The Adventures of Roderick Random — Page 6

Vocabulary

Mio

mee-oh — My; first-person singular possessive adjective

padre

pah-dreh — Father; male parent

informato

een-fohr-mah-toh — Informed; having been told about something

di

dee — Of, from; common preposition indicating possession or origin

quanto

kwahn-toh — How much, what; refers to quantity or extent

era

eh-rah — Was; third-person singular imperfect of essere

accaduto

ahk-kah-doo-toh — Happened, occurred; past participle of accadere

volò

voh-loh — Flew, rushed; past tense of volare, moved swiftly

tra

trah — Between, among, into; preposition of location or motion

le

leh — The (feminine plural); definite article

braccia

brahch-chah — Arms; plural of braccio, limbs of the body

della

dehl-lah — Of the (feminine singular); contraction of di + la

sua

soo-ah — His, her, its (feminine); third-person possessive adjective

adorata

ah-doh-rah-tah — Adored, beloved; deeply loved feminine person or thing

sposa

spoh-zah — Wife, bride; a woman joined in marriage

e

eh — And; basic coordinating conjunction

mentre

mehn-treh — While, whereas; conjunction indicating simultaneous action

colmava

kohl-mah-vah — Was filling, was showering; imperfect of colmare

la

lah — The (feminine singular); definite article

prole

proh-leh — Offspring, children; one's descendants or progeny

abbracci

ahb-brahch-chee — Embraces, hugs; plural of abbraccio

paterni

pah-tehr-nee — Paternal, fatherly; relating to or characteristic of a father

non

nohn — Not; basic negation word

riuscì

ree-oo-shee — Managed, succeeded; past tense of riuscire

a

ah — To, at; preposition indicating direction or purpose

trattenersi

traht-teh-nehr-see — To hold oneself back, to restrain oneself

dallo

dahl-loh — From the (masculine singular); contraction of da + lo

spargere

spahr-jeh-reh — To shed, to scatter; to spread or pour out

un

oon — A, an (masculine); indefinite article

fiume

fyoo-meh — River; large natural watercourse; also used metaphorically

lacrime

lah-kree-meh — Tears; drops of fluid shed from the eyes

nel

nehl — In the (masculine singular); contraction of in + il

vedere

veh-deh-reh — To see; infinitive of the verb of sight

cara

kah-rah — Dear, beloved (feminine); term of endearment

compagna

kohm-pahn-yah — Companion, partner (feminine); close female associate

del

dehl — Of the (masculine singular); contraction of di + il

suo

soo-oh — His, her, its (masculine); third-person possessive adjective

cuore

kwoh-reh — Heart; vital organ; also seat of emotions

per

pehr — For, by, through; versatile preposition of purpose

il

eel — The (masculine singular); definite article

cui

kwee — Whose, whom, which; relative pronoun

benessere

beh-nehs-seh-reh — Well-being, welfare; state of health and happiness

avrebbe

ah-vrehb-beh — Would have; third-person singular conditional of avere

sacrificato

sah-kree-fee-kah-toh — Sacrificed; given up something valuable for another

i

ee — The (masculine plural); definite article

tesori

teh-zoh-ree — Treasures; plural of tesoro, precious valuables

dell'

