The Importance of Being Earnest: A Trivial Comedy for Serious People — Page 13

Vocabulary

Guten

Good; used in greetings like 'Guten Tag'

Tag

Day; used in the common greeting 'Guten Tag'

lieber

Dear; affectionate address to someone

ich

I; first-person singular pronoun

hoffe

Hope; first-person singular present of hoffen

Sie

You; formal second-person pronoun in German

benehmen

To behave; to conduct oneself in a manner

sich

Oneself; reflexive pronoun used with verbs

sehr

Very; adverb intensifying adjectives or adverbs

gut

Good; adjective describing quality or behavior

Mir

Me; dative form of the first-person pronoun

geht

Goes; also used in 'es geht mir' meaning I am doing

es

It; neuter third-person singular pronoun

Tante

Aunt; female relative, parent's sister

Das

That/the; neuter definite article or demonstrative pronoun

ist

Is; third-person singular of the verb sein

nicht

Not; negation word used to negate statements

ganz

Quite/whole; entirely or completely something

dasselbe

The same; referring to an identical thing

Tatsächlich

Indeed/actually; expressing confirmation or emphasis

gehen

To go; basic verb of movement or progress

die

The; definite article for feminine or plural nouns

beiden

Both; referring to two things or people together

Dinge

Things; plural of Ding, meaning objects or matters

selten

Rarely/seldom; something that happens infrequently

zusammen

Together; in combination or at the same time

Erblickt

Catches sight of; suddenly notices someone or something

und

And; basic coordinating conjunction in German

verbeugt

Bows; performs a bow toward someone respectfully

vor

Before/in front of; spatial or temporal preposition

ihm

Him; dative form of the third-person masculine pronoun

mit

With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means

eisiger

Icy; extremely cold, used figuratively for coldness

Kälte

Cold/coldness; low temperature or emotional frostiness

Zu

To; preposition indicating direction or purpose

Meine

My; first-person possessive pronoun, feminine form

Güte

Goodness; used in exclamations like 'meine Güte'

sind

Are; plural or formal present tense of sein

aber

But/however; coordinating conjunction showing contrast

schick

Chic/stylish; elegantly fashionable in appearance

Ich

I; first-person singular nominative pronoun

bin

Am; first-person singular present of sein

immer

Always; at all times without exception

Nicht

Not; negation used in questions 'nicht wahr'

