subjunctive of ter
poder
Power, ability, or the verb to be able
executar
To execute, carry out, or enforce something
essa
That, feminine singular demonstrative pronoun
inocentes
Innocent ones, those free of guilt or wrongdoing
restringir
To restrict, limit, or constrain something
ofensores
Offenders, those who commit offenses or crimes
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