The Adventures of Roderick Random — Page 4

Vocabulary

Tuttavia

toot-TAH-vee-ah — Nevertheless; used to contrast or introduce a concession.

egli

EH-lyee — He; third-person singular masculine subject pronoun.

non

non — Not; basic negation word in Italian.

esitò

eh-zee-TOH — He hesitated; past tense of esitare.

a

ah — To, at; common preposition with many uses.

lungo

LOON-goh — Long; for a long time when used adverbially.

poiché

poy-KAY — Since, because; introduces a causal clause.

conoscendo

koh-noh-SHEN-doh — Knowing; present participle of conoscere.

perfettamente

pehr-fet-tah-MEN-teh — Perfectly; completely and without any flaw.

il

eel — The; masculine singular definite article.

carattere

kah-RAT-teh-reh — Character; a person's nature or personality.

di

dee — Of, from; very common Italian preposition.

suo

SOO-oh — His, her, its; third-person possessive adjective.

padre

PAH-dreh — Father; male parent of a person.

dubitava

doo-bee-TAH-vah — He doubted; imperfect tense of dubitare.

che

keh — That, which, who; versatile conjunction or pronoun.

questi

KWES-tee — This one, he; pronoun referring to person just mentioned.

fosse

FOS-seh — Were; imperfect subjunctive of essere.

lieto

LYEH-toh — Glad, happy; pleased about something.

quel

kwel — That; masculine singular demonstrative adjective.

pretesto

preh-TES-toh — Pretext; a false reason used to justify something.

per

pehr — For, in order to; common Italian preposition.

liberarsi

lee-beh-RAR-see — To free oneself; to rid oneself of something.

lui

LOO-ee — Him, he; third-person masculine pronoun.

e

eh — And; basic coordinating conjunction.

le

leh — The; feminine plural definite article.

sue

SOO-eh — His, her; feminine plural possessive adjective.

risoluzioni

ree-zoh-loo-TSYOH-nee — Resolutions; firm decisions or determined intentions.

essendo

es-SEN-doh — Being; present participle of essere.

invariabili

een-vah-RYAH-bee-lee — Invariable; unchanging and fixed without exception.

come

KOH-meh — As, like; used for comparison or manner.

leggi

LED-jee — Laws; rules established by authority or tradition.

dei

DEH-ee — Of the; masculine plural contraction of di + i.

sapeva

sah-PEH-vah — He knew; imperfect tense of sapere.

sarebbe

sah-REB-beh — Would be; conditional tense of essere.

stato

STAH-toh — Been; past participle of essere.

inutile

ee-NOO-tee-leh — Useless; serving no purpose or effect.

tentarlo

ten-TAR-loh — To try him; infinitive tentare with object pronoun attached.

con

kon — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means.

preghiere

preh-GYEH-reh — Prayers, pleas; earnest requests or religious supplications.

suppliche

SOOP-plee-keh — Supplications; humble begging or desperate petitions.

così

koh-ZEE — So, thus; therefore or in this way.

senza

SEN-tsah — Without; indicating the absence of something.

alcuna

ahl-KOO-nah — Any; feminine singular indefinite adjective, often in negation.

ulteriore

ool-teh-RYOH-reh — Further; additional beyond what already exists.

insistenza

een-sees-TEN-tsah — Insistence; persistence in demanding or repeating something.

si

see — Himself, herself, themselves; reflexive pronoun.

ritirò

ree-tee-ROH — He withdrew; past tense of ritirarsi.

la

lah — The; feminine singular definite article.

sua

SOO-ah — His, her; feminine singular possessive adjective.

sconsolata

skon-soh-LAH-tah — Disconsolate; deeply saddened and without comfort.

compagna

kom-PAH-nyah — Companion, partner; a female companion or partner.

letto

LET-toh — Bed; furniture used for sleeping or resting.

in

een — In, at; basic preposition of location or state.

una

OO-nah — A, an; feminine singular indefinite article.

casa

KAH-zah — House, home; a building where people live.

colonica

koh-LOH-nee-kah — Farmhouse; a rural dwelling on agricultural land.

dove

DOH-veh — Where; relative or interrogative adverb of place.

viveva

vee-VEH-vah — Lived; imperfect tense of vivere.

un'

oon — An; feminine indefinite article before vowel.

antica

ahn-TEE-kah — Ancient, old; long-established or of great age.

serva

SEHR-vah — Servant; a female domestic worker or maid.

madre

MAH-dreh — Mother; female parent of a child.

là

lah — There; adverb indicating a place away from speaker.

rimasero

ree-MAH-zeh-roh — They remained; past tense of rimanere.

qualche

KWAHL-keh — Some, a few; indefinite adjective indicating small quantity.

tempo

TEM-poh — Time; a period or duration.

situazione

see-twah-TSYOH-neh — Situation; the circumstances or conditions at a given moment.

poco

POH-koh — Little, not much; small in quantity or degree.

adatta

ah-DAT-tah — Suitable, adapted; fitting or appropriate for purpose.

all'

ahl — To the; contraction of a + la before vowel.

eleganza

eh-leh-GAN-tsah — Elegance; graceful refinement in style or manner.

loro

LOH-roh — Their, them; third-person plural pronoun or possessive.

desideri

deh-ZEE-deh-ree — Desires, wishes; things one wants or longs for.

alla

AHL-lah — To the; contraction of a + la.

