The Ballad of the White Horse — Page 2

Vocabulary

Pour

poor — Preposition meaning 'for' or 'in order to'

le

luh — Definite article 'the' for masculine nouns

deuxième

duh-zyem — Ordinal number meaning 'second'

cas

kah — A situation, instance, or case

il

eel — Third-person singular masculine pronoun 'he'

existe

eg-zeest — Third-person singular of 'exister', meaning 'exists'

un

uhn — Indefinite article 'a' or 'an' for masculine nouns

conte

kohnt — A tale or short story, often fictional

populaire

pop-ü-lair — Adjective meaning 'popular' or 'of the people'

selon

suh-lohn — Preposition meaning 'according to'

lequel

luh-kel — Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'who'

joua

zhoo-ah — Past tense of 'jouer', meaning 'played'

de

duh — Preposition meaning 'of', 'from', or 'about'

la

lah — Definite article 'the' for feminine nouns

harpe

arp — A stringed musical instrument, the harp

et

ay — Coordinating conjunction meaning 'and'

chanta

shahn-tah — Past tense of 'chanter', meaning 'sang'

dans

dahn — Preposition meaning 'in' or 'inside'

camp

kahn — A temporary settlement or military encampment

danois

dah-nwah — Adjective meaning 'Danish', relating to Denmark

je

zhuh — First-person singular pronoun 'I'

choisis

shwah-zee — First-person of 'choisir', meaning 'I choose'

parce

par-suh — Part of 'parce que', meaning 'because'

que

kuh — Conjunction meaning 'that', 'which', or 'than'

c'

s — Contracted form of 'ce', meaning 'it' or 'this'

est

ay — Third-person singular of 'être', meaning 'is'

quelle

kel — Interrogative or relative adjective 'what' or 'which'

soit

swah — Subjunctive of 'être', meaning 'may be' or 'whether'

l'

l — Contracted definite article 'the' before a vowel

époque

ay-pok — A period of time or historical era

à

ah — Preposition indicating location, direction, or time

laquelle

lah-kel — Relative pronoun 'which' for feminine antecedents

apparu

ah-pah-rü — Past participle of 'apparaître', meaning 'appeared'

troisième

trwah-zyem — Ordinal number meaning 'third'

entra

ahn-trah — Past tense of 'entrer', meaning 'entered'

en

ahn — Preposition meaning 'in', 'on', or 'by'

contact

kohn-takt — A connection or interaction between people or things

avec

ah-vek — Preposition meaning 'with'

une

ün — Indefinite article 'a' or 'an' for feminine nouns

femme

fam — A woman or wife

des

day — Plural indefinite article or partitive meaning 'some'

gâteaux

gah-toh — Plural of 'gâteau', meaning 'cakes' or 'pastries'

vulgaire

vül-gair — Adjective meaning 'vulgar', 'common', or 'coarse'

Il

eel — Third-person singular masculine pronoun 'he'

a

ah — Third-person singular of 'avoir', meaning 'has'

été

ay-tay — Past participle of 'être', meaning 'been'

contesté

kohn-tes-tay — Past participle of 'contester', meaning 'disputed'

par

par — Preposition meaning 'by', 'through', or 'per'

graves

grahv — Adjective meaning 'serious' or 'grave'

historiens

ees-tor-yahn — Plural noun meaning 'historians'

qui

kee — Relative or interrogative pronoun meaning 'who'

étaient

ay-teh — Imperfect plural of 'être', meaning 'were'

crois

krwah — First-person of 'croire', meaning 'I believe'

peu

puh — Adverb or noun meaning 'little' or 'few'

trop

troh — Adverb meaning 'too much' or 'too many'

pour

poor — Preposition meaning 'for' or 'in order to'

être

etr — Infinitive verb meaning 'to be'

bons

bohn — Plural adjective meaning 'good'

juges

zhüzh — Plural noun meaning 'judges'

Les

lay — Plural definite article 'the'

deux

duh — Cardinal number meaning 'two'

principales

prahn-see-pal — Feminine plural adjective meaning 'main' or 'principal'

accusations

ah-kü-zah-syohn — Plural noun meaning 'accusations' or 'charges'

portées

por-tay — Past participle of 'porter', meaning 'brought' or 'leveled'

contre

kohntr — Preposition meaning 'against'

ce

suh — Demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'

récit

ray-see — A narrative, account, or story

sont

sohn — Third-person plural of 'être', meaning 'are'

qu'

k — Contracted form of 'que' before a vowel, meaning 'that'

consigné

kohn-see-nyay — Past participle of 'consigner', meaning 'recorded'

première

pruh-myair — Feminine ordinal adjective meaning 'first'

fois

fwah — A time or occasion; used in expressions of frequency

longtemps

lohn-tahn — Adverb meaning 'a long time' or 'for long'

après

ah-pray — Preposition or adverb meaning 'after'

mort

mor — Noun meaning 'death'

d'

d — Contracted form of 'de' before a vowel, meaning 'of'

comme

kom — Conjunction or preposition meaning 'as' or 'like'

soutient

soo-tyahn — Third-person of 'soutenir', meaning 'maintains' or 'argues'

