The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Complete — Page 1

Vocabulary

Pas

Not; used to form negation in French sentences.

de

Of, from; common French preposition with many uses.

réponse

An answer or reply given to a question.

Qu'

Contracted form of 'que' meaning 'what' or 'that'.

est

Third-person singular present of 'être,' meaning 'is'.

ce

This, that; demonstrative pronoun or adjective in French.

qu'

Contracted form of 'que' before a vowel sound.

il

He or it; third-person masculine singular pronoun.

devenu

Past participle of 'devenir'; become or turned into.

garçon

A boy or young male person; also waiter.

je

First-person singular pronoun meaning 'I' in French.

me

Reflexive or object pronoun meaning 'me' or 'myself'.

demande

To ask, wonder, or request; first-person present form.

Toi

Stressed second-person pronoun meaning 'you' in French.

La

Feminine definite article meaning 'the' in French.

vieille

Old; feminine adjective describing an elderly woman.

dame

A lady or older woman; polite term of address.

fit

Past historic of 'faire'; she/he made or did.

glisser

To slide or slip something along a surface.

ses

Possessive adjective meaning 'his,' 'her,' or 'its' (plural).

lunettes

Eyeglasses worn to correct or protect one's vision.

vers

Toward; a preposition indicating direction or movement.

le

Masculine definite article or pronoun meaning 'the' or 'him'.

bas

Low or bottom; adjective or noun indicating downward position.

et

Coordinating conjunction meaning 'and' in French.

regarda

Past historic of 'regarder'; she/he looked at something.

par

By, through, or per; common French preposition.

dessus

Above or over; adverb or preposition of position.

dans

In or inside; preposition indicating location within something.

la

Feminine definite article or object pronoun meaning 'her/it'.

pièce

A room in a building or a coin or piece.

puis

Then or afterward; adverb indicating sequence of events.

elle

She or it; third-person feminine singular pronoun.

les

Plural definite article or pronoun meaning 'the' or 'them'.

remonta

Past historic of 'remonter'; pushed or moved back up.

dessous

Below or underneath; adverb indicating a lower position.

Elle

She; third-person feminine singular subject pronoun.

regardait

Imperfect of 'regarder'; was looking at or watching.

rarement

Rarely; adverb indicating something happens very infrequently.

voire

Indeed or even; adverb emphasizing or intensifying a statement.

jamais

Never or ever; adverb used in negation or questions.

_à

To or at; common French preposition indicating location or direction.

travers_

Through; used in 'à travers' meaning across or through.

pour

For or in order to; common French preposition.

quelque

Some or a few; indefinite adjective indicating an unspecified amount.

chose

A thing or object; common French noun.

d'

Contracted form of 'de' before a vowel sound.

aussi

Also, too, or so; adverb of addition or comparison.

peu

Little or few; adverb or adjective of small quantity.

important

Important or significant; adjective describing something of consequence.

un

A or an; masculine indefinite article or number one.

c'

Contracted form of 'ce' used before 'est' meaning 'it is'.

était

Imperfect of 'être'; was, indicating past ongoing state.

apparat

Pomp, display, or ceremony; formal show of grandeur.

fierté

Pride; a feeling of satisfaction in one's achievements.

son

His, her, or its; possessive adjective before singular nouns.

cœur

Heart; the organ or center of emotion and feeling.

conçues

Designed or conceived; past participle, feminine plural of 'concevoir'.

style

Style or manner; the distinctive appearance or design quality.

non

No or not; basic negative response or adverb.

l'

Contracted definite article 'le' or 'la' before vowel sounds.

usage

Use or practice; the habitual or customary employment of something.

aurait

Conditional of 'avoir'; would have in hypothetical statements.

tout

All, everything, or completely; common French adjective or adverb.

bien

Well or good; common adverb indicating quality or agreement.

pu

Past participle of 'pouvoir'; been able to do something.

voir

To see; infinitive of the verb of visual perception.

à

To, at, or in; essential French preposition of location/direction.

travers

Through or across; used in the phrase 'à travers'.

deux

Two; the cardinal number between one and three.

couvercles

Lids or covers placed on top of pots or containers.

poêle

A frying pan or stove used for cooking food.

parut

Past historic of 'paraître'; appeared or seemed to be.

perplexe

Puzzled or confused; unable to understand a situation clearly.

instant

A moment or instant; a very brief period of time.

dit

Past historic of 'dire'; said or told someone something.

pas

Not; negation particle used with 'ne' in sentences.

avec

With; preposition indicating accompaniment or manner.

férocité

Ferocity or fierceness; extreme intensity or savagery of behavior.

mais

But; coordinating conjunction introducing a contrasting idea.

assez

Enough or quite; adverb of sufficiency or moderate degree.

fort

Loud or strong; adjective or adverb of strength or volume.

même

Even, same, or itself; adverb or adjective of identity.

que

That, than, or which; conjunction or relative pronoun.

meubles

Furniture; movable household items such as chairs or tables.

entendent

Third-person plural of 'entendre'; they hear or listen to.

