The Ballad of the White Horse — Page 1

Vocabulary

神々

kamigami — Gods, deities; plural form of god.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

造り

tsukuri — Making, creating, crafting something.

し

shi — Past tense auxiliary or conjunctive verb form.

が

ga — Subject marker particle in a sentence.

その

sono — That, referring to something previously mentioned.

日の出

hinode — Sunrise, the moment the sun rises.

過ぎる

sugiru — To pass by, go beyond, exceed.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle.

見る

miru — To see, look at, observe something.

前

mae — Before, in front of, prior to.

に

ni — Direction, location, or time marker particle.

谷

tani — Valley, a low area between hills.

白馬

hakuba — White horse; also a place name in Japan.

は

wa — Topic marker particle indicating the subject.

草地

kusachi — Grassland, meadow, grassy area.

から

kara — From, since, because; origin or cause particle.

切り出さ

kiridas(a) — To cut out, carve from a material.

れ

re — Passive or potential auxiliary verb form.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting verb phrases.

い

i — Auxiliary indicating ongoing state or action.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb marker.

夜明け

yoake — Dawn, daybreak, the beginning of morning.

思う存分

omou zonbun — To one's heart's content, without restraint.

飲む

nomu — To drink, swallow a liquid.

丘

oka — Hill, a small elevated landform.

上

ue — Above, on top of, upper position.

で

de — Location or means particle; at, by, with.

白く

shiroku — Whitely, in a white manner; adverbial form.

古び

furubi — To age, become old and worn.

大地

daichi — The earth, ground, vast land surface.

重なる

kasanaru — To pile up, overlap, be layered.

幾つ

ikutsu — How many, several; an indefinite number.

も

mo — Also, too, even; additive or emphasis particle.

時代

jidai — Era, age, period in history.

幾億年

iku-oku-nen — Hundreds of millions of years, vast time span.

歳月

saigetsu — Years and months, passage of time.

過ぎ去り

sugisari — To pass away, elapse, go by.

西

nishi — West, the westward direction.

丘々

okagaoka / okaoka — Hills upon hills, many rolling hills.

平和

heiwa — Peace, tranquility, absence of conflict.

と

to — And, with; connecting or quoting particle.

戦

ikusa / tatakai — War, battle, armed conflict.

あり

ari — There was/were; classical existence verb form.

それ

sore — That, referring to something just mentioned.

見守っ

mimamot(te) — To watch over, keep an eye on protectively.

知っ

shit(te) — To know, be aware of a fact.

知る

shiru — To come to know, learn, understand.

者

mono — Person, one who does something.

誰

dare — Who, which person; interrogative pronoun.

なかっ

nakata — There was not; negative past auxiliary form.

時

toki — Time, moment, occasion, when.

彼

kare — He, him; third-person male pronoun.

最初

saisho — First, the very beginning, initial.

櫂

kai — Oar, paddle used to row a boat.

折れ

ore — To break, snap, be fractured.

あるいは

aruiwa — Or, alternatively, either one option.

曲がる

magaru — To bend, curve, turn direction.

見た

mita — Saw, did see; past tense of 見る.

天

ten — Heaven, sky, the celestial realm.

落ち

ochi — To fall, drop, descend downward.

世界

sekai — The world, the entire earth, universe.

終わる

owaru — To end, finish, come to a close.

おお

oo — Oh! An exclamation of awe or surprise.

神

kami — God, deity, divine spirit.

よ

yo — Vocative or emphatic sentence-ending particle.

なんと

nanto — How, what a; exclamation of surprise.

遠い

tooi — Far, distant, long ago.

昔

mukashi — Long ago, the old days, ancient times.

こと

koto — Thing, fact, matter; nominalizer.

か

ka — Question marker or rhetorical emphasis particle.

終わり

owari — End, conclusion, the final stage.

はるか

haruka — Far away, distant, long ago in time.

だっ

dat(ta) — Was, were; past form of copula だ.

今日

kyou — Today, this day, the present day.

ここ

koko — Here, this place, the current location.

住む

sumu — To live, reside, dwell in a place.

我々

wareware — We, us; formal first-person plural pronoun.

みな

mina — Everyone, all, each and every person.

ある

aru — To exist, be, there is something.

第二

daini — Second, the number two in order.

誕生

tanjou — Birth, being born, coming into existence.

子ら

kora — Children, kids; plural of child.

地上

chijou — On the earth, above ground, terrestrial.

残さ

nokosa — To leave behind, keep, not discard.

れた

reta — Passive past auxiliary; was done to subject.

異邦

ihou — Foreign land, alien country, strange territory.

民

tami — People, folk, citizens of a nation.

よう

you — Like, as if, manner of; resemblance particle.

審判

shinpan — Judgment, trial, divine or final judgment.

日

hi — Day, sun; a unit of time.

後

ato / nochi — After, later, behind in time or space.

果て

hate — End, extremity, far reaches of something.

自由

jiyuu — Freedom, liberty, being unrestricted.

広がっ

hirogat(te) — To spread out, expand, extend widely.

奴隷

dorei — Slave, a person owned by another.

荒野

kouya — Wilderness, wasteland, desolate empty land.

沈ん

shizun(de) — To sink, submerge, go under water.

だ

da — Copula; is, are; plain-form assertion.

そし

soshi(te) — And then, thereupon; conjunction linking events.

太陽

taiyou — The sun, solar star of our system.

海

umi — Sea, ocean, large body of salt water.

溺れ

obore — To drown, be submerged, overwhelmed by water.

空

sora — Sky, air, the atmosphere above earth.

正しく

tadashiku — Correctly, rightly, in a proper manner.

耳

mimi — Ear, the organ for hearing sound.

傾け

katamuke — To tilt, incline; to lend one's ear.

ただ

tada — Only, merely, just, nothing more.

聞こえる

kikoeru — To be audible, can be heard.

突進

tosshin — Rush, charge, dash forward forcefully.

する

suru — To do, perform, carry out an action.

音

oto — Sound, noise, an auditory sensation.

だけ

dake — Only, just, nothing but; limiting particle.

夜

yoru — Night, nighttime, after sunset.

闇

yami — Darkness, gloom, pitch-black condition.

沈む

shizumu — To sink, set, submerge into darkness.

諸国民

shokokumin — Various nations' peoples, peoples of many countries.

地

chi — Earth, ground, land, territory.

諸民族

shominzoku — Various ethnic groups, many different peoples.

行進

koushin — March, procession, advancing in formation.

き

ki — Verb conjunctive ending or classical past marker.

松明

taimatsu — Torch, burning stick carried for light.

篝火

kagaribi — Bonfire, large outdoor fire for light.

輝き

kagayaki — Brilliance, shine, radiant glowing light.

へ

he — Toward, in the direction of; directional particle.

向かっ

mukat(te) — To head toward, face, move in direction.

続く

tsuzuku — To continue, go on, keep happening.

道々

michimichi — Along the way, various roads, as one travels.

泡

awa — Bubble, foam, froth on liquid surface.

揺れ動く

yuredugoku — To sway and move, rock back and forth.

顔々

kaokao — Faces upon faces, many different faces.

満たさ

mitasa — To fill, satisfy, fulfill completely.

夢

yume — Dream, a vision during sleep or aspiration.

中

naka — Inside, within, in the middle of.