M.

muh-syuh — Abbreviation for 'Monsieur', meaning 'Mister'

n'

n — Contracted negative particle 'ne' before a vowel

jamais

zhah-meh — Adverb meaning 'never' or 'ever'

vraiment

vray-mahn — Adverb meaning 'really' or 'truly'

erré

air-ay — Past participle of 'errer', meaning 'wandered' or 'roamed'

seul

suhl — Adjective or adverb meaning 'alone' or 'only'

sans

sahn — Preposition meaning 'without'

aucun

oh-kuhn — Negative adjective meaning 'no' or 'not any'

ni

nee — Negative conjunction meaning 'nor' or 'neither'

soldat

sol-dah — A soldier or military serviceman

Ces

say — Plural demonstrative adjective meaning 'these' or 'those'

objections

ob-zhek-syohn — Plural noun meaning 'objections' or 'oppositions'

pourraient

poo-reh — Conditional plural of 'pouvoir', meaning 'could'

peut-

puh — Part of 'peut-être', meaning 'perhaps' or 'maybe'

réfutées

ray-fü-tay — Past participle of 'réfuter', meaning 'refuted'

nous

noo — First-person plural pronoun meaning 'we' or 'us'

fallu

fah-lü — Past participle of 'falloir', meaning 'needed' or 'required'

presque

presk — Adverb meaning 'almost' or 'nearly'

autant

oh-tahn — Adverb meaning 'as much' or 'as many'

temps

tahn — Noun meaning 'time' or 'weather'

apprendre

ah-prahndr — Infinitive verb meaning 'to learn' or 'to teach'

toute

toot — Feminine form of 'tout', meaning 'all' or 'entire'

vérité

vay-ree-tay — Noun meaning 'truth'

sur

sür — Preposition meaning 'on', 'about', or 'over'

plus

plü — Adverb meaning 'more' or used in comparisons

encore

ahn-kor — Adverb meaning 'still', 'yet', or 'again'

écoulé

ay-koo-lay — Past participle of 'écouler', meaning 'elapsed' or 'passed'

entre

ahntr — Preposition meaning 'between' or 'among'

rédaction

ray-dak-syohn — The writing or drafting of a text

tels

tel — Plural adjective meaning 'such' or 'such as'

récits

ray-see — Plural noun meaning 'accounts', 'narratives', or 'stories'

Et

ay — Conjunction meaning 'and'

quant

kahn — Part of 'quant à', meaning 'as for' or 'regarding'

autre

ohtr — Adjective or pronoun meaning 'other' or 'another'

objection

ob-zhek-syohn — A reason or argument against something

les

lay — Plural definite article meaning 'the'

pensent-

pahns — Third-person plural of 'penser', meaning 'they think'

ils

eel — Third-person plural masculine pronoun 'they'

ou

oo — Conjunction meaning 'or'

ne

nuh — Negative particle used with 'pas', 'jamais', etc.

s'

s — Reflexive pronoun 'se' contracted before a vowel

promené

proh-muh-nay — Past participle of 'promener', meaning 'walked' or 'strolled'

bois

bwah — Noun meaning 'wood', 'woods', or 'forest'

pendant

pahn-dahn — Preposition meaning 'during' or 'for' a period of time

heure

ur — Noun meaning 'hour' or 'time'

Dix

dees — Cardinal number meaning 'ten'

minutes

mee-nüt — Plural noun meaning 'minutes' as units of time

suffire

sü-feer — Infinitive verb meaning 'to suffice' or 'to be enough'

essentiel

ay-sahn-syel — Adjective or noun meaning 'essential' or 'the essential part'

histoire

ees-twahr — A story or history; a narrative of events

Mais

meh — Conjunction meaning 'but'

cherche

shairsh — First-person of 'chercher', meaning 'I look for'

pas

pah — Negative particle meaning 'not', used with 'ne'

prouver

proo-vay — Infinitive verb meaning 'to prove'

ces

say — Plural demonstrative adjective meaning 'these' or 'those'

traditions

trah-dee-syohn — Plural noun meaning 'traditions' or 'customs'

populaires

pop-ü-lair — Plural adjective meaning 'popular' or 'folk'