Eh

Hey or well; interjection used to attract attention.

te

You; second-person singular object or reflexive pronoun.

préviens

First-person singular of 'prévenir'; I warn or notify you.

si

If or so; conjunction of condition or intensifying adverb.

t'

Contracted second-person pronoun 'te' before a vowel sound.

attrape

Catches or grabs; first/third-person singular of 'attraper'.

vais—

First-person singular of 'aller'; I am going to do.

ne

Negative particle used with 'pas' to negate a verb.

termina

Past historic of 'terminer'; finished or completed a sentence/action.

sa

His, her, or its; possessive adjective before feminine nouns.

phrase

A sentence or phrase; a grammatical unit of expression.

car

Because or for; conjunction explaining a cause or reason.

déjà

Already or yet; adverb indicating prior occurrence of action.

en

In, on, or by; versatile preposition or pronoun in French.

train

Process; used in 'en train de' meaning currently doing.

se

Reflexive pronoun meaning himself, herself, itself, or themselves.

pencher

To lean or bend forward; an infinitive verb of posture.

donner

To give or deliver something to someone; an infinitive verb.

des

Some or of the; plural indefinite article in French.

coups

Blows, hits, or strikes; plural of 'coup' meaning hit.

balai

A broom used for sweeping floors or surfaces clean.

sous

Under or beneath; preposition indicating a lower position.

lit

A bed used for sleeping or resting at night.

lui

Him or her; third-person indirect object or stressed pronoun.

fallait

Imperfect of 'falloir'; it was necessary or required.

donc

Therefore or so; conjunction indicating consequence or conclusion.

garder

To keep or maintain; to hold or preserve something.

souffle

Breath or puff; the air expelled or inhaled during breathing.

ponctuer

To punctuate or punctuate; to mark or interrupt rhythmically.

chaque

Each or every; adjective indicating all individual members.

coup

A blow, hit, or strike; also an action or instance.

surgir

To surge up or appear suddenly from a hidden place.

rien

Nothing or anything; indefinite pronoun used in negation.

autre

Other or another; adjective indicating a different person or thing.

chat

A cat; a common domestic feline animal kept as pet.

Je

I; the first-person singular subject pronoun in French.

n'

Contracted negative particle 'ne' before a vowel sound.

ai

First-person singular of 'avoir'; I have in present tense.

vu

Past participle of 'voir'; seen or observed something.

pareil

Similar, such, or the same; adjective of likeness or comparison.

dirigea

Past historic of 'diriger'; headed or moved toward a destination.

porte

A door or gate; an opening in a wall for entry.

ouverte

Open; feminine past participle of 'ouvrir,' describing an open door.

s'

Contracted reflexive pronoun 'se' before a vowel sound.

y

There or to it; adverb or pronoun replacing a location.

tint

Past historic of 'tenir'; held or stood in a place.

parmi

Among or amid; preposition indicating position within a group.

plants

Seedlings or young plants grown for transplanting or cultivation.

tomates

Tomatoes; red edible fruits grown in gardens or farms.

mauvaises

Bad or harmful; feminine plural adjective describing negative quality.

herbes

Herbs or weeds; small plants growing wild or cultivated.

qui

Who or which; relative or interrogative pronoun in French.

constituaient

Imperfect of 'constituer'; made up or formed a whole.

jardin

A garden; an outdoor area where plants are cultivated.

Alors

Then, so, or well; adverb indicating time or consequence.

éleva

Past historic of 'élever'; raised or lifted something higher.

voix

Voice; the sound produced by a person when speaking or singing.

selon

According to; preposition indicating basis or perspective.

angle

An angle or corner; a geometric direction or viewpoint.

calculé

Calculated or deliberate; past participle meaning planned or measured.

porter

To carry or bear; also to wear or reach a destination.

au

To the or at the; contraction of 'à le' in French.

loin

Far or far away; adverb of distance from a point.

cria

Past historic of 'crier'; shouted or called out loudly.

Un

A or one; masculine indefinite article or cardinal number.

léger

Light or slight; adjective describing something of little weight.

bruit

A noise or sound; any audible disturbance in the environment.

entendre

To hear or listen; infinitive verb of auditory perception.

derrière

Behind or in the back of; preposition of position.

retourna

Past historic of 'retourner'; turned around or went back.

juste

Just or exactly; adverb indicating precision or immediacy.

temps

Time or weather; common French noun with multiple meanings.

saisir

To seize or grab; to take hold of something suddenly.

petit

Small or little; adjective describing something of small size.

col

A collar on a garment worn around the neck area.

veste

A jacket or short coat worn as an outer garment.

arrêter

To stop or arrest; to halt a movement or person.

fuite

Flight or escape; the act of running away from something.

J'

Contracted first-person pronoun 'je' before a vowel sound.

aurais

Conditional of 'avoir'; I would have in a hypothetical situation.

dû

Past participle of 'devoir'; had to or should have done.

penser

To think or consider; infinitive verb of mental reflection.

placard

A cupboard or closet built into or against a wall.

tu

You; informal second-person singular subject pronoun in French.

faisais

Imperfect of 'faire'; you were doing or making something.

là

There; adverb indicating a specific place or location.

dedans

Inside or within; adverb indicating position inside something.

Rien

Nothing; indefinite pronoun used in negative constructions.