The Expedition of Humphry Clinker — Page 1

Vocabulary

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun in Japanese.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

お手紙

otegami — Polite word for a letter or correspondence.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

郵便

yuubin — Mail or postal service for delivering letters.

にて

nite — Formal particle meaning by means of or via.

受け取り

uketori — Receiving or accepting something delivered to you.

まし

mashi — Polite verb auxiliary forming past polite tense.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending in Japanese.

ご友人

goyuujin — Polite honorific term for someone's friend.

氏

shi — Honorific suffix meaning Mr. or Ms. formally.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, target, or indirect object.

お渡し

owatashi — Polite form of handing over or delivering something.

し

shi — Conjunctive verb form linking actions or reasons.

原稿

genkou — Manuscript or draft of a written document.

について

ni tsuite — Regarding or about a particular topic or subject.

喜ん

yorokон — Gladly or with pleasure; stem of yorokobu.

で

de — Particle indicating means, place of action, or cause.

ご相談

gosoudan — Polite form of consulting or discussing with someone.

申し上げ

moushiage — Humble honorific form of saying or telling someone.

たい

tai — Auxiliary expressing desire or want to do something.

と

to — Particle meaning and, with, or quotation marker.

思い

omoi — Thought, feeling, or intention about something.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending used in formal Japanese speech.

が

ga — Subject marker particle or conjunctive meaning but.

提示

teiji — Presentation or proposal of conditions or an offer.

さ

sa — Passive or causative auxiliary verb conjugation form.

れ

re — Passive verb ending indicating action done to subject.

条件

jouken — Conditions or terms attached to an agreement or offer.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the sentence topic.

どうしても

doushitemo — No matter what; absolutely; unavoidably under any circumstances.

応じ

ouji — Responding or complying with a request or condition.

かね

kane — Auxiliary expressing inability or reluctance to do something.

そのような

sonoyouna — Such; of that kind or nature; that sort of.

こと

koto — Thing, matter, or fact; nominalizer in Japanese grammar.

非常

hijou — Extremely; very; an extraordinary or unusual degree.

不確か

futashika — Uncertain, unreliable, or not clearly established fact.

な

na — Adjective-linking copula connecting na-adjectives to nouns.

もの

mono — Thing or object; also softens statements or explanations.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is, am, or are formally.

文筆業

bunpitsugyou — Profession of writing; career as a literary writer.

すべて

subete — All, everything, or entirely without exception.

運次第

shidai — Depending entirely on luck or fortune; chance-based.

私

watashi — First-person pronoun meaning I or me in Japanese.

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective referring to nearby thing.

時代

jidai — Era, age, or period of time in history.

最も

mottomo — Most; superlative adverb indicating the greatest degree.

偉大

idai — Great, magnificent, or outstanding in achievement or stature.

人々

hitobito — People; plural form referring to various individuals collectively.

作品

sakuhin — Work of art, literary piece, or creative production.

によって

ni yotte — By means of; through; depending on a cause.

損

son — Loss, damage, or disadvantage suffered by someone.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential or simultaneous actions.

き

ki — Auxiliary indicating an action completed and continuing effect.

具体的

gutaitekи — Concrete, specific, or tangible rather than abstract.

事例

jirei — Case example or instance used to illustrate a point.

挙げ

age — Raising or citing; bringing up an example or name.

名前

namae — Name of a person, place, or thing.

挙げる

ageru — To raise, cite, or give as an example.

も

mo — Also or even; inclusive particle adding emphasis or addition.

でき

deki — Able to do; stem of dekiru meaning can do.

そう

sou — So, that way, or seeming like something is true.

する

suru — To do; the most common action verb in Japanese.

つもり

tsumori — Intention or plan to do something in future.

あり

ari — Existence verb stem; there is or I have.

ませ

mase — Polite negative or imperative auxiliary verb ending.

ん

n — Negative ending or nominalizer softening a statement.

世間

seken — Society, the public, or the world at large.

好み

konomi — Preference, taste, or liking for something particular.

という

to iu — Called, known as, or referring to something named.

実に

jitsu ni — Truly, really, or indeed emphasizing a strong statement.

移ろい

utsuroi — Change, transition, or fleeting shift over time.

やすい

yasui — Easy to do; tendency suffix meaning prone to.