The divine comedy — Page 3

Vocabulary

Queste

KWES-teh — These (feminine plural demonstrative adjective)

misere

MEE-zeh-reh — Wretched, miserable (feminine plural adjective)

anime

AH-nee-meh — Souls, spirits (feminine plural noun)

che

keh — That, who, which (conjunction or relative pronoun)

mai

MAH-ee — Never, ever (adverb of time)

non

nohn — Not (standard Italian negation adverb)

vissero

VEES-seh-roh — They lived (third person plural past remote of vivere)

Andavano

ahn-DAH-vah-noh — They were going (imperfect tense of andare)

nude

NOO-deh — Naked, bare (feminine plural adjective)

e

eh — And (basic Italian coordinating conjunction)

dolorosamente

doh-loh-roh-zah-MEN-teh — Painfully, sorrowfully (adverb derived from doloroso)

punte

POON-teh — Stung, pricked (feminine plural past participle of pungere)

Da

dah — By, from (Italian preposition indicating agent or origin)

vespe

VES-peh — Wasps (feminine plural noun)

calabroni

kah-lah-BROH-nee — Hornets (masculine plural noun)

bagnavano

bahn-YAH-vah-noh — They were wetting, bathing (imperfect of bagnare)

le

leh — The (feminine plural definite article)

loro

LOH-roh — Their, they, them (pronoun or possessive adjective)

guance

GWAHN-cheh — Cheeks (feminine plural noun referring to facial cheeks)

Di

dee — Of, with (common Italian preposition)

sangue

SAHN-gweh — Blood (masculine singular noun)

mescolato

mes-koh-LAH-toh — Mixed, blended (past participle of mescolare)

alle

AHL-leh — To the (contraction of a + le)

lacrime

LAH-kree-meh — Tears (feminine plural noun)

cadeva

kah-DEH-vah — Was falling, fell (imperfect tense of cadere)

ai

AH-ee — To the (contraction of a + i, masculine plural)

piedi

PYEH-dee — Feet (masculine plural noun)

là

lah — There (adverb indicating a distant location)

veniva

veh-NEE-vah — Was coming, used to come (imperfect of venire)

raccolto

rahk-KOHL-toh — Gathered, collected (past participle of raccogliere)

da

dah — By, from (preposition of agent or origin)

ripugnanti

ree-poo-NYAHN-tee — Repulsive, disgusting (plural adjective)

vermi

VER-mee — Worms (masculine plural noun)

Poi

POH-ee — Then, afterward (adverb indicating sequence)

volgendo

vohl-JEN-doh — Turning (gerund of volgere)

lo

loh — The, it (masculine singular definite article or pronoun)

sguardo

ZGWAHR-doh — Gaze, look, glance (masculine noun)

più

pyoo — More, further (adverb of degree or comparison)

avanti

ah-VAHN-tee — Forward, ahead (adverb of direction)

scorsi

SKOR-see — I caught sight of, I spotted (past remote of scorgere)

Una

OO-nah — A, one (feminine singular indefinite article)

folla

FOHL-lah — Crowd, throng of people (feminine noun)

sulla

SOOL-lah — On the (contraction of su + la)

riva

REE-vah — Bank, shore, riverbank (feminine noun)

gran

grahn — Great, large (adjective, shortened form of grande)

fiume

FYOO-meh — River (masculine noun)

Al

ahl — To the (contraction of a + il, masculine singular)

dissi

DEES-see — I said (first person singular past remote of dire)

Signore

see-NYOH-reh — Lord, Sir, Mister (masculine noun of respect)

concedimi

kon-CHEH-dee-mee — Grant me, allow me (imperative of concedere with clitic)

ora

OH-rah — Now (adverb of time)

sapere

sah-PEH-reh — To know (infinitive of common Italian verb)

