The Great Gatsby — Page 9

Vocabulary

Nemmeno

nem-MEH-no — Not even; used to emphasize negation

la

la — The; feminine singular definite article

ricercatezza

ri-cher-ca-TEZ-za — Refinement, elegance, or studied sophistication

effeminata

ef-fe-mi-NAH-ta — Effeminate; overly delicate or unmanly in appearance

dei

DEH-i — Of the; masculine plural partitive article

suoi

SWOH-i — His, her, its; masculine plural possessive pronoun

abiti

AH-bi-ti — Clothes, garments, or suits worn by a person

da

da — From, by, for; versatile Italian preposition

equitazione

e-kwi-ta-TSYOH-ne — Horseback riding; the sport or practice thereof

poteva

po-TEH-va — Could, was able to; imperfect of potere

nascondere

na-SKON-de-re — To hide, conceal, or keep something from sight

l'

l — The; elided definite article before a vowel

enorme

e-NOR-me — Enormous, huge, or very great in size

potenza

po-TEN-tsa — Power, strength, or force of a person or thing

di

di — Of, from; very common Italian preposition

quel

kwel — That; masculine singular demonstrative adjective

corpo

KOR-po — Body; the physical form of a person or thing

sembrava

sem-BRAH-va — Seemed, appeared; imperfect tense of sembrare

riempire

ri-em-PEE-re — To fill, to fill up completely

quegli

KWEH-lyi — Those; masculine plural demonstrative adjective

stivali

sti-VAH-li — Boots; tall footwear covering the ankle and leg

lucenti

lu-CHEN-ti — Shining, gleaming, polished to brightness

fino

FEE-no — Until, up to; indicates extent or limit

a

a — To, at; basic Italian preposition of direction

tendere

TEN-de-re — To stretch, strain, or pull tightly

allacciatura

al-la-cha-TOO-ra — Lacing, fastening; the part where something is tied

superiore

su-pe-RYOH-re — Upper, higher, superior in position or rank

e

e — And; basic Italian coordinating conjunction

si

si — Reflexive pronoun; oneself, each other, or one

vedere

ve-DEH-re — To see, to observe with one's eyes

un

un — A, an; masculine singular indefinite article

grande

GRAN-de — Large, great, big in size or importance

fascio

FAH-sho — Bundle, bunch, or mass of things grouped together

muscoli

MU-sko-li — Muscles; tissues that produce movement in the body

spostarsi

spo-STAR-si — To move, shift, or displace oneself

quando

KWAN-do — When; temporal conjunction or adverb

sua

SOO-a — His, her, its; feminine singular possessive adjective

spalla

SPAL-la — Shoulder; upper part of the arm and torso

muoveva

mwoh-VEH-va — Was moving; imperfect tense of muovere

sotto

SOT-to — Under, beneath, below in position

il

il — The; masculine singular definite article

sottile

sot-TEE-le — Thin, slender, fine in texture or build

soprabito

so-PRAH-bi-to — Overcoat; outer garment worn over other clothes

Era

EH-ra — Was; third person singular imperfect of essere

capace

ka-PAH-che — Capable, able, competent to do something

un'

un — A, an; elided feminine indefinite article

forza

FOR-tsa — Force, strength, power; physical or mental energy

crudele

kru-DEH-le — Cruel, harsh, causing pain or suffering

voce

VOH-che — Voice; sound produced when speaking or singing

parlante

par-LAN-te — Speaking; present participle of parlare

tenore

te-NOH-re — Tenor; high male singing voice or general tone

burbero

BUR-be-ro — Gruff, surly, rough in manner or speech

rauco

RAH-u-ko — Hoarse, husky; rough or harsh in vocal quality

aggiungeva

ad-jun-JEH-va — Was adding; imperfect tense of aggiungere

all'

all — To the; elided preposition plus definite article

impressione

im-pres-SYOH-ne — Impression; effect produced on the mind or senses

irascibilità

i-ra-shi-bi-li-TAH — Irascibility; tendency to become easily angered

che

ke — That, which, who; relative pronoun or conjunction

trasmetteva

tras-met-TEH-va — Was transmitting, conveying; imperfect of trasmettere

C'

