Spoon River Anthology — Page 9

Vocabulary

판사

pansa — Judge; a person who presides over a court.

어찌

eojji — How; why; in what way or manner.

된

doen — Become; past modifier form of 되다.

일인지

irínji — Whether it is a matter or thing (nominalizer).

말해다오

malhaedao — Please tell me; informal request to speak.

변호사

byeonhosa — Lawyer; a person who practices law professionally.

중

jung — Among; in the middle of a group or period.

가장

gajang — Most; the superlative degree in Korean.

박식했던

baksikhaetdeon — Was very knowledgeable; past modifier of 박식하다.

내가

naega — I (subject marker); first-person subject form.

거의

geoui — Almost; nearly to a complete degree.

외우다시피

oeudasipi — Almost memorized; practically committed to memory.

했고

haetgo — Did and; past tense connective form of 하다.

위대한

widaehan — Great; magnificent, remarkable in scale or importance.

연설을

yeonseoреul — Speech (object marker); a formal public address.

했으며

haetseumyeo — Did and also; past tense with additive connective.

법원이

beopwoni — Court (subject marker); a judicial institution.

일찍이

iljjigi — Ever before; at an early time in history.

들어본

deureobeon — Ever heard; past modifier meaning previously listened to.

적

jeok — Experience; a nominal indicating a past occurrence.

없는

eomneun — Without; present modifier of 없다, meaning nonexistent.

그리고

geurigo — And; a conjunction connecting clauses or sentences.

써냈던

sseonaetdeon — Had written out; past modifier of 써내다.

판사의

pansaui — Judge's; possessive form indicating belonging to a judge.

찬사를

chansareul — Praise (object marker); words of admiration or approval.

받은

badeun — Received; past modifier form of 받다.

변론서를

byeolronseoreul — Legal brief (object marker); a written legal argument document.

썼던

sseotdeon — Had written; past modifier of 쓰다 (to write).

이곳에

igose — Here; in this specific place or location.

표시도

pyosido — Even a mark; no sign or indication whatsoever.

없이

eopsi — Without; lacking something, adverbial form of 없다.

잊혀진

ichyeojin — Forgotten; passive past modifier meaning left in oblivion.

채

chae — While still; in a state where something remains as-is.

누워

nuwo — Lying down; gerund form of 눕다.

있는데

inneunde — Is lying (contrastive); present tense with contrastive ending.

이

i — This; a demonstrative determiner indicating nearness.

고을의

goeureui — Of the village; possessive form of 고을 (town/village).

주정뱅이

jujeongbaengi — Drunkard; a person who habitually drinks too much.

대리석

daeriseok — Marble; a hard metamorphic rock used for monuments.

묘비를

myobireul — Tombstone (object marker); a stone marking a grave.

갖고

gatgo — Having; connective gerund of 갖다 (to have/possess).

있고

itgo — Has and; connective form of 있다 meaning to have/exist.

그

geu — That; a demonstrative referring to something previously mentioned.

위에는

wieneun — On top of (topic); indicating position above something.

항아리가

hangaliga — Jar (subject marker); a large ceramic container or urn.

얹혀

eonjyeo — Placed upon; passive gerund of 얹다 (to place on top).

있어

isseo — There is; informal present form of 있다.

안에

ane — Inside; indicating position within something.

자연이

jayeoni — Nature (subject marker); the natural world or environment.

아이러니한

aironihan — Ironic; having the quality of unexpected contradiction.

기분으로

gibeuneuro — In a mood of; indicating emotional state or feeling.

꽃

kkot — Flower; the bloom of a plant.

피는

pineun — Blooming; present modifier of 피다 (to bloom/flower).

잡초를

japchoreul — Weeds (object marker); unwanted wild plants.

심어

simeo — Planting; gerund form of 심다 (to plant).

놓았단

noatdan — Had placed; past tense indirect quotation form.

말인가

maringa — Is it to say; rhetorical question ending particle.

주목하시오

jumokhasio — Pay attention; formal imperative meaning please take note.

은행장

eunhaengjang — Bank president; the head of a banking institution.

신문의

sinmunui — Newspaper's; possessive form of 신문 (newspaper).

편집장

pyeonjipjang — Editor-in-chief; the top editor of a publication.

으뜸

euddeum — Chief; the best or foremost of its kind.

교회의

gyohoeui — Church's; possessive form of 교회 (church).

목사

moksa — Pastor; a Christian minister or priest.

목사여

moksayeo — O Pastor; vocative address to a clergyman.

스푼

seupun — Spoon; a utensil, also part of a place name here.