wahr

True; corresponding to facts or reality

vollkommen

Perfectly/completely; entirely correct or flawless

das

That/the; neuter article or demonstrative pronoun

würde

Would; conditional form of werden auxiliary verb

keinen

No/none; negative article in accusative masculine form

Raum

Room/space; physical space or opportunity for something

für

For; preposition indicating purpose or beneficiary

Entwicklungen

Developments; plural of Entwicklung, progress or changes

lassen

To let/allow; to permit something to occur

beabsichtige

Intend; first-person singular of beabsichtigen, to plan

mich

Me; accusative form of the first-person pronoun

in

In/into; preposition indicating location or direction

viele

Many; indicating a large number of things

Richtungen

Directions; plural of Richtung, ways or courses

zu

To; infinitive particle or preposition in German

entwickeln

To develop; to grow or progress in various ways

setzen

To set/place; to put something or sit down

Ecke

Corner; the point where two lines or walls meet

Es

It; neuter third-person singular subject pronoun

tut

Does; third-person singular of tun, to do

leid

Sorry; used in 'es tut mir leid' meaning I'm sorry

wenn

When/if; subordinating conjunction for conditions or time

wir

We; first-person plural nominative pronoun

etwas

Something/a little; indefinite pronoun or adverb

spät

Late; occurring after the expected or usual time

war

Was; first/third-person singular past tense of sein

gezwungen

Forced/compelled; past participle of zwingen

der

The; definite article for masculine nouns in German

lieben

Dear/beloved; affectionate adjective modifying a noun

einen

A/an; indefinite article in masculine accusative form

Besuch

Visit; a trip to see someone at their location

abzustatten

To pay (a visit); formal infinitive for making a visit

seit

Since/for; preposition indicating time duration or start

dem

The; dative definite article for masculine or neuter

Tod

Death; the end of life of a person or creature

ihres

Her; genitive possessive pronoun referring to a woman

armen

Poor/unfortunate; adjective expressing pity for someone

Mannes

Husband/man; genitive singular of Mann

mehr

More; comparative degree indicating greater quantity

dort

There; at that place, indicating a specific location

gewesen

Been; past participle of sein, used in perfect tense

habe

Have; first-person singular of haben, auxiliary verb

noch

Still/yet; indicating continuation or addition

nie

Never; at no time, strong negation of frequency

eine

A/an; indefinite article for feminine nouns

Frau

Woman/wife; adult female person or married woman

so

So/such; adverb of degree or manner

verändert

Changed; past participle of verändern, to alter

gesehen

Seen; past participle of sehen, to see

sie

She/they; third-person feminine or plural pronoun

sieht

Looks/sees; third-person singular present of sehen

ganze

Whole/entire; adjective meaning complete or full

zwanzig

Twenty; the cardinal number 20

Jahre

Years; plural of Jahr, unit of time measurement

jünger

Younger; comparative of jung, lower in age

aus

Out/from; preposition indicating origin or outward direction

Und

And; coordinating conjunction connecting clauses

jetzt

Now; at the current moment in time

möchte

Would like; polite desire form of mögen

Tasse

Cup; a small vessel for drinking beverages

Tee

Tea; a hot beverage made from infused leaves

eines

One/a; indefinite article in genitive neuter form

jener

Those/that; demonstrative adjective indicating something specific

netten

Nice/lovely; adjective meaning pleasant or agreeable

Gurkensandwiches

Cucumber sandwiches; sandwiches filled with cucumber slices

versprochen

Promised; past participle of versprechen, to promise

haben

To have; auxiliary or main verb of possession

Selbstverständlich

Of course/naturally; expressing something obvious or expected

Geht

Goes; third-person singular of gehen, to go

zum

To the; contraction of zu and dem

Teetisch

Tea table; a table set for serving tea

hinüber

Over there; directional adverb indicating movement across

Möchtest

Would you like; second-person singular of möchten

du

You; informal second-person singular pronoun

herkommen

To come here; to move toward the speaker's location

dich

You; accusative form of informal second-person pronoun

Danke

Thank you; expression of gratitude in German

Mama

Mama/mom; informal word for one's mother

sitze

Sit; first-person singular present of sitzen

hier

Here; at this place, indicating current location

bequem

Comfortable; providing ease or physical comfort

Hebt

Lifts; third-person singular of heben, to lift

entsetzt

Horrified; feeling or expressing shock and horror

den

The; definite article in accusative masculine form

leeren

Empty; adjective meaning containing nothing inside

Teller

Plate; a flat dish used for serving food

hoch

High/up; adjective or particle indicating upward position

Großer

Great; adjective used in exclamation 'Großer Gott'

Gott

God; the supreme divine being, also in exclamations

Warum

Why; interrogative adverb asking for a reason

gibt

Gives/there is; from geben, also in 'es gibt'

keine

No/none; negative article for feminine or plural nouns

extra

Extra/additionally; something additional beyond what is normal

bestellt

Ordered; past participle of bestellen, to order

Ernsthaft

Seriously/honestly; indicating sincerity or gravity

gab

Gave/there were; simple past of geben

heute

Today; on this current day

Morgen

Morning; the early part of the day

Gurken

Cucumbers; plural of Gurke, a green vegetable

auf

On/upon; preposition indicating surface or direction

Markt

Market; a place where goods are bought and sold

zweimal

Twice; two times, indicating frequency of action

hingegangen

Gone there; past participle of hingehen, to go there

Keine

None/no; negative pronoun indicating absence of something

Nein

No; basic negation word in German

einmal

Once; one time, also meaning 'just' or 'sometime'

gegen

Against/upon; preposition indicating opposition or exchange

sofortige

Immediate; happening without delay or hesitation

Bezahlung

Payment; the act of paying money for something

genügt

Suffices/is enough; third-person singular of genügen

danke

Thank you; expressing gratitude in German