chi — There; elided form of ci before era or sono

era

EH-ra — There was; imperfect of essere in c'era

tocco

TOK-ko — Touch, hint, or trace of a quality

disprezzo

dis-PRET-tso — Contempt, scorn, disdain toward someone

paterno

pa-TER-no — Paternal, fatherly; relating to or like a father

in

in — In, inside; basic Italian preposition of location

essa

ES-sa — It, she; third person feminine singular pronoun

persino

per-SEE-no — Even, including; used to emphasize an extreme case

verso

VER-so — Toward; preposition indicating direction or attitude

le

le — The; feminine plural definite article

persone

per-SOH-ne — People, persons; human beings in general

gli

lyi — Him, to him; indirect object pronoun masculine

piacevano

pya-CHEH-va-no — Were pleasing, were liked; imperfect of piacere

c'erano

CHEH-ra-no — There were; imperfect of essere with ci

uomini

WOH-mi-ni — Men; plural of uomo, adult male humans

lo

lo — Him, it; masculine singular direct object pronoun

avevano

a-VEH-va-no — They had; third person plural imperfect of avere

odiato

o-DYAH-to — Hated; past participle of odiare

morte

MOR-te — Death; end of life, used in idioms intensely

Ora

OH-ra — Now; at this moment in time

non

non — Not; standard Italian negation adverb

crediate

kre-DYAH-te — Believe; second person plural present subjunctive

mia

MEE-a — My; feminine singular possessive adjective

opinione

o-pi-NYOH-ne — Opinion; a personal view or judgment held

su

su — On, about, over; Italian preposition of position

queste

KWES-te — These; feminine plural demonstrative adjective

questioni

kwes-TYOH-ni — Questions, matters, issues under discussion

sia

SEE-a — Is; third person singular present subjunctive

definitiva

de-fi-ni-TEE-va — Definitive, final, conclusive without further doubt

dire

DEE-re — To say, to tell; fundamental Italian verb

solo

SOH-lo — Only, just, alone; limiting adverb or adjective

perché

per-KEH — Because, why; causal conjunction or interrogative

sono

SOH-no — I am, they are; present tense of essere

più

pyoo — More; comparative adverb indicating greater degree

forte

FOR-te — Strong, loud, powerful; adjective or adverb

uomo

WOH-mo — Man; adult male human being

voi

VOH-i — You; second person plural subject pronoun

Eravamo

e-ra-VAH-mo — We were; first person plural imperfect of essere

nella

NEL-la — In the; feminine singular contracted preposition

stessa

STES-sa — Same; feminine singular intensifying adjective

associazione

as-so-cha-TSYOH-ne — Association, club, or society of members

universitaria

u-ni-ver-si-TAH-rya — University-related; pertaining to university life

sebbene

seb-BEH-ne — Although, even though; concessive conjunction

fossimo

FOS-si-mo — We were; first person plural imperfect subjunctive

mai

MAH-i — Never, ever; temporal adverb of frequency

stati

STAH-ti — Been; masculine plural past participle of essere

intimi

IN-ti-mi — Intimate, close; describing a deep personal relationship

avevo

a-VEH-vo — I had; first person singular imperfect of avere

sempre

SEM-pre — Always, ever; temporal adverb of continuity

avuto

a-VOO-to — Had; past participle of avere

mi

mi — Me, myself; first person singular object pronoun

approvasse

ap-pro-VAS-se — Approved; third person singular imperfect subjunctive

volesse

vo-LES-se — Wanted; third person singular imperfect subjunctive

volessi

vo-LES-si — Wanted; first person singular imperfect subjunctive

bene

BEH-ne — Well, good; adverb of manner or noun

con

kon — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or manner

una

OO-na — A, an; feminine singular indefinite article

certa

CHER-ta — Certain, a certain; indefinite feminine adjective

aspra

