The Adventures of Roderick Random — Page 3

Vocabulary

学問

gakumon — Academic learning; scholarship; pursuit of knowledge.

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.

進歩

shinpo — Progress; advancement; improvement over time.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru; connecting verb meaning 'do/did'.

才能

sainou — Talent; natural ability; innate skill or gift.

磨かれる

migakareru — To be polished; refined; honed through practice.

れる

reru — Passive or potential verb suffix in Japanese.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, time, or purpose.

つれて

tsurete — As; along with; in proportion to change.

これら

korera — These; referring to nearby multiple items.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle in Japanese.

物語

monogatari — Story; tale; narrative account of events.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the sentence topic.

詩

shi — Poetry; verse; literary expression through rhythmic language.

優雅

yuuga — Elegance; grace; refined and dignified beauty.

さ

sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives, indicating degree or quality.

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or cause.

飾られ

kazarare — To be decorated; adorned; embellished with elegance.

れ

re — Passive verb ending; part of passive conjugation.

人々

hitobito — People; various persons; the general populace.

注意

chuui — Attention; caution; notice directed toward something.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

より

yori — More; than; comparative particle indicating degree.

引き

hiki — Drawing; pulling; attracting something toward oneself.

つける

tsukeru — To attach; apply; attract; fasten to something.

もの

mono — Thing; object; something that exists or occurs.

と

to — Particle meaning 'and', 'with', or quotation marker.

なった

natta — Became; past tense of naru meaning to become.

それら

sorera — Those; referring to previously mentioned multiple items.

祭り

matsuri — Festival; celebration; traditional public ceremonial event.

場

ba — Place; venue; scene where events occur.

公衆

koushu — The public; general audience; people at large.

向けて

mukete — Directed toward; aimed at a specific audience.

歌われ

utaware — To be sung; performed vocally for an audience.

聴衆

choushu — Audience; listeners gathered to hear a performance.

教化

kyouka — Edification; moral instruction; enlightening the people.

喜び

yorokobi — Joy; delight; pleasure derived from experience.

ため

tame — For the sake of; purpose; benefit of someone.

供され

kyousare — To be offered; provided; supplied for use.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending in Japanese.

また

mata — Also; again; furthermore; in addition to.

栄光

eikou — Glory; honor; splendid renown and great distinction.

ある

aru — To exist; to be; to have (for inanimate).

行い

okonai — Deed; conduct; action; behavior one carries out.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement or orientation toward.

奨励

shourrei — Encouragement; promotion; urging someone toward good action.

して

shite — Doing; conjunctive form connecting actions or purposes.

戦い

tatakai — Battle; fight; struggle; armed conflict or contest.

前

mae — Before; in front of; prior to an event.

語り

katari — Narration; storytelling; spoken recounting of events.

聞かされ

kikasare — To be made to listen; told; narrated to someone.

れた

reta — Past passive ending; was done to the subject.

こうして

koushite — Thus; in this way; thereby leading to result.

悲劇

higeki — Tragedy; dramatic work ending in disaster or death.

叙事詩

jojishi — Epic poem; long narrative verse on heroic themes.

生まれ

umare — Birth; origin; to be born or come into being.

趣味

shumi — Taste; hobby; aesthetic interest or personal preference.

発展

hatten — Development; growth; expansion of something over time.

ともに

tomo ni — Together with; along with; as something progresses.

完成

kansei — Completion; perfection; fully finished state of something.

域

iki — Level; realm; domain; degree or sphere reached.

達し

tasshi — Reached; attained; arrived at a certain level.

最も

mottomo — Most; extremely; the highest degree among all.

優れた

sugureta — Excellent; outstanding; superior in quality or ability.

詩人

shijin — Poet; person who composes poetry or verse.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.

よって

yotte — By means of; due to; through the agency of.

数多く

kazuooku — Numerous; many in number; a great many things.

注目

chuumoku — Attention; notice; focusing eyes or mind on something.

す

su — Shortened form of suru; to do something.

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expressing obligation or expectation.

出来事

dekigoto — Event; happening; occurrence; something that takes place.

称えられる

tataerareru — To be praised; celebrated; extolled for great deeds.

目

me — Eye; aim; purpose; view or perspective.

した

shita — Did; past tense of suru meaning to do.

後

nochi / ato — After; later; subsequent to a point in time.

古代

kodai — Ancient times; antiquity; very old historical period.

人

hito — Person; human being; individual people.

散文

sanbun — Prose; ordinary written language without verse structure.

寓話

guuwa — Fable; allegorical story conveying a moral lesson.

好ま

konomare — To be preferred; favored; liked by people generally.

なかった

nakatta — Did not exist; was not; past negative of nai.

も

mo — Also; even; too; inclusive or emphatic particle.