Chi

kee — Who (interrogative or relative pronoun)

vediamo

veh-DYAH-moh — We see (first person plural present of vedere)

qui

kwee — Here (adverb of place)

cosa

KOH-zah — What, thing (interrogative pronoun or noun)

sembrano

SEM-brah-noh — They seem, they appear (third plural present of sembrare)

spinti

SPEEN-tee — Driven, pushed (masculine plural past participle of spingere)

Così

koh-ZEE — So, thus, in this way (adverb)

bramosi

brah-MOH-zee — Eager, desirous (masculine plural adjective)

passare

pahs-SAH-reh — To pass, to cross over (infinitive)

oltre

OHL-treh — Beyond, further (adverb or preposition)

come

KOH-meh — As, how, like (conjunction or adverb)

io

EE-oh — I (first person singular subject pronoun)

distinguo

dees-TEEN-gwoh — I distinguish, I can make out (first singular present)

Attraverso

aht-trah-VER-soh — Through, across (preposition of traversal)

luce

LOO-cheh — Light (feminine noun)

fioca

FYOH-kah — Dim, faint (feminine adjective describing weak light)

Egli

EHL-yee — He (third person masculine singular subject pronoun)

mi

mee — Me, to me (first person singular object pronoun)

rispose

ree-SPOH-zeh — He answered, responded (past remote of rispondere)

breve

BREH-veh — Brief, short (adjective)

Questo

KWES-toh — This (masculine singular demonstrative adjective or pronoun)

saprai

sah-PRAH-ee — You will know (second singular future of sapere)

appena

ahp-PEH-nah — As soon as, just, barely (conjunction or adverb)

nostri

NOS-tree — Our (masculine plural possessive adjective)

passi

PAHS-see — Steps, paces (masculine plural noun)

giungeranno

joon-jeh-RAHN-noh — They will arrive, reach (third plural future of giungere)

Presso

PRES-soh — Near, close to (preposition of proximity)

dolorosa

doh-loh-ROH-zah — Sorrowful, painful (feminine adjective)

dell'

del — Of the (elided contraction of di + la/lo before vowel)

con

kohn — With (Italian preposition of accompaniment)

gli

lyee — The, to him (masculine plural article or indirect pronoun)

occhi

OHK-kee — Eyes (masculine plural noun)

abbassati

ahb-bahs-SAH-tee — Lowered, downcast (masculine plural past participle of abbassare)

pieni

PYEH-nee — Full (masculine plural adjective)

vergogna

ver-GOHN-yah — Shame, embarrassment (feminine noun)

Temendo

teh-MEN-doh — Fearing (gerund of temere)

mie

MYEH — My (feminine plural possessive adjective)

parole

pah-ROH-leh — Words (feminine plural noun)

recassero

reh-KAHS-seh-roh — They might bring, carry (past subjunctive of recare)

offesa

ohf-FEH-zah — Offense, insult (feminine noun)

Fino

FEE-noh — Until, up to (preposition or conjunction of limit)

a

ah — To, at (basic Italian preposition)

quando

KWAHN-doh — When (temporal conjunction or adverb)

giungemmo

joon-JEM-moh — We arrived, reached (first plural past remote of giungere)

astenni

ahs-TEN-nee — I refrained, I abstained (past remote of astenersi)

dal

dahl — From the (contraction of da + il)

parlare

pahr-LAH-reh — To speak, to talk (infinitive)

verso

VER-soh — Toward, towards (preposition of direction)

noi

NOH-ee — We, us (first person plural pronoun)

su

soo — On, upon (Italian preposition)

una

OO-nah — A, one (feminine indefinite article)

barca

BAHR-kah — Boat (feminine noun)

Si

see — Himself, herself, itself (reflexive pronoun)

avanza

ah-VAHN-tsah — It advances, moves forward (third singular present of avanzare)

vecchio

VEK-kyoh — Old man, old (masculine noun or adjective)

candido

KAHN-dee-doh — White, pure, candid (adjective)

capelli

kah-PEL-lee — Hair (masculine plural noun)

bianchi

BYAHN-kee — White (masculine plural adjective)

per

pehr — For, by, through (common Italian preposition)

l'

l — The (elided form of definite article before vowel)

età

eh-TAH — Age (feminine noun referring to one's years)