tenerezza

teh-neh-RET-tsah — Tenderness; gentle affection and warmth toward someone.

del

del — Of the; masculine singular contraction of di + il.

amore

ah-MOH-reh — Love; deep affection or romantic feeling.

quale

KWAH-leh — Which, who; relative pronoun or interrogative adjective.

tuttavia

toot-tah-VEE-ah — Nevertheless, yet; introduces a contrasting statement.

mio

MEE-oh — My; first-person singular masculine possessive adjective.

scelse

SHEL-seh — He chose; past tense of scegliere.

sopportare

sop-por-TAH-reh — To endure, bear; to tolerate something difficult.

piuttosto

pyoot-TOS-toh — Rather, quite; expresses preference or moderate degree.

supplicare

soop-plee-KAH-reh — To beg, implore; to ask humbly and desperately.

un

oon — A, an; masculine singular indefinite article.

genitore

jeh-nee-TOH-reh — Parent; a mother or father of a child.

snaturato

znah-too-RAH-toh — Unnatural, heartless; devoid of natural parental feeling.

inflessibile

een-fles-SEE-bee-leh — Inflexible; unyielding and refusing to change.

ma

mah — But; coordinating conjunction showing contrast.

mia

MEE-ah — My; first-person singular feminine possessive adjective.

prevedendo

preh-veh-DEN-doh — Foreseeing; anticipating future difficulties or events.

i

ee — The; masculine plural definite article.

disagi

dee-ZAH-jee — Discomforts, hardships; inconvenient or difficult conditions.

ai

ah-ee — To the; masculine plural contraction of a + i.

quali

KWAH-lee — Which; plural relative pronoun referring to things or people.

stata

STAH-tah — Been; feminine past participle of essere.

esposta

es-POS-tah — Exposed; subjected to risk or difficult conditions.

qualora

kwah-LOH-rah — If, in case; conditional conjunction for hypothetical situations.

partorita

par-toh-REE-tah — Having given birth; past participle of partorire.

luogo

LWOH-goh — Place; a specific location or setting.

gravidanza

grah-vee-DAN-tsah — Pregnancy; the state of carrying a developing child.

era

EH-rah — Was; imperfect tense of essere.

molto

MOL-toh — Very, much; indicates a high degree or quantity.

avanzata

ah-van-TSAH-tah — Advanced; far along in progress or development.

comunicare

koh-moo-nee-KAH-reh — To communicate; to convey information to someone.

proposito

proh-POH-zee-toh — Intention, purpose; a plan or aim one has.

al

ahl — To the; masculine singular contraction of a + il.

marito

mah-REE-toh — Husband; a man in a marriage relationship.

recò

reh-KOH — She went, repaired to; past tense of recarsi.

travestita

trah-ves-TEE-tah — Disguised; dressed to conceal one's true identity.

nonno

NON-noh — Grandfather; the father of one's parent.

sperando

speh-RAN-doh — Hoping; present participle of sperare.

lacrime

LAH-kree-meh — Tears; drops of liquid shed while crying.

condizione

kon-dee-TSYOH-neh — Condition; the state or circumstances of something.

lo

loh — Him, it; masculine singular direct object pronoun.

muovessero

mwoh-VES-seh-roh — Would move; imperfect subjunctive of muovere.

compassione

kom-pas-SYOH-neh — Compassion; deep sympathy for another's suffering.

riconciliassero

ree-kon-chee-LYAH-seh-roh — Would reconcile; imperfect subjunctive of riconciliare.

evento

eh-VEN-toh — Event; something that has happened or occurred.

ormai

or-MY — By now, already; indicating something is already the case.

irrimediabilmente

eer-ree-meh-dyah-beel-MEN-teh — Irreparably; in a way that cannot be fixed.

compiuto

kom-PYOO-toh — Accomplished, done; past participle of compiere.

Trovò

troh-VOH — He/she found; past tense of trovare.

modo

MOH-doh — Way, manner; method of doing something.

ingannare

een-gan-NAH-reh — To deceive, trick; to mislead someone intentionally.

servitori

sehr-vee-TOH-ree — Servants; people employed to serve in a household.

farsi

FAR-see — To have oneself; reflexive infinitive of fare.

introdurre

een-troh-DOOR-reh — To introduce, bring in; to lead someone inside.

infelice

een-feh-LEE-cheh — Unhappy, unfortunate; not happy or in poor circumstances.

signora

see-NYOH-rah — Lady, Mrs.; a term of address for a woman.

desiderava

deh-zee-deh-RAH-vah — She desired, wanted; imperfect tense of desiderare.

lamentarsi

lah-men-TAR-see — To complain, lament; to express grief or dissatisfaction.

alcune

ahl-KOO-neh — Some; feminine plural indefinite adjective.

questioni

kwes-TYOH-nee — Questions, issues; matters under discussion or dispute.

matrimoniali

mah-tree-moh-NYAH-lee — Matrimonial; relating to marriage or married life.

particolare

par-tee-koh-LAH-reh — Particular; specific or of special importance.

competenza

kom-peh-TEN-tsah — Competence; the authority or skill to handle something.

decidere

deh-CHEE-deh-reh — To decide; to make a choice or determination.

tutti

TOOT-tee — All, everyone; every person or thing without exception.

casi

KAH-zee — Cases; instances or situations requiring attention.

scandalo

SKAN-dah-loh — Scandal; an action causing public outrage or shame.