AS-pra — Harsh, bitter, rough in tone or feeling

sfrontata

sfron-TAH-ta — Brazen, impudent, shameless in manner or attitude

malinconia

ma-lin-ko-NEE-a — Melancholy, sadness; a pensive, lingering sorrow

Parlammo

par-LAM-mo — We spoke; first person plural past absolute of parlare

per

per — For, through, by; common Italian preposition

qualche

KWAL-ke — Some, a few; indefinite adjective before singular noun

minuto

mi-NOO-to — Minute; unit of sixty seconds

sul

sul — On the; masculine singular contracted preposition

portico

POR-ti-ko — Porch, portico; covered entrance or veranda

soleggiato

so-led-JAH-to — Sunny, sunlit; receiving or bathed in sunlight

Ho

o — I have; first person singular present of avere

bel

bel — Beautiful, fine; elided form of bello

posto

POS-to — Place, spot; a location or position

qui

kwi — Here; adverb indicating this location

disse

DIS-se — Said; third person singular past absolute of dire

occhi

OK-ki — Eyes; organs of sight, plural of occhio

guizzavano

gwit-TSA-va-no — Were darting, flashing; imperfect of guizzare

irrequieti

ir-re-KWYE-ti — Restless, fidgety; unable to stay still or calm

tutt'

tut — All; elided form of tutto before intorno

intorno

in-TOR-no — Around, about; in all directions nearby

Girandomi

ji-RAN-do-mi — Turning myself; gerund of girare with reflexive pronoun

braccio

BRAT-cho — Arm; upper limb of the human body

mosse

MOS-se — Moved; third person singular past absolute of muovere

mano

MAH-no — Hand; part of body at end of the arm

larga

LAR-ga — Wide, broad, large in horizontal dimension

piatta

PYAT-ta — Flat, level; having a smooth even surface

lungo

LOON-go — Along, long; preposition or adjective of length

panorama

pa-no-RAH-ma — Panorama, wide view; sweeping scenic landscape

frontale

fron-TAH-le — Frontal, facing forward; relating to the front

includendo

in-klu-DEN-do — Including; gerund of includere, encompassing within

nel

nel — In the; masculine singular contracted preposition

suo

SOO-o — His, her, its; masculine singular possessive adjective

gesto

JES-to — Gesture; movement of hand or body expressing meaning

giardino

jar-DEE-no — Garden; cultivated outdoor space with plants

italiano

i-ta-LYAH-no — Italian; relating to Italy in style or origin

basso

BAS-so — Low, short; of little height or depth

mezzo

MET-tso — Half, middle; denoting a half unit or midpoint

rose

ROH-ze — Roses; fragrant flowering plants with thorny stems

profonde

pro-FON-de — Deep, profound; extending far down or inward

pungenti

pun-JEN-ti — Prickling, sharp, pungent; stinging to touch or smell

motoscafo

mo-to-SKAH-fo — Motorboat; small boat powered by an engine

dal

dal — From the; masculine singular contracted preposition

muso

MOO-zo — Snout, nose; front face of an animal or vehicle

camuso

ka-MOO-zo — Snub-nosed, flat-nosed; having a short blunt front

urtava

ur-TAH-va — Was bumping, knocking; imperfect of urtare

marea

ma-REH-a — Tide; periodic rise and fall of sea level

al

al — At the, to the; masculine singular contracted preposition

largo

LAR-go — Open sea, offshore; far from the shore

Apparteneva

ap-par-te-NEH-va — Belonged; third person singular imperfect of appartenere

petroliere

pet-ro-LYEH-re — Oil tanker or oil magnate; relating to petroleum industry

Mi

mi — Me, myself; first person singular object pronoun

girò

ji-ROH — Turned; third person singular past absolute of girare

nuovo

NWOH-vo — New, again; adjective or used in di nuovo

cortesemente

kor-te-ze-MEN-te — Courteously, politely; in a courteous manner

bruscamente

brus-ka-MEN-te — Abruptly, brusquely; in a sudden sharp manner

Entriamo

en-TRYAH-mo — Let's go in, let's enter; first person plural imperative