Gridando

gree-DAHN-doh — Shouting, crying out (gerund of gridare)

Guai

GWAH-ee — Woe, trouble (exclamation of warning or misfortune)

voi

VOH-ee — You (second person plural subject pronoun)

malvage

mahl-VAH-jeh — Wicked, evil (feminine plural adjective)

sperate

speh-RAH-teh — You hope (second plural present of sperare, or adjective hoped)

rivedere

ree-veh-DEH-reh — To see again (infinitive, prefix ri- + vedere)

il

eel — The (masculine singular definite article)

cielo

CHYEH-loh — Sky, heaven (masculine noun)

Io

EE-oh — I (first person singular subject pronoun)

vengo

VEN-goh — I come (first person singular present of venire)

Per

pehr — For, in order to (preposition expressing purpose)

portarvi

por-TAHR-vee — To carry you, to take you (infinitive + clitic vi)

all'

ahl — To the (elided contraction of a + la/lo before vowel)

altra

AHL-trah — Other, another (feminine adjective)

Nell'

nel — In the (elided contraction of in + la/lo before vowel)

eterna

eh-TER-nah — Eternal (feminine adjective)

tenebra

TEH-neh-brah — Darkness, shadow (feminine noun)

dimorare

dee-moh-RAH-reh — To dwell, to reside (infinitive)

Nel

nel — In the (masculine singular contraction of in + il)

feroce

feh-ROH-cheh — Fierce, ferocious (adjective)

caldo

KAHL-doh — Heat, warmth (masculine noun or adjective)

nel

nel — In the (masculine singular contraction of in + il)

ghiaccio

GYAHT-choh — Ice (masculine noun)

tu

too — You (second person singular subject pronoun)

Stai

STAH-ee — You are, you stay (second singular present of stare)

spirito

SPEE-ree-toh — Spirit, soul (masculine noun)

vivo

VEE-voh — Alive, living (masculine adjective)

vattene

VAHT-teh-neh — Go away! (imperative of andarsene, informal command)

via

VEE-ah — Away, go away (adverb or noun meaning road)

lascia

LAH-shah — Leave, let go (second singular imperative of lasciare)

Questi

KWES-tee — These (masculine plural demonstrative pronoun or adjective)

sono

SOH-noh — Are (third plural or first singular present of essere)

morti

MOR-tee — Dead (masculine plural noun or past participle of morire)

Ma

mah — But (coordinating adversative conjunction)

vide

VEE-deh — He saw (third singular past remote of vedere)

Che

keh — That, who (conjunction or relative pronoun)

li

lee — Them (masculine plural direct object pronoun)

lasciavo

lah-SHAH-voh — I was leaving, I used to leave (imperfect of lasciare)

disse

DEES-seh — He/she said (third singular past remote of dire)

altro

AHL-troh — Other, another (masculine adjective or pronoun)

porto

POR-toh — Port, harbor (masculine noun)

giungerai

joon-jeh-RAH-ee — You will arrive, reach (second singular future of giungere)

alla

AHL-lah — To the (feminine singular contraction of a + la)

Non

nohn — Not (Italian adverb of negation)

questo

KWES-toh — This (masculine singular demonstrative adjective or pronoun)

passaggio

pahs-SAHD-joh — Passage, crossing (masculine noun)

te

teh — You (second singular stressed object pronoun)

agile

AH-jee-leh — Agile, nimble, light (adjective)

Dovrà

doh-VRAH — He/she will have to (third singular future of dovere)

portare

por-TAH-reh — To carry, to bring (infinitive)

Allora

ahl-LOH-rah — Then, at that point (adverb of time)

parlò

pahr-LOH — He/she spoke (third singular past remote of parlare)

mia

MEE-ah — My (feminine singular possessive adjective)

guida

GWEE-dah — Guide, leader (feminine noun)