dehl — Of the (before vowel); elided form of dello/della

oriente

oh-ryehn-teh — Orient, East; the eastern part of the world

distesa

dee-steh-zah — Lying stretched out; past participle of distendere

su

soo — On, upon; preposition of position or location

in

een — In, into; preposition of location or state

misero

mee-zeh-roh — Wretched, miserable; in a poor and pitiful condition

appartamento

ahp-pahr-tah-mehn-toh — Apartment, flat; a self-contained residential unit

incapace

een-kah-pah-cheh — Incapable, unable; lacking ability or means to do something

proteggerla

proh-tehd-jehr-lah — To protect her; infinitive with feminine object pronoun

dalle

dahl-leh — From the (feminine plural); contraction of da + le

intemperie

een-tehm-peh-ryeh — Harsh weather, elements; severe outdoor weather conditions

tempo

tehm-poh — Time, weather; measure of duration or atmospheric conditions

Non

nohn — Not; basic negation word

è

eh — Is; third-person singular present of essere

da

dah — From, by, since; versatile preposition of origin or agent

supporre

soop-pohr-reh — To suppose, to assume; to consider something likely true

che

keh — That, which, who; conjunction or relative pronoun

vecchio

vehk-kyoh — Old, elderly; advanced in age, the old man

gentiluomo

jehn-tee-lwoh-moh — Gentleman; a man of good breeding and manners

fosse

fohs-seh — Were, was (subjunctive); imperfect subjunctive of essere

ignaro

een-yah-roh — Unaware, ignorant; not knowing or informed about something

sebbene

sehb-beh-neh — Although, even though; concessive conjunction

fingesse

feen-jehs-seh — Pretended (subjunctive); imperfect subjunctive of fingere

sapere

sah-peh-reh — To know; infinitive expressing knowledge or awareness

nulla

nool-lah — Nothing; pronoun indicating absence of anything

faccenda

fahch-chehn-dah — Matter, affair, business; a thing to be dealt with

pretendesse

preh-tehn-dehs-seh — Pretended, claimed (subjunctive); imperfect subjunctive of pretendere

essere

ehs-seh-reh — To be; fundamental infinitive of existence or identity

molto

mohl-toh — Very, much; adverb or adjective of great degree

sorpreso

sohr-preh-zoh — Surprised; having received unexpected news or an event

quando

kwahn-doh — When; conjunction or adverb of time

uno

oo-noh — One, a (masculine); number or indefinite article

dei

deh-ee — Of the (masculine plural); contraction of di + i

suoi

swoh-ee — His, her (masculine plural); possessive adjective

nipoti

nee-poh-tee — Grandchildren or nephews/nieces; plural of nipote

figlio

feel-yoh — Son, child; male offspring

primogenito

pree-moh-jeh-nee-toh — Firstborn; the eldest son or child in a family

defunto

deh-foon-toh — Deceased, late; a person who has died

viveva

vee-veh-vah — Was living; imperfect tense of vivere

con

kohn — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means

lui

lwee — Him, he; third-person masculine personal pronoun

come

koh-meh — As, like, how; conjunction or adverb of comparison

erede

eh-reh-deh — Heir; person entitled to inherit another's estate

apparente

ahp-pah-rehn-teh — Apparent, presumptive; seeming or presumed rather than certain