여러

yeoleo — Several; many, more than a few in number.

차례

charye — Times; occurrences or turns in a sequence.

시장을

sijjangeul — Mayor (object marker); the elected head of a city.

지낸

jinaen — Served as; past modifier of 지내다 (to spend/serve time).

마지막으로

majimageuro — Finally; lastly, at the end of a sequence.

여러분

yeoreobun — Everyone; respectful address to a group of people.

모두

modu — All; every one without exception.

회원들이여

hoewondeuriyeo — O members; vocative address to club or group members.

마지막

majimak — Last; final, the very end of something.

말에

mare — Words (locative); referring to someone's spoken utterance.

영웅적인

yeongungjeogín — Heroic; having the qualities of a hero.

잔존

janjon — Remnant; what remains after destruction or defeat.

병력과

byeongnyeokgwa — Military force and; troops remaining in a unit.

함께

hamkke — Together; in company with others.

서서

seoseo — Standing; gerund form of 서다 (to stand).

산에서

sanese — At the mountain; locative indicating a mountainous place.

전장에서

jeonjangeso — On the battlefield; at a site of armed conflict.

영국인

yeonggugín — British person; a national or citizen of Britain.

그들에게

geudeureuge — To them; dative form referring to a group of people.

외쳤을

oechwosseul — Would have shouted; past supposition modifier of 외치다.

때

ttae — When; the time at which something occurs.

항복하라

hangbokhara — Surrender!; imperative command to give up fighting.

용감한

yonggamhan — Brave; having or showing courage in danger.

저물어가는

jeomuleo ganeun — Fading away; a day or light diminishing toward evening.

날

nal — Day; a period of twenty-four hours.

전투가

jeontuга — Battle (subject marker); an armed engagement between forces.

가망

gamang — Hope; prospect or chance of success.

패배로

paebaero — In defeat; ending in a loss or failure.

끝나고

kkeunnago — Ended and; gerund connective of 끝나다 (to end/finish).

더

deo — More; to a greater extent or degree.

이상

isang — More than; beyond a certain point or condition.

군대가

gundaega — Army (subject marker); an organized military force.

아닌

anin — Not being; modifier form of 아니다 (to not be).

무리들이

murideuri — Groups (subject); disorganized crowds of people.

너덜너덜한

neodeolneodeolhan — Tattered; worn and frayed into ragged shreds.

조각들처럼

jogakdeulcheoreom — Like pieces; resembling scattered fragments or shreds.

흘러나왔다

heulleonawatda — Flowed out; past tense of flowing or streaming outward.

폭풍

pokpung — Storm; a violent weather event with strong winds.

속

sok — Inside; within or amid something.

천둥구름처럼

cheondungkureumcheoreom — Like thunderclouds; resembling dark storm clouds with thunder.

그래

geurae — So; yes, that's right, or therefore.

한

han — Said; past modifier form of 하다 (to do/say).

말

mal — Word; spoken words or a statement.

영국군의

yeonggukgunui — British army's; possessive form referring to British forces.

포화가

pohwaga — Cannon fire (subject); artillery bombardment.

언덕

eondeok — Hill; a raised landform smaller than a mountain.

마루를

marureul — Ridge/crest (object); the top or summit of a hill.

평평하게

pyeongpyeonghage — Flat; making level, in a flat manner.

하기

hagi — Doing; nominal gerund form of 하다.

전에

jeone — Before; prior to a certain time or event.

햇빛을

haetbiteul — Sunlight (object marker); the light emitted by the sun.

배경으로

baegyeongeuro — As background; using something as a backdrop.

나는

naneun — I (topic marker); first-person topic in a sentence.

말을

mareul — Words (object marker); a spoken message or statement.

그대들에게

geudaedeurege — To you all; archaic/poetic dative address to a group.

그대들

geudaedeul — You all; archaic/poetic plural second-person pronoun.

모두에게

moduege — To everyone; dative form meaning directed at all people.

하노라

hanora — I declare; archaic declarative ending for solemn speech.

그대에게

geudaeege — To you; archaic/poetic dative second-person address.

오

o — O; an exclamatory interjection for address or emphasis.

세상이여

sesangiyeo — O world; vocative address to the world at large.

그것을

geugeoseul — That (object marker); referring to a previously mentioned thing.

새기라

saegira — Engrave it; imperative form of 새기다 (to carve/inscribe).

명하노니

myeonghononi — I hereby command; archaic declarative form of 명하다.

내

nae — My; first-person possessive pronoun.

묘비

myobi — Tombstone; a stone marker erected over a grave.

위에

wie — On top of; indicating position above a surface.