不思議

fushigi — Strange; mysterious; wonderful; hard to understand or explain.

ない

nai — Not; negative auxiliary; does not exist or occur.

それゆえ

soreyue — Therefore; for that reason; consequently due to that.

そう

sou — So; that way; in that manner or degree.

呼べる

yoberu — Can be called; able to be named or labeled.

すれ

sure — Conditional form of suru; if one does so.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'.

別

betsu — Different; separate; another; an exception to rule.

だ

da — Copula; plain form of desu meaning 'is/are'.

優れ

sugure — Excel; surpass; be superior in quality or skill.

時代

jidai — Era; age; period of history or time.

おいて

oite — At; in; regarding a particular place or time.

ロマンス

romansu — Romance; romantic narrative or love story genre.

見当たら

mitatura — Cannot be found; not visible; absent from view.

野蛮

yaban — Barbarism; savagery; uncivilized brutal behavior or people.

ヨーロッパ

Yooroppa — Europe; the continent of European nations.

侵入

shinnyuu — Invasion; intrusion; forceful entry into territory.

芸術

geijutsu — Art; fine arts; creative artistic expression or works.

再び

futatabi — Again; once more; a second time.

栄え

sakae — Prosperity; flourishing; thriving state of culture.

始める

hajimeru — To begin; start; commence doing something.

まで

made — Until; up to; as far as a limit.

この

kono — This; referring to something close to the speaker.

種

shurui / tane — Kind; type; sort; species or category of thing.

何

nani / nani mo — What; nothing; something; any particular thing.

現れ

araware — Appearance; emergence; something coming into view.

しかし

shikashi — However; but; nevertheless; contrasting conjunction.

心

kokoro — Heart; mind; spirit; inner feelings or emotions.

聖職者

seishokusha — Clergy; clergyman; person holding religious office or authority.

権威

ken'i — Authority; power; influence held by a person.

押しつけ

oshitsuke — Imposing; forcing something upon someone unwillingly.

馬鹿げ

bakage — Absurd; foolish; ridiculous beyond reasonable sense.

極み

kiwami — Extreme; utmost degree; the very height of something.

堕落

daraku — Corruption; moral decline; falling into depravity.

とき

toki — Time; moment; occasion when something occurs.

作家

sakka — Writer; author; literary creator of works.

もっともらし

mottomorashi — Plausible; seemingly reasonable; having an air of truth.

見失い

miushinai — Losing sight of; losing track of something important.

その

sono — That; the; referring to something previously mentioned.

作品

sakuhin — Work; piece; literary or artistic creation produced.

怪物

kaibutsu — Monster; creature; frightening or extraordinary being.

的

teki — Suffix meaning '-like', '-ish', or relating to.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

誇張

kochou — Exaggeration; overstatement; magnifying beyond actual truth.

満たし

mitashi — Filling; satisfying; meeting a condition or requirement.

及ば

oyoba — Reaching; equaling; matching up to a standard.

彼ら

karera — They; them; referring to a group of people.

虚構

kyokou — Fiction; fabrication; invented or imaginary narrative content.

凌ごう

shinogouu — To surpass; outdo; overcome or excel beyond others.

決意

ketsui — Determination; resolve; firm decision to do something.

読者

dokusha — Reader; person who reads books or written works.

判断力

handanryoku — Judgment; discernment; ability to make sound decisions.

驚嘆

kyoutan — Astonishment; amazement; filled with wonder and admiration.

念

nen — Feeling; sense; strong emotion or mental impression.

訴えよう

uttaeyou — Appeal to; attempt to move or convince someone.

そこで

sokode — Therefore; so; at that point leading to action.

助け

tasuke — Help; aid; assistance given to someone in need.

取り入れ

toriire — Incorporating; adopting; bringing something into use.

感情

kanjou — Emotion; feeling; subjective inner affective experience.

品格

hinkaku — Dignity; character; refined quality of a person.

英雄

eiyu — Hero; brave champion; person of great courage.

性格

seikaku — Personality; character; distinctive traits of a person.

支える

sasaeru — To support; uphold; hold something or someone up.

代わり

kawari — Substitute; replacement; instead of something else.

肉体

nikutai — Body; flesh; the physical human form.

強さ

tsuyosa — Strength; power; degree of physical or mental force.

活力

katsuryoku — Vitality; energy; vigor; lively dynamic force.

そして

soshite — And then; and; moreover; connecting sequential ideas.

行動

koudou — Action; behavior; conduct; activity carried out.

奇抜

kibatsu — Eccentric; unique; strikingly unconventional or bizarre.

際立た

kiwadata — Standing out; being conspicuous; made to be remarkable.

せた

seta — Caused to; made someone do; past causative ending.