lo

loh — Him, it (masculine); direct object pronoun

mise

mee-zeh — Put, set; third-person singular past of mettere

al

ahl — To the (masculine singular); contraction of a + il

corrente

kohr-rehn-teh — Current; mettere al corrente means to inform someone

egli

ehl-yee — He; formal third-person masculine personal pronoun

decise

deh-chee-zeh — Decided; third-person singular past of decidere

pertanto

pehr-tahn-toh — Therefore, consequently; formal adverb of logical result

tenere

teh-neh-reh — To hold, to keep; infinitive expressing retention

alcuna

ahl-koo-nah — Any, no (feminine); used in negative context meaning none

via

vee-ah — Way, path, road; also means via or through

mezzo

mehd-zoh — Middle, means, half; middle ground or medium

ma

But; basic adversative conjunction

immediatamente

eem-meh-dyah-tah-mehn-teh — Immediately, at once; without any delay

terzo

tehr-tsoh — Third; the ordinal number following second

giorno

johr-noh — Day; a 24-hour period of time

dopo

doh-poh — After, afterwards; preposition or adverb of time

parto

pahr-toh — Childbirth, delivery; the act of giving birth

inviò

een-vyoh — Sent; third-person singular past of inviare

ordine

ohr-dee-neh — Order, command; an authoritative instruction to act

andarsene

ahn-dahr-seh-neh — To go away, to leave; reflexive infinitive with particle ne

congedò

kohn-jeh-doh — Dismissed, discharged; past tense of congedare

servo

sehr-voh — Servant; a person employed to serve another

aveva

ah-veh-vah — Had; third-person singular imperfect of avere

salvato

sahl-vah-toh — Saved, rescued; past participle of salvare

vita

vee-tah — Life; the state of being alive

Questo

kwehs-toh — This; masculine singular demonstrative pronoun or adjective

comportamento

kohm-pohr-tah-mehn-toh — Behavior, conduct; the way a person acts

esasperò

eh-zahs-peh-roh — Exasperated, infuriated; past tense of esasperare

talmente

tahl-mehn-teh — So much, to such a degree; adverb of intensity

mio

mee-oh — My (masculine); first-person singular possessive adjective

ricorse

ree-kohr-seh — Resorted, turned to; past tense of ricorrere

alle

ahl-leh — To the (feminine plural); contraction of a + le

più

pyoo — More, most; adverb of comparison or intensity

terribili

tehr-ree-bee-lee — Terrible, dreadful; extremely severe or frightening

sulle

sool-leh — On the (feminine plural); contraction of su + le

sue

soo-eh — His, her (feminine plural); third-person possessive adjective

ginocchia

jee-nohk-kyah — Knees; plural of ginocchio, joints of the leg

nude

noo-deh — Bare, naked (feminine plural); uncovered or unclothed

implorò

eem-ploh-roh — Implored, begged; past tense of implorare

Cielo

chyeh-loh — Heaven, sky; celestial realm or the sky above

se

seh — If; conditional conjunction introducing a hypothesis

mai

mah-ee — Ever, never; adverb used with negation or in questions

avesse

ah-vehs-seh — Had (subjunctive); imperfect subjunctive of avere

dimenticato

dee-mehn-tee-kah-toh — Forgotten; past participle of dimenticare

o

oh — Or; basic disjunctive conjunction

perdonato

pehr-doh-nah-toh — Forgiven; past participle of perdonare

barbarie

bahr-bah-ryeh — Barbarity, cruelty; savage and brutal behavior

I

ee — The (masculine plural); definite article

danni

dahn-nee — Damages, harms; plural of danno, injury or loss

questa

kwehs-tah — This (feminine); singular feminine demonstrative adjective

infelice

een-feh-lee-cheh — Unhappy, unfortunate; in a sad or wretched state

madre

mah-dreh — Mother; female parent

subì

soo-bee — Suffered, underwent; past tense of subire

causa

kow-zah — Cause, reason; that which produces an effect

trasferimento

trahs-feh-ree-mehn-toh — Transfer, move; act of moving from one place to another

tali

tah-lee — Such, those; plural demonstrative adjective

circostanze

cheer-koh-stahn-tseh — Circumstances; conditions surrounding an event or situation

mancanza

mahn-kahn-tsah — Lack, absence; the state of something being missing

necessario

neh-chehs-sah-ryoh — Necessary; required or essential for a purpose

luogo

lwoh-goh — Place, location; a specific area or site

alloggiava

ahl-lohd-jah-vah — Was lodging, was staying; imperfect of alloggiare

insieme

een-syeh-meh — Together, along with; in company or combination

dolore

doh-loh-reh — Pain, grief, sorrow; physical or emotional suffering

all'

ahl — To the (before vowel); elided form of alla or allo

angoscia

ahn-goh-shah — Anguish, anxiety; intense emotional distress or torment

animo

ah-nee-moh — Mind, spirit, soul; inner disposition or emotional state

gettarono

jeht-tah-roh-noh — Threw, plunged; third-person plural past of gettare

presto

prehs-toh — Soon, quickly; in a short time or rapidly

stato

stah-toh — State, condition; a particular situation or circumstance

malattia

mah-laht-tee-ah — Illness, disease; a condition of poor health

pose

poh-zeh — Put an end, placed; past tense of porre

fine

fee-neh — End, conclusion; the termination of something

alla

ahl-lah — To the (feminine singular); contraction of a + la